If calculates failure, Hou Jinli could not have counted to be defeated many times. 如果计算失败次数的话,侯进力已经数不过来自己失败了多少次了。 At first when he prepares the sg-1 material in the laboratory, is tested the waste material that produces accidentally/surprisingly to attract the interest. 最初他只是在实验室制备sg-1材料时,被实验意外产生的废料吸引了兴趣。 Compared with the common graphite material, the feel that waste material touches is really somewhat special. 比起一般的石墨材料而言,那种废料摸起来的手感实在是有些特别。 The conclusion that the above these, are accumulated the experience that draw by him in the experiment, but finally in the systematic research, he discovered this waste material special reason, hopes with its surface is condensing a porous netted aerogel insulation. 以上这些,都是由他在实验中积累的经验所得出的结论,而最后在系统性的研究中,他发现了这废料之所以特别的原因,是愿与其表面凝聚着的一层多孔网状气凝胶隔层。 To be honest, this result many disappoints him somewhat. After all by the porous netted aerogel of graphene preparation is not any novel research results, even can say that similar material has applied in some electrode materials. 说实话,这个结果多少让他有些失望。毕竟由石墨烯制备的多孔网状气凝胶并非是什么新颖的研究成果,甚至可以说类似的材料在部分电极材料中已经有所应用。 However, applied to open the topic as the first independence in life the research subject, the first topic that similarly after was also arrived at this research institute, applies, he is not willing to give up simply. 然而,作为人生中的第一次独立申请开题的研究课题,同样也是来到这座研究所之后申请的第一个课题,他不愿就这么简单的放弃了。 Therefore in discovering this type of porous netted aerogel has no in the situation of special value, he continues to it in other performance in dispersion medium and dispersed phase, as well as conducted various natures that compound showed to conduct the deep research with other materials. 于是在发现这种多孔网状气凝胶本身没有什么特别价值的情况下,他继续对其在其它分散介质、分散相中的表现,以及与其他材料进行复合所展现出来的各项性质进行了深入研究。 This process is desperate. 这个过程是令人绝望的。 Even to made him suspect the life desperately. 甚至绝望到了令他怀疑人生。 Fortunately last time, he has not given up. 所幸最后一次,他没有放弃。 Is taken the plasticizer and sic ceramics union with this type by the porous netted aerogel of graphene preparation, displayed the unexpected effect! 用这种由石墨烯制备的多孔网状气凝胶作为增韧剂与碳化硅陶瓷结合,发挥出了意料之外的奇效！ As the plasticizer, the performance of this type of porous netted aerogel is not superior, at least compared with other similar materials is so. 作为增韧剂本身,这种多孔网状气凝胶的性能并不算优越,至少比起其他同类材料来说是如此。 However it the performance in thermal property, was makes his exciting being able to bear shout in laboratory. 然而其在热学性能上的表现,却是令他兴奋的忍不住在实验室里喊了出来。 Wrote the report the experimental result impatiently, Hou Jinli handed over in it the institute. 迫不及待地将实验结果写成了报告,侯进力将它交到了所里。 Without passing through too many twists and turns, this test report after he delivers the second day, was then placed on the Lu Zhou desk...... 没有经过太多的波折,这份实验报告在他上交之后的第二天,便摆在了陆舟的办公桌上…… ...... …… Although the interesting invention is born in accidentally, accidentally but this also comes was too surprising. 虽说许多有趣的发明都诞生于偶然,但这份偶然也来的太意外了点。 Read the test report in hand, on the Lu Zhou face was reappearing the look of being interested. 看着手中的这份实验报告,陆舟脸上浮现了感兴趣的神色。 „Interesting.” “有点意思。” The report contents are divided into two parts. 报告内容分为两部分。 Part 1 preparation about this type of porous netted aerogel. 第一部分是关于这种多孔网状气凝胶的制备。 The selective oxidation graphene takes the foundation raw material, compounds the 1 ~ 2 g / l oxidized graphene solution, adds the reducing agent, later stirs for 5 ~ 10 minutes, making it in 90160 return to original state for 30-45 minutes, immediately took out puts in the household freezer to freeze for 4 hours, after taking out defrosting, continued under the high temperature to return to original state for 5 hours, finally the laundering several times and dry...... then can obtain this type of porous netted aerogel. 选择氧化石墨烯作为基础原料,配制1~2g/l的氧化石墨烯溶液,加入还原剂,之后搅拌5~10分钟,令其在90160下还原30-45分钟,立即取出放入冷冻箱中冷冻四小时,取出解冻后继续高温下还原五小时,最后水洗数次并干燥……便可以得到这种多孔网状气凝胶。 As for the second part, was the crucial content of entire experiment. 至于第二部分,便是整个实验的关键内容了。 In the experiment, through the process of atomic shell deposition, Hou Jinli the research team this type from the porous netted aerogel chemical bonding of graphene material fabrication to the si ceramic coating, and obtained a structure special graphene from this- ceramic composite. 