Quick that the time passes. 时间过的很快。 On April 20, Academician Lu returned to gold/metal big to meet from Shanghai, after the conference ended, making Lu Zhou go to an office. 四月20号,卢院士从沪上返回金大开会,会议结束之后,让陆舟去了一趟办公室。 Lu Zhou passing through the gate, the old person then looks, asked with a smile. 陆舟一进门,老人便看过来,笑着问道。 „Preparation how?” “准备的怎么样了？” Lu Zhou: „Similar...... also looked at the professor to show mercy.” 陆舟:“差不多了吧……还望教授手下留情。” Academician Lu: „Was similar? That line, I tested your two problems to be good casually.” 卢院士:“差不多了？那行吧,我就随便考你两道题好了。” Saying, he opens the drawer, pulls out a a4 paper from inside, placed on the table. 说着,他拉开抽屉,从里面抽出来一张a4纸,放在了桌子上面。 „Did pen here, write with the past?” “笔在这儿,拿过去写写？” Lu Zhou received the written records, looked at the eye above topic, the brow twitched ruthlessly under. 陆舟接过了纸笔,看了眼上面的题目,眉头狠狠抽搐了下。 Two problems of reaching an agreement, on the paper clearly write three problems. 说好的两道题,纸上分明写着三道题。 Moreover reaches an agreement tests casually, which problem in does not seem like the easy appearance...... 而且说好的随便考考,在哪一道题都不像是容易的样子…… Rwandan academician was asking: „What's wrong, can't understand?” 卢院士笑着问:“怎么,看不懂？” „How can,” Lu Zhou smile, looks to the topic, on the face appears the thinking expression, „seems like, is not quite a little easy.” “怎么会,”陆舟笑了笑,看向题目,脸上浮现出思索的表情,“就是看上去,有点不太容易。” Rwandan academician smiles has not spoken, turned upwards one leg on the other, waits for him to take up the pen. 卢院士笑了笑没说话,翘起了二郎腿,等待着他动笔。 It is not quite easy? 不太容易？ If this were easy, what meaning that also does test has? 这要是容易了,那考得还有什么意思？ How saying that he is also an academician, the graduate student who the academician leads, can be the same with the graduate student who the ordinary professor leads? 怎么说他也是个院士,院士带的研究生,能和普通教授带的研究生一样吗？ These topics did not do to the graduate student, but is he incurs the postgraduate candidate the time, takes away to inspect these interview the expertise level. 这些题目本来就不是给研究生做的,而是他招博士生的时候,拿去考察那些面试者的专业知识水平的。 Three problems can make two, that was qualified, if three problems can make three, that it can be said that was outstanding. 三道题能做出来两道,那便是合格了,三道题要是能做出来三道,那就可以说是优秀了。 Four postgraduate candidates who he leads, can present three problems the level. The topic of although examining is not same, but the level is similar. 他自己带的四名博士生,都是能做出来三道题的水平。虽然考查的题目不相同,但层次却是差不多的。 When Rwandan academician waits for Lu Zhou is taking up the pen, Lu Zhou rapidly three problems had crossed, then looked to the first topic, was to him an easiest problem. 就在卢院士等待着陆舟动笔的时候,陆舟已经迅速将三道题都过了一遍,然后看向了第一题,也是对他来说最容易的一道题。 The first topic, what inspection is the group theory. 第一题,考察的是群论。 However, inspection is actually not the group theory in math, but is the application of group theory in quantum mechanics. 不过,考察的却不是数学上的群论,而是群论在量子力学中的应用。 Because „group theory” this mathematical branch is before „quantum mechanics” appears is created by the mathematician independently, not by Physics and mathematician establishes like „slightly General points” together. Therefore, group theory regarding the physicist is „imported product”, studies difficultly, uses is not inconvenient. 由于“群论”这个数学分支是早在“量子力学”出现之前就由数学家独立创造的,不像“微积分”那样是由物理学家和数学家共同创立的。因此、群论对于物理工作者来说是“舶来品”,学起来困难,用起来不顺手。 However regarding „mathematical birth”, reentry „mathematical physics” Lu Zhou, processing is actually not such difficulty. 不过对于“数学出生”,再入“数学物理”的陆舟来说,处理起来却并非那么的困难。 