At the end of April. 四月底。 The academic circle had an important matter. 学术界发生了一件大事。 In latest issue «Math Yearly journal» on, used the length of enough 40 pages of papers, published proof of existence the paper about Yang Mills soluation of equation. 在最新一期《数学年刊》上,用了足足四十页纸的篇幅,刊登了关于杨米尔斯方程解的存在性证明的论文。 This news once were confirmed that immediately causes the stir in the international mathematics circles and Physics. 这一消息一经确认,立刻在国际数学界、物理学界引起了轰动。 On world famous mathematical forum mathoverflow, the discussion about this matter has blasted out the pot. 国际知名数学论坛mathoverflow上,关于这件事情的讨论已经炸开了锅。 【Did you hear? The existence of Yang Mills soluation of equation was proven!?】 【你们听说了吗？杨米尔斯方程解的存在性被证明了！？】 【Morning heard, but this matter does not have the conclusion now.】 【早上就听说了,不过这事儿现在还没定论吧。】 【Can on publishes the publication unable to calculate the theory in «Math Yearly journal»? But reviewers Charles Fefferman!】 【能在《数学年刊》上登刊还不能算定论？审稿人可是查尔斯・费弗曼！】 【Paper I have not looked, inside involves the l manifold the theory I not to understand very much, must understand must unify his 18 years of sending that paper about l manifold, then I must cram ferociously differential Geometry, has a headache...... in brief, the contribution of this big shot, has the problem is not the average person can pick up to puncture, final result actually how, after waiting for public lecture to open, said.】 【论文我还没看完,里面涉及到l流形的理论我不是很了解,要看懂还得结合他18年发的那篇关于l流形的论文,然后我还得去恶补微分几何,头疼……总之,这种大佬的投稿,就是有毛病也不是一般人能挑出刺来的,最后的结果究竟如何,还是等报告会开完了之后再说吧。】 Because including Terence Tao, Schultz many new generation mathematicians, has the reason of own account number in this website registration, the topic heat degree on mathoverflow, basically can respond that actually a matter in the reaction that in the mathematics circles circle triggers is stir how. 因为包括陶哲轩、舒尔茨在内很多新生代数学家,都在这家网站注册有自己的账号的缘故,mathoverflow上的话题热度,基本上可以反应出一件事情在数学界圈内引发的反响究竟是多么的轰动。 But previous discussion that has so the degree, but must trace for two years ago, the paper of Sir Attia and his five pages of papers...... 而上一次产生如此程度的讨论,还得追溯到两年前,阿提亚爵士和他那篇五页纸的论文了…… Discusses not only happened at the specialized academic forum. 热议不只是发生在专业的学术性论坛上。 How even if most people Yang Mills equation writes does not know, but actually does not calculate regarding the millennium difficult problem 【 即便绝大多数人连杨米尔斯方程怎么写都不知道,但对于千禧难题却是不算【 】 Strange. 】陌生的。 Almost the second day that the paper comes out, the related news then appeared in the head push pages of various types of NewsNet, and brought in ate surrounding of melon people innumerably. 几乎就在论文出来的第二天,相关的新闻便出现在了各种新闻网的头推送页,并且引来了无数吃瓜群众们的围观。 But compared on mathoverflo the rational discussion, in Twitter and face book netizens' response is sentimental. 而相比起mathoverflo上理性的讨论,推特和脸书上网友们的反应就更加情绪化了。 【Lu Zhou? Is the author of paper that Lu Zhou? If I have not remembered incorrectly, two years ago he solved a world-class mathematical difficult problem!】 【陆舟？论文的作者是那个陆舟？如果我没记错的话,就在两年前他才解决了一个世界级的数学难题！】 【Is the ns equation! One of seven big millennium difficult problems! I still remembered his public lecture at that year Rio International Mathematics Congress!】 【是ns方程！七大千禧难题之一！我还记得他的报告会是在那年的里约国际数学家大会上！】 