Between perhaps the conjectures and conjectures, have the discrimination of academic value, but very with a definite standard, weighs a difficulty of suspicion difficultly. 数学猜想与数学猜想之间,或许存在学术价值的区分,但很难用一个确定标准,去衡量一个猜想的难度。 After all simply had not been shown is the real thing, how should weigh its difficulty? 毕竟一个根本没有被证明是否为真的东西,该如何去衡量它的难度呢？ This is a false logic. 这本身便是一个伪逻辑。 However must give between the conjectures and conjectures divides the rank the words, is not. 不过非要给数学猜想与数学猜想之间划分等级的话,也不是不可以。 If regardless the political significance, the economic significance, the news exaggeration and other non- academic factors, only discussed „to current mathematics circles” academic value, then tens of thousands of conjectures could be roughly divided into several in echelon. 如果抛开政治意义、经济意义、新闻渲染等一切非学术因素,只谈论“对当今数学界”的学术价值,那么成千上万的数学猜想可以大致分为几个梯次。 First in echelon, without doubt is the Riemann hypothesis, the NP complete issue and Yang- Mills Gauge field existence and quality gap supposition and so on millennium difficult problem, namely the so-called world's top seven math difficult problems, as well as Hilbert 23 asked some issue wait. 第一梯次,无疑是黎曼猜想、NP完全问题、杨-米尔斯规范场存在性和质量间隔假设之类的千禧年难题,即所谓的世界七大数学难题,以及希尔伯特23问中的部分问题等等。 Once these suspicions were shown, promoted is not only the development of mathematics circles, will have and profound impact on other disciplines and branches. 这些猜想一旦被证明,推动的不仅仅是数学界的发展,对其它学科领域也将产生及其深远的影响。 Second in echelon, naturally is the most visible modern three big math difficult problems, the Goldbach's conjecture, the four-color problem, the Fermat big theorem. And two had been solved, remaining Venerable Chen have achieved „1 + 2”. Moreover, some issue and Hilbert in Langlands program 23 asked that some issues, similarly can arrange to be one of them. 第二梯次,自然是知名度最高的近代三大数学难题,哥德巴赫猜想,四色问题,费马大定理。其中两个已经被解决,剩下的一个陈老先生已经做到了“1+2”。另外,朗兰兹纲领中的部分问题和希尔伯特23问中的部分问题,同样可以排在此列。 Third in echelon, this level suspicion and second discrimination are actually not in echelon obvious, moreover related to the opinion, may have the big difference subjectively. Takes its typical words, Yak suspected that can calculate is one of them. 第三梯次,这一层级的猜想和第二梯次之间的区分其实并不明显,而且涉及到主观上意见,可能会存在较大的分歧。取其典型的话,雅克比猜想可以算在此列。 But proof this level issue, rewards from Fields is not then far, at least can also finish the nomination...... naturally, premise below 40 years old. 而证明这一层级的问题,距离菲尔兹奖便不远了,至少也能获得提名……当然,前提是在四十岁以下。 As for fourth in echelon, Zhou suspected can calculate is one of them, the child issues of all 123 in echelon issues, or some suspicion „weak suspicion”, can force. 至于第四梯次,周氏猜想可以算在此列,一切一二三梯次问题的子问题,或者某个猜想的“弱猜想”,也可以塞进去。 Fifth were in echelon more, suspicion that some unpopular branches of nobody will ask, some unknown mathematician proposed, all enough on fourth suspicion in echelon, cannot be included this in echelon within. 第五梯次就更多了,一些无人问津的冷门分支,某个名不见经传的数学家提出的猜想,一切够不上第四梯次的猜想,都可以被列入这一梯次之内。 If according to this stage division, Polignac suspected that can calculate in third in echelon, but Twin Prime Conjecture is „the K = 1 special form that” Polignac suspects, but considering that the academic value is higher than „the research( Zhou suspicion) to Mersenne Prime Number regularity of distribution”, therefore situated in third in echelon with fourth in echelon, and infinite close to third in echelon one side! 如果按照这种分级方法的话,波利尼亚克猜想可以算在第三梯次,而孪生素数猜想算是波利尼亚克猜想的“K=1特殊形式”,但考虑到学术价值高于“对梅森素数分布规律的研究(周氏猜想)”,所以介于第三梯次与第四梯次之间,且无限靠近第三梯次一侧！ Nomination how no matter the final outcome, by this by the outstanding contribution, 18 years of Fields rewards, Lu Zhou was definitely steady. But he biggest competitor, probably is 13 years of Larmat gold medal winner, „virtue national studies god” Peter G. Schultz, he is challenging famous weight-monodromy to suspect it is said, the progress is unknowable temporarily. 