New York, this US biggest city, after the war becomes livelier. Since 1865, the US economy started the restorative growth, everyone's day as if all of a sudden good. 纽约,这座美国最大的城市,战后变得更加繁华。从1865年开始,美国经济开始恢复性增长,大家的日子仿佛一下子就好了起来。 Naturally, this is only an misconception. Some contrasts have the happy feeling, compared in time of war, the present life truly enhanced. 当然,这只是一个错觉。有对比才有幸福感,和战争时期相比,现在的生活确实提高了很多。 US rich resources, because the reason of war causes the population to reduce massively, particularly the young loss is biggest. 美国资源丰富,因为战争的缘故导致人口大量减少,尤其是青壮损失最大。 By influence of relation of market supply and demand, to obtain the sufficient labor force, the capitalists have to introduction inexpensive black person labor, improves the wages and benefits to keep hold of the old worker. 受市场供求关系的影响,为了获得足够的劳动力,资本家们不得不一面引进廉价的黑人劳工,一面提高工资待遇挽留原来的工人。 Increase of income, making the social contradiction obtain relaxing. Today is in the weekend, Tom girlfriend Ellina went out to play. 收入的增加,让社会矛盾得到了缓和。今天是周末,汤姆约了女友艾琳娜出去玩。 „Tom, did you have the discovery recent commodity to be cheaper. A skirt that I settled on last month, now the price drops unexpectedly second half.” “汤姆,你有没有发现最近的商品便宜了很多。我上个月看中的一条裙子,现在价格居然下降了下半。” Tom's worried saying: „Sorry, dear. Our this month budget have all spent, or and other next week paid out the wages?” 汤姆苦恼的说道:“抱歉,亲爱的。我们这个月的预算已经花完了,要不等下个星期发工资？” By the US culture influence, the custom that the young people have not saved money. As one in moonlight clan, Tom in sending the half a month care price after wages. 受美国文化影响,年轻人可没有存钱的习惯。作为月光族中的一员,汤姆只是在发工资后的半个月关心物价。 Besides leaving behind money of life, his wages are most also support half a month. This is he works well, is an honorable securities company employee, can be of middle class reluctantly. 除了留下生活的钱外,他的工资最多也就支撑半个月。这还是他工作不错,是一名光荣的证券公司雇员,勉强可以算是中产阶级的一员。 New York this city, is not only a heaven, is the hell. 纽约这座城市,既是天堂,也是地狱。 Here only suits the rich man to live, the poor person best do not go out. Otherwise experience are more, the day even more is sad. 这里只适合有钱人生活,穷人最好还是不要出门。不然见识的越多,日子就越发难过。 Looks in Franklin's face, Ellina nods. Without the means that the income is limited , if not plan carefully, does not go on living in New York this city. 看在富兰克林的面子上,艾琳娜点了点头。没办法,收入有限如果不精打细算,在纽约这座城市是活不下去的。 Did not strive for well, but strove for expensively, was New York of this age. The entire US price highest area, or is the entire world price highest area. 不求最好,但求最贵,就是这个年代的纽约。全美国物价最高的地区,或者说是全世界物价最高的地区。 Is being strolled, the Tom complexion was gradually cloudy. The advertisement of discount promotion sale everywhere is, from the clothing shoes and socks, to the mechanical device, is almost the wiping away tears big markdown sale. 在闲逛中,汤姆脸色逐渐阴沉了下来。打折促销的广告遍地都是,小到服装鞋袜,大到机械设备,几乎都是挥泪大甩卖。 As an outstanding student who graduates from Columbia University, is engaged in the financial work, Tom must be especially more sensitive to the economy. 作为一名毕业于哥伦比亚大学的高材生,又在从事金融工作,汤姆对经济要格外敏感一些。 This large-scale price reduction, making him perceive that was not right. Do not look the person who now rushes to purchase are many, but the market total demand has not changed. 这种大规模的减价,让他觉察到了不对劲。不要看现在抢购的人很多,可是市场总需求没有变。 Present rushing to purchase, will be equivalent is paying in advance the future purchasing power. Is good has the tradition of moonlight clan because of the US, has not spent ahead of time, that is the credit card has not been born. 现在的抢购,相当于在预支未来的购买力。