在实验中,通过原子层沉积的过程,侯进力的研究团队将这种由石墨烯材料制备的多孔网状气凝胶化学键合到si陶瓷层上,并由此得到了一种结构特殊的石墨烯-陶瓷复合材料。 From the microscopic structure, this material can become ceramic coating the honeycomb-shaped graphene level of zonula adherens abstractly, but these honeycomb-shaped graphene members, closely linkage with the si members in the same place. 从微观结构上来看,这种材料可以抽象成陶瓷层的中间连接的蜂窝状的石墨烯层,而这些蜂窝状的石墨烯分子,与si分子之间紧密地键合在一起。 According to experimental result that the thermostable test obtains, in lack of oxygen environment, this type of special graphene- ceramic composite, can withstand 3200 degrees high temperature! 根据耐高温测试得出的实验结果,在无氧环境下,这种特殊的石墨烯-陶瓷复合材料,能够承受3200度的高温！ And, not only its outstanding resistance to elevated temperatures, the thermal-expansion coefficient of this material is small, and has the remarkable aeolotropy in the thermal conductivity. 并且,不只是其优异的耐高温性能,这种材料的热膨胀系数较小,且在导热性能上具有显著的各向异性。 Namely, the thermal energy is easy to transmit in the section direction, but is not easy to transmit in the vertical section direction! 即,热能即易于沿截面方向传递,而不易于在垂直截面方向上传递！ In addition, including tensile strength and compressive strength, regarding thermal load resistant wait. 除此之外,包括抗拉强度和抗压强度,还有对于热应力的抗性等等。 From these data, this material could be said as is quite splendid. 从这些数据上来看,这项材料都可以说是相当的出色了。 Looks on the Lu Zhou face the interested look, Yang does Xu open the mouth „that material that asked this is you needs?” 看着陆舟脸上饶有兴趣的神色,杨旭开口问道“这是你需要的那种材料？” „Did not say,” put down the test report in hand, Lu Zhou by the office chair, „this report, provided a mentality to me actually.” “不好说,”放下了手中的这份实验报告,陆舟靠在了办公椅上,“不过这份报告,倒是给我提供了一条思路。” Yang Xu „mentality?” 杨旭“思路？” „Right,” Lu Zhou nods, thought a moment later , to continue saying that „most starts me to think subjectively the ceramic material does not suit for the first wall, because its heat dispersion is too bad, but from another viewpoint, this vertical in the heat transfer performance of contact surface, instead is small a point to be better.” “没错,”陆舟点了点头,思索了片刻之后,继续说道,“最开始我主观的认为陶瓷材料不适合用于第一壁,因为其散热性能太差,但从另一个角度考虑,这种垂直于界面的热传递性能,反而小一点要好。” Yang did Xu „why say?” 杨旭“为什么这么说？” „Because of the fluid lithium neutron recovery system,” Lu Zhou smiles , to continue saying that „by the thermal conductivity of C filament composite, we must consider increases together the thermal insulation layer between the C filament composites and fluid lithium, otherwise over 3000 degrees operating temperature, was used to recycle the neutron the liquid helium level to give the gasification us even the slightest misstep.” “因为液锂中子回收系统,”陆舟笑了笑,继续说道,“以碳纤维复合材料的导热性能,我们还得考虑在碳纤维复合材料与液锂之间添加一道隔热层,否则三千度以上的工作温度,稍有不慎就把我们用来回收中子的液氦层给气化了。” The differences of two material in operating temperature, it can be said that one of entire reactor engineering core difficulties. 两种材料在工作温度上的差异,可以说是整个反应堆工程中的核心难点之一了。 The thermal conductivity was too weak was not good, too strong was not good, currently speaking, the carbon fiber appeared somewhat goes too far is as bad as not far enough slightly. 导热性能太弱了不行,太强了也不好,从这一点来看,碳纤维稍显得有些过犹不及了。 In comparison, the aeolotropy of this new material in thermal property, the performance was quite prominent. The transmission of appropriate weakening thermal energy in vertical section direction, can leave enough cushion time to the external cooling installment. 相比之下,这种新材料在热学性能上的各向异性,表现就相当突出了。适当的削弱热能在垂直截面方向上的传递,能给外部冷却装置留出足够的缓冲时间。 As for the radiation of structural material, can through „to the structure interior insertion heat-sink, derive along the heat of section direction transmission” the method is solved. 至于结构材料的散热,也可以通过“向结构内部插入导热管,将沿截面方向传递的热量导出”的方法来解决。 Although did not understand the fusion project, but Lu Zhou explained was popular, Yang Xu understands his meaning immediately. 虽然对于聚变工程并不了解,但陆舟解释的还算通俗,杨旭立刻明白了他的意思。 However, although the thermodynamics issue basically was solved, but here also has a more essential issue...... 不过,虽然热力学问题基本解决了,但这里还有个更关键的问题…… „Anti-neutron Irradiation ability? This is most essential.” “抗中子辐照能力呢？