不管最终结果如何,凭借这以卓越贡献,18年菲尔兹奖的提名,陆舟肯定是稳了的。而他最大的竞争对手,大概便是13年拉马努金奖得主,“德国学神”彼得・舒尔茨了,据说他正在挑战著名的weight-monodromy猜想,进度暂不可知。 Naturally, to study of conjecture, but is part in pure mathematics research, but is not complete. Many people have not proven any significant conjecture for a lifetime, but does not hinder him to the contribution that the entire mathematics circles makes. 当然了,对数学猜想的钻研,不过是理论数学研究中的一部分,而并非全部。很多人一辈子也没证明过什么重大的数学猜想,但并不妨碍他对整个数学界做出的贡献。 For example laid the modern algebra Geometry study foundation, and completely changed Venerable Grothendieck of functional analysis this division/discipline appearance, perhaps only this two kinds contribution, is any conjecture is not then able to compare. After all now many conjectures, then base on his „theory to propose generally”. 比如奠定了现代代数几何学基础、并彻底改变了泛函分析这门学科面貌的格罗滕迪克老先生,单是这两样贡献,恐怕便是任何一个数学猜想都无法比拟的。毕竟当今不少数学猜想,便是基于他的“概型理论”而提出的。 Climbs the mathematical the peak, but also has a long way to go. 攀登数学的高峰,还有很长的路要走。 Proof of Twin Prime Conjecture, but leads to a half step in Mount Everest. 孪生素数猜想的证明,不过是通往珠峰上的一小步。 Lu Zhou profoundly clear, own research results, but 8 th asked the replies of some issues to the Hilbert's. 陆舟深刻地清楚,自己的研究成果,不过是对希尔伯特第八问中部分问题的回答。 Although in his heart excitedly, the heart soon jumps out of the chest cavity excitedly, actually not inflation above this. 他的心中虽然激动,激动地心脏快要跳出胸腔,却并没有在此之上的膨胀。 About more many that the world knows, in the head more has the thing more, then more can feel own tiny. 对世界了解的越多,脑袋里装得东西越多,便越是能感觉到自己的渺小。 Actually Lu Zhou is not very clear, actually at this moment the real feelings in oneself heart are anything. However, no matter how he thinks, what is a little certain, his name in the Princeton fire. 其实陆舟也不是很清楚,此时此刻自己心中的真实感想究竟是什么。不过,不管他自己是如何想的,有一点可以肯定的是,他的名字在普林斯顿火了。 Everyone knew. 所有人都知道了。 At yesterday's public lecture, the young fellows from Asia, are in front of audience all public lecture audience, got rid of a world-class conjecture on the spot...... 昨天的报告会上,有一位来自亚洲的小伙子,当着全场所有报告会听众的面,现场干掉了一个世界级的数学猜想…… ...... …… Shook the murky head, crawled from the bed. 晃了晃昏昏沉沉的脑袋,从床上爬了起来。 Opens the door of washroom, sat took a hot bath in the bathtub, exchanged Lu Zhou of new clothes, stood illuminated the photo in front of the mirror. 推开洗手间的门,坐在浴缸里泡了个热水澡,换上新衣服的陆舟,站在镜子面前照了照。 Un, good. 嗯,不错。 Charm as always, what a pity is nothing meat. 还是一如既往的帅气,可惜就是没什么肉。 Yeah, how this eats eats not the fat physique, really makes one puzzle over. 哎,这怎么吃都吃不胖的体质,真让人伤脑筋。 The mirror according to enough, Lu Zhou arrived at the window, pulls open window curtains that had not operated for a long time. 镜子照够了,陆舟走到窗户边上,拉开了许久未开的窗帘。 This thinks, he rests especially comfortably. 这一觉,他睡得格外舒坦。 This was he comes in these days of North America probably, rested most comfortable one time. 这大概是他来北美的这几天里,睡得最舒服的一次。 Just, watches the weather of out of the window, as if no change. 只不过,看窗外的天色,似乎没什么变化。 If not the feeling state of mind good cannot be good, he must suspect actually oneself have rested...... 如果不是感觉精神状态好的不能再好,他都要怀疑自己究竟睡过了没…… The Lu Zhou complexion suddenly changes. 陆舟脸色忽然一变。 wait, what time is it? 等等,现在是几点了？ Looked at time on the cell phone, already 3 : 30! 看了眼手机上的时间,已经三点半了！ Thinks that also the closing ceremony is waiting for itself, Lu Zhou runs the threshold to buddhism to wear the shoes without delay, ran out of out of the door. 想到还有一场闭幕式等着自己,陆舟二话不说跑去玄关穿上鞋子,冲出了门外。 Got down the elevator, across the hall, besides the waiters in hotel, a person has not seen all the way. 下了电梯,穿过大厅,一路上除了酒店的侍者外,一个人都没看到。 