好在美国有月光族的传统,没有提前消费,那是信用卡没有诞生。 It is not the capitalists is benevolent, is mainly the technology does not attain a designated standard. Could not play such big on thing, otherwise has advocated the runahead consumption. 不是资本家们仁慈,主要是技术不达标。玩儿不了这么高大上的东西,不然早就提倡超前消费了。 Tom smiles bitterly was saying: „Ellina, it seems like we must prepare the hard times.” 汤姆苦笑着说道:“艾琳娜,看来我们要准备过苦日子了。” He can detect the issue, upper-level won't the capitalist be able to discover? Any economic crisis, has the omen beforehand. 他都能够察觉到问题,更上层的资本家会发现不了么？任何经济危机,事先都是有预兆的。 Almost every economic crisis, stands in the capital peak financial group gains greatly gains especially. If they owed, either is too stupid, was been cloudy by the opponent ; Either is too corrupt, wants to gain completely last Franklin. 几乎每一次经济危机,站在资本顶峰的财团都是大赚特赚。如果他们亏了,要么是太蠢,被对手阴了;要么就是太贪,想要赚尽最后一张富兰克林。 Asking of Ellina surprise: „What's the matter, were you unemployed?” 艾琳娜诧异的问道:“怎么回事,难道你失业了？” „No, but was also quick.” Tom replied “没有,不过也要快了。”汤姆回答道 Ellina comforts saying: „Doesn't matter, by your ability, looks for a work is very easy again. At the worst starting from next month, we cuts the expenditure.” 艾琳娜安慰道:“没有关系,以你的能力,再找一份工作也很容易。大不了从下个月开始,我们削减开支。” ...... …… When two people discussed that the market has fed back the final end manufacturing enterprise. Was benefitted the cheap goods impact by Austria, the product won't sells of many enterprise. 就在两人商议的时候,市场已经反馈到了最终端的生产企业。受奥地利廉价商品冲击,很多企业的产品都卖不动了。 Britain had matter of economic crisis, the general public do not know, but in the capitalist circle is actually not the secret. 英国发生了经济危机的事情,普通民众不知道,可是在资本家圈子里却不是什么秘密。 ...... …… In the Citibank executive council, president James said: „, According to us collects the information, recently the ships number of Austria benefitting rapidly increased, transports the industry and commerce product. 花旗银行行政会议上,总裁詹姆斯说道:“诸位,根据我们搜集情报,最近从奥地利过来的船舶数量急剧增加,都是运送工商业产品的。 From toothbrush, screw and nail, to mechanical device. Almost related to various trades and occupations, without a doubt this is dumping. 小到牙刷、螺丝、钉子,大到机械设备。几乎涉及到了各行各业,毫无疑问这是一次倾销。 Not is only Austria is altruistic is acting, the English has not been idling. This started from London, comes the ships quantity of US to increase for three points one. 不光是奥地利人在行动,英国人也没有闲着。这个从伦敦出发,前来美国的船舶数量增加了三分一。 The English also to our dumped goods, this to us are not being a good deed. Our customer, facing the price war that they start, radically strength of the passivity. 英国人也在向我们倾销商品,这对我们来说可不是一件好事。我们的客户,面对他们掀起的价格战,根本就毫无抵抗之力。 Or overwhelming majority US Enterprises, do not have the strength of resistance. Therefore we must take action, how long massive bad accounts otherwise could not want, will appear. ” 或者说,绝大部分美国企业,都没有抵抗之力。所以我们必须要采取行动,不然要不了多久大量的坏账,就会出现。” Citibank is the Wall Street most ancient bank, now is also not Citigroup Financial group of later generation that jumbo. The key business of bank is not the munitions, but makes loans with the stock exchange. 花旗银行是华尔街最古老的银行,现在还不是后世那个巨无霸的花旗财团。银行的主要业务也不是军火,而是放贷和金融证券。 This age, the US war industry scale is very small, the international weapons exports market was monopolized by the European big powers, peace age these industries cannot raise a bank. 这个年代,美国军工业规模很小,国际武器出口市场又被欧洲列强垄断了,和平年代这些产业是养不起一家银行的。 Now the relation of Citibank and military enterprise, is the commercial loan, did not have the direct investment. Now came across the crisis, the bank naturally must first protect oneself. 