【The group theory explanation of hydrogen atom energy level accidental degeneracy】 【氢原子能级偶然简并的群论解释】 The topic is very short, the information content is big. 题目很短,信息量却不小。 The degeneracy of hydrogen atom is higher than the phenomenon of common atom to be called „accidental degeneracy”. However the traditional quantum mechanics unable to explain accidental degeneracy phenomenon, makes this phenomenon obtain explanation theoretically to the introduction of group theory. 氢原子的简并度高于一般原子的现象称为“偶然简并”。然而传统量子力学并无法解释偶然简并现象,一直到群论的引入才让这一现象得到理论上的解释。 Closes the eye, Lu Zhou in the quantum mechanics knowledge that in the brain recalled was previously learning, is recalling about hydrogen atom all. 闭上眼睛,陆舟在脑中回忆着此前学到的量子力学知识,回忆着关于氢原子的一切。 Then, with the method model building of math...... 然后,用数学的方法建立模型…… Opens the eyes, the Lu Zhou deep breath one breath, finally with beginning a stroke, and writes on the paper. 睁开双眼,陆舟深呼吸一口气,终于拿起笔,并在纸上写到。 【Made the hydrogen atom Hamiltonian operator be h = p 2 / 2-ze 2 / r......】 【令氢原子哈密顿算符为h=p2/2-ze2/r……】 【System in Coulomb potential situation has a Runge Lenz vector, is m'=......】 【在库仑势情况下体系存在一个龙格-楞次矢量,记为m’=……】 【Eigenvalue c = of group casimir operator......】 【群casimir算子的本征值c=……】 【......】 【……】 Sees Lu Zhou to present the topic the speed, the eyebrow of Academician Lu selected selecting slightly. 看到陆舟做题的速度,卢院士的眉毛微微挑了挑。 He thinks Lu Zhou in this problem at least must spend 20 minutes pondered, never expected that he has taken up the pen. 他本来以为陆舟在这道题上至少也得花个二十来分钟的时间去思考,没想到他已经动笔了。 Moreover, the mentality is absolutely correct. 而且,思路完全正确。 Originally he also planned, when Lu Zhou cannot think takes two mouths, but now looks like, does not use. 本来他还打算在陆舟想不出来的时候提上两嘴,不过现在看来,是不用了。 【Regarding energy level e ( n + 1 ) and quantum number( n, 1) related degeneracy is Σ2 ( l + 1 ) = n 2......】 【对于能级e(n+1)与量子数(n、一)有关简并度为Σ2(l+1)=n2……】 Sees the answer, Academician Lu in the heart nods silently. 看到答案,卢院士心中默默点了点头。 The first topic, correct! 第一题,正确！ Has not paid attention to look at Academician Lu the expression on face, Lu Zhou continues the downward problem to throw the dedicated line of sight. 并没有注意去看卢院士脸上的表情,陆舟继续向下一道题投去了专注的视线。 The second problem, in some issues of Dirac hole theory about quantum field theory, what inspection is the understanding of the dirac equation and some theoretical knowledge about the field theory. 第二道题,是关于量子场论中狄拉克空穴理论的一些问题,考察的是对狄拉克方程的理解和一些关于场论的理论知识。 This pure knowledge, no difficulty regarding Lu Zhou, in the dedicated condition of medicine guidance, looked the thing will not basically forget. 这种纯理论知识,对于陆舟来说没什么难度,在药物引导的专注状态下,看进去了的东西基本是不会忘记的。 To him , compared to need to think slightly a while the first topic, this delivers a minute of topic together. 对于他而言,相比起需要稍微想一会儿的第一题来说,这是一道送分题。 Has not stayed, Lu Zhou takes up the pen quickly, answers various theoretical questions that in the topic asked with the argumentative language. 没有停留,陆舟很快动笔,用论述性的语言解答了题目中提出的各种理论性问题。 Saw Lu Zhou to make this problem, on the face of Academician Lu appeared a gratified smiling face. 看到陆舟做出了这道题,卢院士的脸上浮现了一丝欣慰的笑容。 Good, he has not truly been mistaken. 不错,他确实没看走眼。 This boy is the good seedling of research theoretical physics, by talent that he shows now, four postgraduate candidates who even lead compared with him, inherit his mantle hopefully. 这小子是个研究理论物理的好苗子,以他现在展现出来的天赋,甚至比他带的四个博士生,更有希望继承他的衣钵。 