【Challenges two millennium difficult problems continuously, the middle only separated less than two years...... God, how does he achieve?】 【连续挑战两个千禧难题,中间只隔了不到两年的时间……上帝,他是怎么做到的？】 【During , convenient also solved Controlled Nuclear Fusion?】 【期间顺手还解决了可控聚变？】 【Is haha, perhaps the mysterious strength from East?】 【哈哈,也许是来自东方的神秘力量？】 【This was too crazy!】 【这太疯狂了！】 【......】 【……】 Although since seven big millennium difficult problems have announced that then Challenger of many advancing uninterruptedly. 虽然自从七大千禧难题公布以来,便不乏前赴后继的挑战者。 But the proposition about Yang Mills equation, rarely has the person to yield the so crucial result in this domain. 但关于杨米尔斯方程的命题,却鲜有人在这一领域取得过如此关键性的成果。 If can through the method of math, show that Yang Mills equation the solution is to exist, then wants to extract this General solution concretely is anything's that day, should extremely not be remote. 如果能够通过数学的方法,证明杨米尔斯方程的解是存在的,那么想来求出这个通解具体是什么的那一天,应该也不会太过遥远。 Because the influence of this matter is great, few attention world of mathematics research development Nature, also the selection the 200 characters of this paper abstract part, established „highlight” in the new issue of publication to it, and some selection demonstrations in title page. 由于这件事情的影响过于重大,就连很少关注数学领域研究进展的《自然》,也节选了这篇论文摘要部分的两百字,在新一期的刊物上对其设置了“highlight”,并且部分节选展示在了封面。 But at the same time, when accepting " Science " reporter interviewed, reviewer Professor Fefferman's of paper this paper to the mathematics method that used, gave the quite high appraisal. 而与此同时,在接受《科学》杂志的记者采访时,论文的审稿人费弗曼教授对这篇论文运用到的数学方法,给予了相当高的评价。 „Few people can simultaneously over three worlds of mathematics, respectively reach the pinnacle level. But he not only achieved this point, and partial differential equation, differential Geometry and analysis situs three entirely different direction fusions in one, derived a brand-new mathematics method based on this.” “很少有人能同时在三个以上的数学领域中,分别达到极致的水准。而他不仅仅做到了这一点,并且将偏微分方程、微分几何、拓扑学三个截然不同的方向融合在了一起,在此基础上衍生出了一种全新的数学方法。” Reporter: „Is that mysterious l manifold?” 记者:“是那个神奇的l流形吗？” Fefferman: „Yes.” 费弗曼:“是的。” Reporter: „But some people commented, he when proving the existence of Yang Mills soluation of equation, in the foundation has not created the new mathematical instrument again, to conducts the reuse...... to ask when the mathematical instrument that solving the ns equation created how merely you did see this viewpoint?” 记者:“可是有人评价说,他在证明杨米尔斯方程解的存在性时,并没有再次基础上创造新的数学工具,仅仅只是对在解决ns方程时创造的数学工具进行重复利用……请问您怎么看这种观点？” A value of mathematical proposition does not manifest in it of proposition, but manifests when the mathematics method that solving this proposition can create. 一个数学命题的价值并不是体现在命题的本身,而是体现在解决这个命题时所能创造的数学方法。 If this paper with the language of math, told people General solution of Yang Mills equation is exists, actually cannot to extract this General solution paves the way, even if that it similarly were a splendid achievement, but was still very difficult to reach the outstanding level. 如果这篇论文只是用数学的语言,告诉人们杨米尔斯方程的通解是存在的,却不能为求出这个通解铺平道路,那么即便它同样算是一份出色的成果,但也很难达到杰出的水准。 Fefferman: „I think that this viewpoint is not objective. Manifests a conjecture value may not create a brand-new mathematical instrument, it can also be improves the existing mathematical instrument, even if only an abstract mathematical thought.” 