现在花旗银行和军工企业的联系,也就是商业贷款,还没有直接投资。现在遇到了危机,银行自然要先自保了。 Stock Dongba Bouneau asked: „Does Mr. James, how you plan to do? To promote Congress to legislate, raises the tariff, limits the external commodity to enter a country, perhaps already without enough time.” 股东巴布诺问道:“詹姆斯先生,你打算怎么做？想要推动国会立法,提高关税,限制外来商品入境,恐怕已经来不及了。” Taking action to be inevitable, this is the sequela that the civil war has. While meddling the US civil war, the UK , France Austria Xisi country also opened the market of US. 采取行动是必然的,这是内战留下来的后遗症。在插手美国内战的同时,英法奥西四国也打开了美国的市场。 To enhance the tariff protection market, naturally is not that simple. This is also Austria benefits the commodity to be able in the US the reason that conducts fast dumping, without the tariff restriction, the inexpensive price becomes goes smoothly everywhere. 想要提高关税保护市场,自然不是那么简单。这也是奥地利商品能够在美国进行快速倾销的原因,没有关税限制,低廉的价格就变得无往不利。 The one who most made one have a headache, these industry and commerce products were low-priced, surpassed the US commodity in various aspect performance not only. 最令人头疼的是,这些工商业产品不光是价格低廉,就连在各方面性能上也超过了美国商品。 This age US industry and commerce product is the synonym of knockoff and inferior goods, compared with the import commodity, they can only by seize the market inexpensive. 这个年代美国工商业产品一直都是山寨、劣质货的代名词,比起进口商品,他们只能靠廉价抢占市场。 Now on the tragedy, Austria benefitted the commodity to start the wiping away tears big markdown sale, the English also followed carries out the discount promotion sale, the cold winter of US manufacturing industry arrives. 现在就悲剧了,奥地利商品开始挥泪大甩卖,英国人也紧随其后搞打折促销,美国本土制造业的寒冬降临了。 James shakes the head saying: „ Of course not, we are not the Savior. The economic crisis eruption is inevitable, even if raises the tariff, the protection market is still the same. 詹姆斯摇了摇头说:“当然不是,我们又不是救世主。经济危机爆发已经不可避免,就算是提高关税,保护市场也一样。 Now what we must do is the stop-loss, as well as gains one in this crisis. I want the board of directors to be authorized, temporarily terminates lends the loan outward. 现在我们要做的是止损,以及在这次危机中赚上一笔。我要董事会授权,暂时终止对外发放贷款。 Very risky loan, I also prepare to send people to receive after dunning ahead of time. Simultaneously undersells in the hand most negotiable securities and stocks, the bank reassigns the specialized strategist, prepares to short the stock market. ” 风险大的贷款,我也准备提前派人催收。同时抛售手中大部分的有价证券、股票,银行抽调专业操盘手,准备做空股市。” This is not the bailout, but must hit a person when he is down. However is not the key point, so long as can make money on the line. 这不是救市,而是要落井下石。不过都不是重点,只要能够赚钱就行了。 The qualified capitalist, the profit always places the first health/guard. The conscience and social responsibilities, these big on glossaries said that was good, if who took seriously that to be silly. 合格的资本家,利润始终放在首卫。良知、社会责任感,这些高大上的词汇说说就行了,谁要是当真那就傻了。 Especially in the 19 th century, this capital bloodiest age, each Franklin's back stained the blood and perspiration. 尤其是在19世纪,这个资本最血腥的年代,每一张富兰克林的背后都沾满了血与汗。 Has nothing to discuss the time, shuffling arrived. Before resisting the European capital invades, must first guarantee oneself go on living. 没有什么好商量的,洗牌的时间又到了。在抵抗欧洲资本入侵前,必须要先保证自己活下去。 In the previous economic crisis the matter, everyone also comes clearly into view. Is hesitant underprepared, in the hand the insufficient cash, the US presented crazed money Huang, Citibank nearly went bankrupt. 上一次经济危机中发生的事情,大家还历历在目。犹豫准备不足,手中缺乏足够的现金,美国出现了丧心病狂的钱慌,花旗银行都差点儿破产。 