If were not the school has given him to make the personnel training plan to lead to higher platform, he has even thought that made him straight consider as finished in oneself here simply abundantly. 如果不是学校已经给他制定了通向更高平台的人才培养计划,他甚至想过,干脆让他在自己这儿直博算了。 Naturally, he also thinks, goes to a higher platform to derive the scientific research nutrient, he also supports. 当然了,他也就是这么想一想,去更高的平台上汲取科研养分,他也是支持的。 Solved the second problem, Lu Zhou continued to look to the third problem. 解决了第二道题,陆舟继续看向了第三道题。 When sees the third problem, he gawked under. 然而在看到第三道题的时候,他愣了下。 The third problem, is together about „string theory” topic. 第三道题,是一道关于“弦论”的题目。 The so-called string theory, mainly tries to solve the incompatible two main Physics theories in surface, description entire universe that namely contradiction between the quantum mechanics and general theories of relativity, and wants to create „myriad things theory”, is in the legend „universal theories”. 所谓弦理论,主要试图解决表面上的不兼容的两个主要物理学理论,即量子力学和广义相对论之间的矛盾,并欲创造的描述整个宇宙的“万物理论”,也就是传说中的“大一统理论”。 Then, the discovery of this theory, but also has a big origin with the math. 说起来,这个理论的发现,还和数学有着不小的的渊源。 Chino of cern work, wants to find description atomic nucleus the mathematical formula of strong action, finally found in an obsolete mathematical book the Euler's formula that has 200 years, and discovered the description that accidentally/surprisingly this formula can succeed he requests the solution the strong action. 在欧洲核子研究中心工作的维内奇诺,本来是想找到描述原子核内的强作用力的数学公式,结果在一本老旧的数学书里找到了有200年之久的欧拉公式,并意外地发现这公式能够成功的描述他所要求解的强作用力。 This sounds like chivalric fiction novel inside plot, but the fact is such coincidence. 这听起来很像是武侠小说里面的情节,但事实就是如此的巧合。 Under such coincidence, the embryonic form of string theory was then born. 就在这样的巧合之下,弦理论的雏形便诞生了。 Including afterward wave color string theory and ultra string theory, „series jianghu that” as well as renowned Edward Witten proposed m theory, was develops based on this. 包括后来的波色弦理论、超弦理论,以及著名的爱德华・威滕提出的“一统江湖”的m理论,都是在此基础上发展而来。 Establishes description universe myriad things „universal formulas”, this is almost the theory Physics ultimate objective. 建立一个描述宇宙万物的“大一统公式”,这几乎是理论物理学的终极目标。 However what is quite awkward, domestic string metaphysics at a very awkward aspect. 然而比较尴尬的是,国内的弦理论发展处在一个非常尴尬的局面。 The coherence physics stands in the theory Physics opposite not to mention, theory Physics does not seem willing to admit this „mathematical anomaly”. 凝聚态物理本身就站在理论物理学的对立面暂且不说,理论物理学界似乎也不太愿接纳这个“数学怪胎”。 Even including the domestic theory Physics highly respected person , a Venerable Yang the world's most influential Physics, had then expressed to viewpoint that the string theory thinks otherwise. On the contrary is the domestic mathematics circles, has the admission and open attitude on the string theory. For example Venerable Qiu, the straddling of zones gives string theory „a to praise”. 甚至包括国内理论物理学的泰斗,当今世界最具影响力的物理学家之一杨老先生,便表示过对弦论不以为然的观点。反倒是国内的数学界,对弦论持接纳、开放的态度。比如邱老先生,就跨界给弦理论“点赞”过。 However what makes Lu Zhou somewhat ponder over to be airtight, this third topic examination is not the knowledge node of string theory, but asked oneself to the view of string theory. 然而让陆舟有些琢磨不透的是,这第三道题考查的不是弦论的知识点,而是问自己对弦论的看法。 View? 看法？ To the view of theory? To view of metaphysics? 对理论的看法？还是对理论发展的看法？ Is this together the subjective topic? 这是一道主观题吗？ The pen tip stopped on the paper was very long, overcame one difficulty after another Lu Zhou of last pass/test, suddenly some fans. 笔尖在纸上停了很久,一路过关斩将到最后一关的陆舟,一时间有些迷了。