MRS conference is one of US material research Association conventional academic activities, is the material science domain influence biggest top conference. m会议是美国材料研究协会的常规学术活动之一,同时也是材料学领域影响力最大的顶级会议。 It covered the domain almost to cover the entire material science domain complete research direction, the position was equivalent to material science probably „International Mathematics Congress”, the big cow of almost entire material science will beam with joy in the conference. 其覆盖领域几乎涵盖了整个材料学领域的全部研究方向,地位大概就相当于材料学界的“国际数学家大会”,几乎整个材料学界的大牛都会在会议上露个脸。 However with „International Mathematics Congress that” four years open different, m is one year of two, divides the spring and autumn two seasons. Spring in the Phoenix of Arizona, is quite generally stable in the fall, usually in the Boston of Massachusetts. 不过和四年一开的“国际数学家大会”不同,m是一年两次,分春秋两季。春季一般在亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯,秋季则比较稳定,通常都是在马萨诸塞州的波士顿。 The goal of conference is to mainly exchange the technology, demonstrates the achievement to the industrial world, brings both sides together for the laboratory that the rich enterprise and is short of money, gives the peers to provide the place that rips to compel. 会议的目的主要是交流技术,向工业界展示成果,为有钱的企业和缺钱的实验室牵线搭桥,同时也给同行们提供一个撕逼的场所。 Yes, is rips to compel. 是的,就是撕逼。 If some people throw the shoes at the meeting toward the speaker, that should not be strange. Is that conference no one quarrels on the contrary, everyone meets calmly, exchanged views, reached the agreement, will approve...... that certainly to make the business personality suspect to the technical point of peer, was Sun hits the west side to come out. 如果有人在会上朝着报告人扔鞋子,那一定不要奇怪。反倒是那一届会议没有人吵起来,大家心平气和地开完了会,交换了意见,达成了共识,给同行的技术点赞……那一定会让业界人士怀疑,是不是太阳打西边出来了。 Is the big cow, ripped is fiercer. 越是大牛,撕的越厉害。 This situation is very difficult to see at the International Mathematics Congress. 这种情况在国际数学家大会上是很难看到的。 In some sense, the styles of mathematical and other divisions/disciplines, but also is not quite really same. 从某种意义上来讲,数学和其它学科的画风,还真不太一样。 As a math professor, Lu Zhou to ripping to compel does not have any interest. 身为一名数学教授,陆舟对撕逼没有任何兴趣。 However to him, this conference is actually an opportunity. 不过对于他来说,这次会议却是个机会。 Moreover m sends in the invitation to him suddenly, has many people interested in his research results very much. 而且m突然向他发来邀请函,想必也是有不少人对他的研究成果很感兴趣。 Naturally, even so, Lu Zhou has not forgotten own status. 当然了,即便如此,陆舟也没有忘记自己的身份。 He is a math professor. 他是一名数学教授。 Even after to see ten levels „the future time”, he must take the long view a point, how to say cannot deciding the maths of other division/discipline rank upper limits falling. 哪怕是为了看到十级之后的“未来时代”,他也得把眼光放长远一点,怎么说也不能把决定其他学科等级上限的数学给落下了。 August last day, Lu Zhou in the office of higher research institute, conducted the test to another two students. 八月的最后一天,陆舟在高等研究院的办公室里,对另外两名学生进行了测试。 Similarly is ten problems, the time limit two hours. 同样是十道题,限时两个小时。 After writing the a4 paper of topic is handing over on two manpower respectively, Lu Zhou then from own desk selected the book, with glanced through in the hand. 将写着题目的a4纸分别交到两人手上之后,陆舟便从自己的办公桌上挑了书,拿在手上翻阅了起来。 Time one minute one second passes by. 时间一分一秒过去。 With resounding of cell phone ting, Lu Zhou books about in beginning, looked that to two people who on the paper wrote with vigor. 随着手机铃声的响起,陆舟啪地一声合上了手中的书本,看向了在纸上奋笔疾书的两人。 „Time arrived, making me have a look at your month study how.” “时间到了,让我看看你们这个月学的怎么样。” A Hardy face had a headache put down the ball pen in hand, Qin Yue who similarly stopped the pen was a face is also anxious. 哈迪一脸头疼地放下了手中的圆珠笔,同样停笔的秦岳也是一脸紧张。 „Professor, the time that you give was too short,” set out to hand over on the Lu Zhou desk the test question paper, a Hardy face bitter and astringent expression, „, if gave me again ten minutes, I can definitely paint together below.” “教授,您给的时间太短了,”起身将试题纸交到了陆舟的办公桌上,哈迪一脸苦涩的表情,“要是再给我十分钟,我肯定能把下一道题写出来。” „Duration is not the key, moreover I have not requested you to do each problem, making me see that you can anything be OK.” “时间长短不是关键,而且我并没有要求你们把每道题都做出来,让我看到你们会了什么就可以了。” Received two people test question papers, Lu Zhou is saying, while swept the eye above topic. 