With the development of capitalist economy, the economic crisis looks like nothing out of the ordinary more and more. Initial time is dozens years one time, behind turned for more than ten years one time, immediately must turn for several years a time. 随着资本主义经济的发展,经济危机越来越像家常便饭。最初的时候还是几十年一次,后面变成了十几年一次,马上就要变成几年一次了。 The financial capitalist who makes the similar choice are many, the benefit front does not have the tender feeling. In the age of this law of the jungle, everyone must survive, is not ruthless is not good. 做出同样选择的金融资本家很多,利益面前没有温情。在这个弱肉强食的年代,大家要生存下去,不狠都不行。 The bank cut back the money market, quick triggered the chain-reaction. Many enterprises were bogged down in difficulties, including some well-performing enterprises, because of the funding chain break, fell into the life and death. 银行收缩银根,很快就引发了连锁反应。很多企业都陷入了困境,包括一些效益良好的企业,也因为资金链断裂,陷入了生死存亡中。 The flash lays off, production cut, becomes the US most popular glossary. Main street and small alley flood the person who must look for the work, however enterprise actually few of hiring. The post-war economy of just starting was prosperous, died directly. 一瞬间裁员、减产,成为美国社会最热门的词汇。大街小巷充斥着要找工作的人,然而招人的企业却没有几家。刚刚开始的战后经济繁荣,直接就这么夭折了。 Not is only the US, the same matter performs in the world many places. Austria benefits first step opens the powerful family, shifted the economic crisis. 不光是美国,同样的事情在全世界很多地方上演。奥地利只是抢先一步打开门阀,把经济危机转移了出去。 The action of English, drags to launch the entire world directly. The world's largest industrialized country , is also the entire world commodity piles up the most serious country. 紧接着英国人的行动,直接把全世界都拖下了水。世界第一大工业国,同样也是全世界商品积压最严重的国家。 English capitalist to survive, directly to continental Europe dumped goods. 英国人资本家为了生存,直接向欧洲大陆倾销商品。 First met with a disaster is France, a lot of British textile product by the white vegetable price input, the Paris government raises the tariff unable to block over and over. 首先遭殃的就是法国,大量的英国纺织产品以白菜价输入,巴黎政府再三提高关税都没有能够挡住。 Without the means that this Austria benefits first begins, to economical relatively backward country dumped goods. Waits for the English to respond the time , the market purchasing power has consumed was similar. 没有办法,这次奥地利先动手,向经济相对落后的国家倾销商品。等英国人反应过来的时候,市场购买力已经消耗的差不多了。 These countries had no industry, the dumping manufactured products do not impact the agricultural economy, even many people still to buy the bargain-priced goods rejoiced. 这些国家本来就没有啥工业,倾销工业产品也冲击不到农业经济,甚至很多人还在为买到便宜货而庆幸。 The European countries were different, everyone's industry started. Commodity dumping of English, has seriously affected the economy of various countries. Don't even go there, played the tariff firewall. 欧洲各国就不一样了,大家的工业都起步了。英国人的商品倾销,已经严重影响到了各国的经济。没有什么好说的,纷纷玩儿起了关税防火墙。 The crisis magnified in continental Europe, including the Austria advantage, who does not have the means to cultivate one's own moral worth, every day has massive enterprise bankruptcies. 危机在欧洲大陆扩大化了,包括奥地利在内,谁没有办法独善其身,每天都有大量的企业破产。 Under the function of tariff, everyone's international market suddenly in atrophy. The colonial empire is good, at least has the colony flood discharge, can ease the crisis. 在关税的作用下,大家的国际市场都在急剧萎缩中。殖民帝国还好,至少有殖民地泄洪,能够缓解危机。 Without the country of colony was miserable, for example: Belgium, this industrial cockroach was damaged. Without the overseas market, the industrial capacity of Belgium cut in two at the waist in 1868 directly. 没有殖民地的国家就惨了,比如说:比利时,这个工业小强就遭到了重创。没有了海外市场,比利时的工业产能在1868年直接腰斩。 Just got rid of independent Poland, cannot escape. Without Russian Empire this big market, the Polish frail industrial system, dropped down in the first wave of impact. 