费弗曼:“我认为这种观点是不客观的。体现一个数学猜想价值的不一定非得创造一种全新的数学工具,它也可以是对现有的数学工具进行完善,或者哪怕只是一种抽象的数学思想。” Reporter: „You think that he did strengthen the theory of l manifold based on this?” 记者:“你认为他在此基础上强化了l流形的理论？” Fefferman nods: „Right. A theory from develops jerkily maturely, usually takes five years even is ten years, and accumulation of innumerable mathematical proposition precipitates. Few people can achieve this point in just two years, but he actually achieved.” 费弗曼点头:“没错。一个理论从生涩发展到成熟,往往需要五年甚至是十年的时间,以及无数个数学命题的积累去沉淀。很少有人能在短短两年的时间里做到这一点,但他却做到了。” „Through introducing the method of l manifold, he successfully built a bridge between the partial differential equations and differential Geometry, and introduced the thought and method of analysis situs. If wants me to use the non- specialized language to describe, his approach is to then make the equation no longer is the pure equation, but is Geometry of existence in special space.” “通过引入l流形的方法,他成功在偏微分方程和微分几何之间搭建了一条桥梁,并且将拓扑学的思想和方法引入了进去。如果要我用非专业的语言进行描述的话,他的做法便是让方程变得不再是纯粹的方程,而是一种存在于特殊空间内的几何。” Reporter: „This was too abstract, can say more concrete?” 记者:“这太抽象了,能说的更具体点吗？” Fefferman shrugs: „Seemed like in an irregular graph made a split line, after a special change, enabling the complex thing to become clear.” 费弗曼耸了耸肩:“就好像是在一个不规则的图形上做了一条辅助线,经过一种特殊的变化,让原本复杂的东西能变得一目了然。” Reporter: „But I notice, on arxiv the person who follows up this aspect to study is few. Although this data is not very possibly objective, but if it is so effective, why no one considers to use it.” 记者:“可是我注意到,arxiv上跟进这方面研究的人很少。虽然这个数据可能不够客观,但如果它真的这么管用,为什么没有人去考虑用它。” Fefferman: „This issue is very simple, you cannot count on a birth less than two years of theory, immediately becomes the academic circle mainstream, even Grothendieck cannot achieve. Did not say that profoundly studies it, even if the learned with it, is still requires some time...... let alone, this method has certain threshold.” 费弗曼:“这个问题很简单,你不能指望一个诞生不到两年的理论,立刻成为学术界的主流,就算是格罗滕迪克也做不到。不说深入研究它,就算是学会用它,也是需要一定的时间……更何况,这种方法存在一定的门槛。” Reporter: „Therefore, you are very high to his job evaluation?” 记者:“所以,你对他的工作评价很高？” Fefferman: „Yes, moreover I believe that any understood the person of that paper truly, will produce with my same idea.” 费弗曼:“是的,而且我相信任何真正看懂了那篇论文的人,都会产生和我一样的想法。” Reporter: „Last issue, possibly has nothing to do with Yang Mills equation...... naturally, you can also not express the view.” 记者:“最后一个问题,可能与杨米尔斯方程本身无关……当然,您也可以不发表看法。” Fefferman smiles: „You asked.” 费弗曼笑了笑说:“你问吧。” Reporter: „You think that he can become in this century the greatest mathematician?” 记者:“你认为他有可能成为本世纪最伟大的数学家吗？” This is a very difficult issue. 这是个很难的问题。 After all in the 21 st century also just began. 毕竟二十一世纪也才刚刚开了个头而已。 Under the gaze of reporter earnest vision, Fefferman thought a while, said: „This depends on the Riemann hypothesis whether can be shown in this century. If cannot......” 在记者热切目光的注视之下,费弗曼想了一会儿,开口说:“这取决于黎曼猜想是否能在本世纪得到证明。如果不能的话……” At this point, he. 说到这里,他顿了顿。 „Then without a doubt, is not possible, he already.” “那么毫无疑问,不是可能,他已经是了。” Recommends a seedling, «Was sorry That Has System Really Extraordinary», the author is a senior driver, can feel relieved edible ~ 推荐一本幼苗,《抱歉,有系统真的了不起》,作者是个老司机,可以放心食用~