这才是最关键的吧。” Hears these words, Lu Zhou sighs right that „you said that this is the key of issue. Although this material various aspects come to see are appropriate, but is the Anti-neutron Irradiation ability...... specifically good must try to know.” 听到这句话,陆舟叹了口气“你说的对,这才是问题的关键。虽然这材料各方面来看都还算合适,但抗中子辐照能力……具体行不行还是得试一试才知道。” Silicon carbide or graphene, the atomic nucleus of carbon element and SI element is very stable, -si the covalent bond is also stabler than the metallic bond. Meanwhile, two materials are also quite considerable regarding the permeability of neutron beam. 无论是碳化硅还是石墨烯,其中碳元素和硅元素的原子核还是很稳定的,-si共价键也远比金属键稳定。与此同时,两种材料对于中子束的透过性也相当可观。 However, theoretically is this. 然而,理论上是这样的。 But in the actual situation, the neutron exposure regarding the destruction of material and is not only only the atomic transmutations, with destruction to internal chemical bond, destruction in purest physical composition. 但实际情况下,中子辐照对于材料的破坏并不仅仅只是原子嬗变,和对内部化学键的破坏,还有最纯粹的物理结构上的破坏。 But the latter, is basically useless by the theoretical analysis, only then attains in the experiment to draw the conclusion. 而后者,靠理论分析基本是没用的,只有拿到实验中才能得出结论。 What troubles is...... 只是麻烦的是…… This gadget has no way to try. 这玩意儿根本没法试。 Yang Xu smiling face somewhat bitterly and astringently, said that tactfully „this experiment feared is not quite good to do.” 杨旭笑容有些苦涩,委婉地说道“这实验怕是不太好做。” The Anti-neutron Irradiation detect property is in material science one that is difficult to make, does not have one. 抗中子辐照性能检测是材料学中最难做的一项,没有之一。 The common anti-irradiation experiment is good, then can emit the neutron with a granule bombardment acupuncture needle nuclear. 一般的抗辐照实验都还好,用a粒子轰击铍核便能放出中子。 Even can say, the research of Controlled Nuclear Fusion pile of first wall materials is hard to conduct, the most important reason then could not find one to the material to conduct the equipment of anti-irradiation test. 甚至于可以说,可控聚变堆第一壁材料的研究之所以难以进行,最重要的原因便是找不到一个可以对材料进行抗辐照测试的设备。 Shells the sample with the 14 v neutron unceasingly, where on such test installation looks? 用14v的中子不断轰击样品,这样的实验设备上哪儿找去？ The general neutron source, cannot reach this magnitude. 一般的中子源,根本达不到这个量级。 Even if goes to Daya Bay, by the exposure rank of nuclear fission nuclear power station, with fusion reaction exposure and other gradings of entire two magnitudes! 哪怕是去大亚湾,以核裂变核电站的辐照等级,也和聚变反应的辐照等级差了整整两个数量级！ As for accelerator...... 至于加速器…… That talked nonsense, whom but also without hearing can accelerate the neutron directly. If who really achieved, only feared that entire theory Physics must call his father. 那就更扯淡了,还没听说谁能直接加速中子的。如果谁真做到了,只怕整个理论物理学界都得叫他爸爸。 Has as for the indirect acceleration actually, but in fact obtains the energy of neutron, might as well shoots the acupuncture needle metallic foil with a granule directly. Former only advantage, merely in having the direction of neutron beam was slightly stabler. 至于间接加速倒是有,但实际上获得中子的能量,还不如直接拿a粒子去射铍金属箔。前者唯一的优势,也仅仅只是在产生中子束的方向上稍微稳定些了。 Thinks of here, Lu Zhou also somewhat worries, the index finger is knocking on the table gently, in the heart measured. 想到这里,陆舟也有些犯了难,食指在桌子上轻轻敲着,心中权衡了起来。 Lets the star equipment again „reluctantly” one time? 再让star装置“勉强”一次？ Theoretically is not good. 理论上不是不行。 But this does an experiment to strike for a month, can the price too big? 可这做一次实验得罢工一个月,代价会不会太大了点儿？ After all this Stellarator installs, home at present also such. 毕竟这仿星器装置,国内目前也就这么一台。 How the experts of nuclear industry group are still studying are imitating, if tossing about went bad this only equipment, that may play to take off/escape. 核工业集团的专家们还在研究着如何仿制,要是把这唯一的一台设备给折腾坏了,那可就玩脱了。 However at this moment, in the Lu Zhou brain the miraculous glow flashed suddenly, puts out a hand to pat under the forehead. 然而就在这时,陆舟脑中忽然灵光一闪,伸手拍了下额头。 p! p！ Is only thinking how to toss about own Stellarator, how Tokomak forgetting. 光想着怎么折腾自己的仿星器了,怎么就把托卡马克给忘了呢。 Although the impulse firing the confinement time is not long, but especially the good and evil can also ignite! 脉冲点火虽然约束时间不长,但特么的好歹也能点火啊！ Although the Stellarator home only has one, but the Tokamak device is many...... 仿星器国内虽然只有一台,但托卡马克装置还是很多的……。