刚刚摆脱独立的波兰,也没有能够逃过一劫。没有了俄罗斯帝国这个大市场,波兰脆弱的工业体系,在第一波冲击中就倒下了。 The agricultural export, cannot escape. Originally was affected by the economic crisis, the international grain price falls suddenly. 就连农产品出口,都没能逃过一劫。本来受经济危机影响,国际粮食价格就暴跌。 In addition they do not have the estuary, increased the tariff cost, directly caused the agricultural product of Poland to lose the competitiveness. 加上他们自己没有出海口,增加了关税成本,直接导致波兰的农产品丧失了竞争力。 This makes contradictory numerous relate, becomes complication. The Poles even more hate the Prussia kingdom, levies additional taxes the tariff to their agricultural product. 这让本就矛盾重重的普波关系,变得更加复杂化。波兰人越发痛恨普鲁士王国,对他们农产品加征关税。 In fact the Prussia kingdom is also unable to defend oneself, cannot attend to the Pole. After the economic crisis breaks out, the English has not let off their little brothers. 实际上普鲁士王国也是自身难保,根本就顾不上波兰人。经济危机爆发后,英国人也没有放过他们这个小弟。 A lot of British commodities sweep across to come, the Prussia kingdom frail industry was damaged, massive enterprise bankruptcies, the unemployment population rapidly increases. 大量的英国商品席卷而来,普鲁士王国脆弱的工业遭到了重创,大量的企业破产,失业人口急剧增加。 The industry suffered the heavy losses, the agriculture naturally must preserve. Ruling, but the Junker aristocrat, the benefit of social class must first maintain. 工业受到了重创,农业自然要保住了。执政的可是容克贵族,阶级的利益必须要首先维护。 After Prussia war, the Prussia kingdom obtained a lot of lands, by the grain importer, turned into the grain exporter directly. 普俄战争后,普鲁士王国获得了大量的土地,直接由粮食进口国,变成了粮食出口国。 On the grain export, both countries have become the competitor. Is good in everyone just ended shortly after the war, the food production has not restored to the peak, before everyone's competition was not fierce. 在粮食出口上,普波两国已经成为了竞争对手。好在大家都是刚刚结束战争不久,粮食生产没有恢复到巅峰时期,之前大家的竞争不算激烈。 This type of contradiction, by 1868 the fall harvest, the situation changed. Is the economic crisis most violent period, the people purchasing power drops, the international grain price fell 28. 这种矛盾,到了1868年秋收,情况就发生了转变。恰好是经济危机最猛烈的时期,民众们购买力下降,国际粮食价格下跌了28。 European major grain exporters in hard times, the Berlin government that to ensure their benefit, the Junker aristocrats lead, has to use the tariff restriction Poland grain export. 欧洲各大粮食出口国都在过苦日子,为了保证自身的利益,容克贵族们主导的柏林政府,不得不用关税限制波兰粮食出口。 This all does not blame the Berlin government, who lets the Polish capitalist, directly grain toward Prussia kingdom interior dumping? 这也不全怪柏林政府,谁让波兰资本家,直接把粮食往普鲁士王国内部倾销呢？ The initial two governments agreed Poland Farm product unable in Prussia to sell. Restraint between this governments, is unable to limit the capitalist obviously. 最初两国政府可是约定了波兰农场产品不能在普鲁士销售。这种政府之间的约束,显然无法限制住资本家。 Saw that the Prussia kingdom grain price is high, in the face of the benefit, the capitalists naturally could not bear. 看到普鲁士王国粮食价格高,在利益面前,资本家们自然忍不住了。 At first they in transportation on the way, sells to people along the way secretly a little, the quantity are not many have not caused everyone to attach great importance. Afterward the business got bigger and bigger, could not cover up the eruption until the cover. 最初他们只是在运输的途中,偷偷向沿途的民众卖一点儿,数量不多也没有引起大家重视。后来生意越做越大,直到盖子掩不住了爆发。 In front of the benefit did not have the tender feeling, the Junker aristocrats who the benefit was damaged to make, where the Berlin government naturally knew this/should stand. After the negotiation is fruitless, offered a sacrifice to the tariff big move directly. 利益面前没有温情,利益受损的容克贵族们闹了起来,柏林政府自然知道该站哪边。在交涉无果后,直接祭出了关税大招。