接过两人的试题纸,陆舟一边说着,一边扫了眼上面的题目。 To him, the thing that these Jane/simple answered very much, swept one to have the integer at heart probably. 对于他来说,这些都是很简答的东西,扫一眼心里大概就有了个数。 Qin Yue presented six problems, the seventh problem had not finished, but the mentality had no major problem. 秦岳做出来了六道题,第七道题没写完,但思路没什么大问题。 Generally speaking, his situation is good, but this also in expected of Lu Zhou. 总的来说,他的情况还算不错,而这也在陆舟的意料之中。 Hardy made five, reached the qualified standard reluctantly, this somewhat came as a surprise to Lu Zhou actually. 哈迪做出来了五道,勉强达到合格标准,这倒是有些出乎了陆舟的意料。 Lu Zhou thinks, at least the person is unable through his test, but this person possibly is Hardy. Because in these three students, is his character to be most impetuous. 陆舟本来以为,至少有一个人是无法通过他的测试的,而这个人最可能便是哈迪。因为在这三个学生中,属他的性格最浮躁。 However now looks like, the situation is quite optimistic, three people attained the qualifications of participating in this topic. 不过现在看来,情况比较乐观,三个人都拿到了参与这一课题的资格。 Placed the a4 paper one side, Lu Zhou clears throat, says. 将a4纸放在了一边,陆舟清了清嗓子,开口说道。 „First congratulates you to join my topic.” “首先恭喜你们加入我的课题。” Hears these words, because originally only made five problems, but somewhat depressed Hardy, opened the eye surprisedly. Nearby Qin Yue, showed the surprise expression. 听到这句话,原本因为只做出了五道题而有些沮丧的哈迪,惊讶睁大了眼睛。旁边的秦岳,也露出了诧异的表情。 As if saw through them in surprised anything, Lu Zhou said bright way with the relaxed tone: „I establish and ruled lines are five problems, at least can make five, explained that you have the duty that I issue perceive, this one and half months has not at least left uncultivated.” 仿佛看穿了他们在惊讶什么,陆舟用轻松的语气说明道:“我设置的及格线是五道题,至少能做出来五道,说明你们有把我布置的任务听进去,这一个半月的时间至少没荒废掉。” „The specific content about our topic, I said simply.” “关于我们课题的具体内容,我就简单的说下吧。” Drank a coffee, Lu Zhou stood up, arrived by the blank slate of office, took the Mark pen. 喝了口咖啡,陆舟站起身来,走到了办公室的白板旁边,拿起马克笔。 Sat also stopped the work on hand in the office corner to silently Vera who the computer is collecting the literature, just like other two students, before moving own chair is sitting the blank slate, waits for the boss to begin lecturing. 坐在办公室角落对着电脑默默搜集文献的薇拉也停止了手上的工作,和其他两名学生一样,搬着自己的椅子坐到了白板前,等待着老板开讲。 „Before the one and half months, I had disclosed with you, our topics are related with the hail.” “一个半月之前,我曾经和你们透露过,我们的课题和冰雹有关。” „If had known about the additive theory of numbers, believes you have guessed correctly probably, this topic is anything.” “如果对加性数论有所了解,相信你们大概已经猜到了,这个课题到底是什么。” Hardy and Qin Yue nod in abundance. 哈迪和秦岳纷纷点了点头。 Just like Lu Zhou said that they had guessed correctly that the topic was anything. 正如陆舟所说的,他们已经猜到课题是什么了。 As for Vera, has no unnecessary response actually. After all early half a month ago, she already through inspection, even has participated in the topic. 至于薇拉,倒是没有什么多余的反应。毕竟早在半个月前,她就已经通过考核,甚至早就已经参与到课题中了。 , Lu Zhou continued to explain religious doctrine. 顿了顿,陆舟继续讲道。 „So-called hail suspected, called Collatz conjecture, or 3 n + 1 issue. The proposition of the description is, regarding positive integer n that determines willfully, after the fokn ( n ) = 1 sequential effect has the time limit, without exception falls into \ { 4,2,1 } this digital trap.” “所谓冰雹猜想,也称角谷猜想,或者3n+1问题。其描述的命题为,对于任意取定的正整数n,经fokn(n)=1连续作用有限次后,均无一例外地落入\这一数字陷阱。” „Popular point said that chose n, if n were odd number next 3 n + 1 ; If n is the even number, then next step turns into n / 2. After having time limit circulation, how regardless of its value inflates during this period, but it certainly will be finally the same as the hail, drops to 1 valley suddenly.” “通俗点讲,选择一个n,如果n是奇数下一步3n+1;如果n是偶数,则下一步变成n/2。经过有限次循环,无论在这期间它的数值如何膨胀,但最终它一定会向冰雹一样,骤然跌落至一的谷底。” At this point, the Lu Zhou stop moment, smiles to continue to say. 说到这里,陆舟停顿片刻,笑了笑继续说道。 „Like black hole.” “就像黑洞一样。” Compares the Goldbach's conjecture, the hail suspicion in the popularity of US without a doubt even better. 相比起哥德巴赫猜想,冰雹猜想在美国的知名度毫无疑问更胜一筹。 In the 1970s, in almost all American University campuses, can see some people studied diligently this mysteriously „numbers game”. But this phenomenon, even has mounted the North American established big newspaper Washington Post, and has formed unrest for a period of time. 上个世纪七十年代,几乎所有美国大学校园中,都能看到有人钻研这个神奇的“数字游戏”。而这一现象,甚至登上过北美老牌大报纸《华盛顿邮报》,并在一段时期内形成过一股风潮。 Naturally, regarding average person, this is a numbers game, but to the mathematician, it contains the thing of deeper level. 当然,对于普通人来说,这是一个数字游戏,但对于数学家来说,它却蕴含着更深层次的东西。 „This is the integer discusses the issue, moreover is classical issue in the additive theory of numbers. But in the final analysis, it is the complex analysis issue!” “这是个数论问题,而且是加性数论中的经典问题。但归根结底,它是个复分析问题！” „Collatz conjecture, is your tasks over the next three years. I do not request you to prove this proposition completely, but you at least must complete a paper that in this direction is worth by mathematical yearly journal including......” “角谷猜想,便是你们未来三年的任务。我不要求你们完全证明这个命题,但你们至少得在这个方向上完成一篇值得被数学年刊收录的论文……” Lu Zhou thinks, takes pen in hand, wrote down one line of mathematical formulas in the blank slate. 陆舟想了想,提笔,在白板上写下了一行算式。 【H ( z3 ) = h ( z6 ) + \ { h ( z2) + λ h( λz2) + λ 2 h( λ2z2) } / 3 z】( λ = e \ { 2 π i / 3 }) 【h(z3)=h(z6)+\{h(z2)+λh(λz2)+λ2h(λ2z2)}/3z】(其中λ=e\{2πi/3}) Sees this line of mathematical formulas, since Qin Yue takes out the note that carried along from the pocket immediately, Hardy also hits the spirit quickly. 看到这行算式,秦岳立刻从兜里取出了随身携带的笔记,哈迪也很快打起了精神。 As for Vera, as always then listens with total concentration. 至于薇拉,则是一如既往听的聚精会神。 „Although the outside world regarding solving the viewpoint of this issue is common, but in fact, theory of numbers does not have the progress regarding this issue.” “虽然外界对于解决这个问题的观点普遍悲观,但事实上,数论界对于这个问题也并非毫无进展。” „In the 1990s, said accurately is 94 years, this/Ben and Professor Minor Does proved: 3 n + 1 suspects equally in the functional equation h ( z3 ), is I in that equation of above blackboard writing.” “上个世纪九十年代,准确的说是94年,本格和迈纳杜斯教授证明了:3n+1猜想等价于函数方程h(z3),也就是我在上面板书的那个方程。” „The emergence of this equation, flattened the first brick to summit for the follow-up proof.” “这条方程的出现,为后续的证明铺平了通往山顶的第一块砖。” Some things said that could not say. 有些东西说是说不出来的。 Responded to that three pairs of hopeful line of sight, Lu Zhou is turning around, continued the blackboard writing in the blank slate. 回应着那三双充满期待的视线,陆舟转身,在白板上继续板书。 【G ( z) = z / 2 +( 1? Osπz) ( z + 1 / 2 ) / 2 + 1 / π( 1 / 2? Osπz) sinπz + h ( z ) sin 2 π z satisfies: n? PHI ( g ).】 【g(z)=z/2+(一?osπz)(z+1/2)/2+1/π(1/2?osπz)sinπz+h(z)sin2πz满足:n?Φ(g)。】 【......】 【……】 Saw these lines of mathematical formulas brightly, Vera's eyes gradually. 看到这几行算式,薇拉的眼睛渐渐明亮了起来。 Qin Yue and Hardy, showed the expression that looking pensive and appeared to understand but not really understand respectively. 秦岳和哈迪,分别露出了若有所思和似懂非懂的表情。 After stopping the pen, Lu Zhou a Mark pen will place on nearby table gently, shows a faint smile to own three students. 停笔之后,陆舟将马克笔轻轻地放在了旁边的桌子上,向自己的三名学生微微一笑。 „These step is very essential.” “这一步很关键。” „If can show that has function h ( z ), regarding above g ( z ), PHI ( g ) each branch D that contains some positive integer, has z0 ∈ d, causes 【Gok ( z0 )】 Restrains to 1......” “如果能证明存在一个整函数h(z),对于上述的g(z),Φ(g)的每一个包含某正整数的分支d,均存在z0∈d,使得【gok(z0)】收敛到一……” Stopped the moment, looks at the line of sight of that three pairs of anticipation, Lu Zhou smiles, said with the affirmative tone. 停顿了片刻,看着那三双期待的视线,陆舟笑了笑,用肯定的语气说道。 „From this, we can show.” “由此,我们就能证明。” „3 n + 1 establishment!”- “3n+1成立！”- Reference: bergl ,-eations-oned-with-the-collatz-in-math , 1994,251-12 参考文献:bergl,-eations-oned-with-the-collatz-in-math,1994，251-12 Previous time saw that the book review area has the baby shoe to propose pastes the literature, but to be honest, I feel the significance not big...... 上次看到书评区有童鞋提议把文献贴出来,但说实话,我觉得意义不大……