In the heart has an ominous premonition, runs up to entrance Lu Zhou, did not run upon one to look down the cell phone Caucasian little elder brother carefully. Explained without enough time, throws sentence „sorry”, he then asks immediately: „The present is the academic conference several day?” 心中有种不祥的预感,跑到门口的陆舟,不小心撞上了一个低头看手机的白人小哥。来不及解释,扔一下句“sorry”,他便立刻问道:“现在是学术会议的第几天？” That small elder brother expression said discontentedly: „Sixth day, Buddy, walks to be careful!” 那小哥表情不满地说道:“第六天,伙计,走路当心点！” Narrow squeak! 好险！ Lu Zhou relaxes. 陆舟松了口气。 It seems like this closing ceremony has not missed finally. 看来这这闭幕式总算是没有错过。 However thinks is also, even if he exploded the liver several evenings, the impossible sleep/felt to rest is so exaggerating for two days and two nights. 不过想想也是,就算他爆肝了几个晚上,也不可能一觉睡个两天两夜那么夸张。 At this moment, the Caucasian little elder brother stared at Lu Zhou to look at for quite a while, suddenly recovered, the eye stared in a big way: „wait, is it possible that are you...... the sauced elbow?” 就在这时,那白人小哥盯着陆舟看了半天,忽然回过神来,眼睛瞪大:“等等,你……莫非是卤肘？” fuck? 卧槽？ Lu Zhou almost spurted his face. 陆舟差点喷了他一脸。 MMP! Also wants to give the sauced me! MMP！还想把我给卤了！ Suffices to be ruthless! 够狠！ Looked at cell phone, possibly confirmed the picture from Twitter, when Caucasian Girton eye one bright, drew Lu Zhou not to let. 看了眼手机,可能是从推特上确认了照片,那白人小哥顿时眼睛一亮,拉着陆舟不让走了。 „Hehe, listening , you are making my graduation thesis discard, you guess what my paper writes is what? I sought for a Lambda function ingeniously, proved exists infinitely many differs to the prime number is smaller than 242, 2 to 246 disparities reduced one step! But yesterday, you not only killed under this only meeting gold/metal egg the hen, but also lets my two months the research results malinger!” “嘿嘿,听着,你让我的毕业论文报废了,你猜我的论文写的是什么？我巧妙的寻找了一个拉姆达函数,证明了存在无穷多对素数相差都小于242,将二到246的差距又缩短了一步！而就在昨天,你不但杀死了这只会下金蛋的母鸡,还让我两个月来的研究成果泡了汤！” Lu Zhou does not know that should say anything, but with looking at the mental illness same look looks at this American, and prepares to beckon to nearby security at any time. 陆舟不知道该说什么,只是用看神经病一样的眼神看着这个美国佬,并随时准备向旁边的保安招手。 However is good because of this little elder brother has not made any extreme action, but is drawing his one. 不过好在这位小哥没有做出什么过激的举动,只是拉着他一顿哔哔而已。 „...... Damn, but does attractively! I guess is also this certificate method, using the method of analysis situs...... I have not just thought that the sieve method can also use. Knows, my name was Callister, in the evening drank one cup together? Looked in you make me delay in the share of graduation, this glass of liquor are you owe me in any event, hey hey, do not run, hey!” “……该死,不过干得漂亮！我猜的也是这种证明方法,运用拓扑学的方法……只不过我没想到筛法还能这么用。认识一下,我叫卡里斯特,晚上一起喝一杯？看在你让我延迟毕业的份上,这杯酒无论如何都是你欠我的,喂喂,别跑啊,嘿！” Lu Zhou does not return, ran decisively. 陆舟头也不回,果断跑了。 ...... …… In the auditorium, is bustling and filled with people. 大礼堂内,人头攒动。 The closing ceremony will soon start, but felt that the person has not most started so many. 闭幕式即将开始,不过感觉人没有最开始那么多了。 Lu Zhou remembers that probably listened to Senior Brother Luo saying that many people attend the academic conference not to treat honestly finally, many people completed oneself report, listens course that oneself want to listen, or talked about the object of being congenial, going out full world wave. 陆舟记得好像听罗师兄说过,很多人参加学术会议并不会老老实实待到最后,很多人做完了自己的报告,听完了自己想听的讲座,或者谈到了志趣相投的对象,就出去满世界浪了。 Lu Zhou looked around everywhere, had not found Senior Brother Luo, actually saw an unexpected person, that named Indian little elder brother who lets. 陆舟四处张望了下,没找到罗师兄,却看到了一个意料之外的人,那个叫迪让的印度小哥。 Surprising, haven't this goods walked unexpectedly? 令人惊讶,这货竟然还没走？ Resistant to compression ability such strong? 抗压能力这么强的吗？ Notices the line of sight of Lu Zhou, this Indian little elder brother has not said anything, but responded to a complaint full curry supercilious look, then looked to one side no longer managed him. 注意到陆舟的视线,这位印度小哥也没有说什么,只是回应了一记怨念十足的咖喱式白眼,便看向了一边不再理他。 Lu Zhou made a helpless expression. 陆舟做了个无奈的表情。 If he quotes the research results that others had not published, under he actually small guilt, but this...... this pot cannot arrive on him. 如果他引用了别人未发表的研究成果,他倒是会小小的愧疚下,但这位……这口锅怎么也到不了他头上。 The closing ceremony started. 闭幕式开始了。 In hall quick peaceful. 大厅内很快安静了下来。 After a while, seems like not credible old man, is leaning on a black walking stick, sluggish mounting the platform. 过了一会儿,一位看上去不怎么靠谱的老头,拄着一根黑色的拐杖,慢吞吞的走上了讲台。 Francis, this federal math learned president, is the International Mathematical Union member. 弗朗西斯,这一届联邦数学学会主席,同时也是国际数学家联盟的成员。 Reason that said that he seems like not credible, because of his sluggish movement, is always worrying he to be able in the speech to fall asleep suddenly , on the stair throws down. 之所以说他看起来不怎么靠谱,因为他那慢吞吞的动作,总让人担心他会不会在讲话的时候突然睡着,或者在上台阶的时候摔倒。 „Under introduced oneself, Francis, other also had no introduction...... said again, the young fellows should also not be impatient, made us start directly.” Old person kind smiling of, said. “自我介绍下,弗朗西斯,别的也没什么好介绍的……再说下去,小伙子们也该不耐烦了,就让我们直接开始吧。”老人和蔼的笑了笑,说道。 The people under stage also followed to smile well-meaning, delivered the applause of encouragement. 台下的人们也跟着善意地笑了笑,送上了鼓励的掌声。 The old person pushed the eyeglasses, turned one page the speech, is reading broken. 老人推了推眼镜,将演讲稿翻了一页,碎碎念着。 „First, thanked attended this mathematical exchange conference, thanked Parker Corporation and Amazon Group very much...... and other support of enterprise. Regardless of how lofty enterprise, without the help of good people, our enterprises has no way forward......” “首先,非常感谢诸位参加这场数学交流会议,也很感谢派克公司、亚马逊集团……等企业的赞助。无论多么崇高的事业,没有好人们的帮助,我们的事业就没法向前……” „...... In front of the great enterprise, the work that we do is the same, does not divide the height in any case, even if your conclusion temporary errors, even if you encountered the blistering rebuttal, does not mean that you are not very outstanding. Is happen to opposite, stands you here, has compared in the world 99% people to have the courage, has the talent. Hopes next year this time, but can also see your full of vigor and vitality young fellow little misses...... naturally, welcome with my same bad old man, forever welcome.” “……在伟大的事业面前,我们所做的工作都是一样的,不分高低贵贱,哪怕你们的结论暂时错误,哪怕你们遭到了言辞激烈的反驳,也并不意味着你们就不够优秀。正好相反,站在这里的你们,已经比世界上百分之九十九的人更有勇气,更有才华。希望明年的这个时候,还能见到你们这些朝气蓬勃的小伙子小姑娘们……当然,和我一样的糟老头子也欢迎,永远欢迎。” „In the evening also has a party......” “晚上还有一场派对……” „Right, the most essential matter almost forgot.” The old person pushed the eyeglasses, the apology smiles, clears throat , to continue saying that the certificate that by Amazon Group supports 10,000 US dollars bonus and federal that math learned „the best youth sender of this academic exchanges conference, will be obtained issues...... the winner is Lu Zhou. Probably no suspense? I think that does not keep guessing.” “对了,最关键的事差点忘了。”老人推了推眼镜,略带歉意地笑了笑,清了清嗓子,继续说道,“本届学术交流会议的最佳青年报告者,将获得由亚马逊集团赞助的一万美元奖金和联邦数学学会颁发的证书……获奖人是陆舟。好像没什么悬念？我想了想就不卖关子了。” The walking stick made an effort to stamp the wood floor, Venerable Francis braced oneself, to everyone who under the stage waited, said with a smile. 拐杖用力跺了跺木地板,弗朗西斯老先生提起精神,面向台下翘首以盼的所有人,笑着说道。 „That, played happiness!” “那么,玩的开心！” „Moreover, the champion is Philadelphia Eagles!”( Super Bowl) “另外,冠军属于费城老鹰！”(超级碗) The young people under stage blew the whistling. 台下的年轻人吹起了口哨。 At slating applause and in the relaxed atmosphere, this academic conference successfully drew to a close. 在雷鸣般的掌声和轻松的氛围中,这场学术会议圆满落下了帷幕。