Does not have the means to convince Massimi even/including Nuo, Franz threw into another two younger brothers the military compound directly, carries out the enclosed education. Perhaps accepted the lesson, this meets Sophie empress dowager not to meddle. 没有办法说服马西米连诺,弗朗茨直接把另外两个弟弟扔进了军营中,进行封闭式教育。或许是接受了教训,这会苏菲皇太后没有插手。 Before Franz succeeds to the throne, the Austrian army is the place that the aristocrat playboys are gold-plated. Now the Austrian army similarly is destination of the playboys, but is not gold-plated, but experiences one day like a year. 在弗朗茨继位之前,奥地利军队一直都是贵族纨绔子弟镀金的地方。现在奥地利军队同样是纨绔子弟们的去处,不过不在是镀金,而是度日如年。 The enclosed management did not say that once enters the military compound with the life farewell of city debauchery, daily grips in the Alps trains. 封闭式管理就不说了,一旦进入军营就和城市灯红酒绿的生活告别,天天扎在阿尔卑斯山脉里面训练。 Because of the strict control system, many families regarded the school of education next generation the army, enlivened also drops the record low in the playboys quantity of Vienna. 因为严格的管理制度,很多家族都把军队当成了教育下一代的学校,活跃在维也纳的纨绔子弟数量也下降到了历史最低点。 Legal performing military service time also two years, relations that because the population grows, usually ordinary soldier serve after a year, can retire to go home to change over to the reserve duty. 法定服兵役时间也就两年,因为人口增长的关系,通常普通士兵服役一年过后,就可以退役回家转入预备役。 The children of the nobility are an exception, their service years are 3 years start. Trains the time of military officer, be ordinary the time that the soldier spends more than training, the active time is naturally longer. 贵族子弟是一个例外,他们的服役年限是三年起步。培养军官的时间,要比培养普通士兵花的时间多,服役时间自然更长。 The aristocrat military officer's training, is stricter than the ordinary soldier, training the subject must be much more. Usually the first year is the Alps, or was Balkan Mountains passed. 贵族军官的训练,比普通士兵更加严格,训练科目也要多得多。通常第一年就是阿尔卑斯山脉,或者是巴尔干山脉度过。 Every day trains tired half dead, naturally did not have the energy to let one's thoughts wander. The time grew, many bad problems will change in the army. 每天训练都累个半死,自然没有精力乱想了。时间长了,很多坏毛病都会在军队中改掉。 Originally Massimi even/including Nuo and Franz only differ one year old, the military system reforms time he has completed the gold-plating, becomes a naval officer, missed the opportunity of this polish. 本来马西米连诺和弗朗茨只相差一岁多,军制改革的时候他已经完成了镀金,成为了一名海军军官,错过了这个打磨的机会。 Because trains too bitterly, all year round cannot go a home. Loves their kids Sophie empress dowager to request Franz to open the back door to be unsuccessful, towed. 因为训练太苦,一年到头都回不了一次家。爱子心切的苏菲皇太后要求弗朗茨开后门未果,就拖了下来。 Is good has the tradition of performing military service because of the German area aristocrat, has not entered the aristocrat of army service, is unable to base in the society. 好在德意志地区贵族有服兵役的传统,没有进入过军队服役的贵族,根本无法在社会上立足。 Therefore Sophie empress dowager at most can delay the time, does not dare really to make two little fellows hide the military service. 所以苏菲皇太后最多也只能拖延时间,不敢真的让两个小家伙躲兵役。 The special details can refer, every year has several playboys to tie up by the family member is feeding in the military compound, occasionally will also appear cries to imitate the scene, if parting forever. 具体情况可以参考,每年都有几个纨绔子弟被家里人绑着送进军营,偶尔还会出现哭哭啼啼仿若生离死别的场面。 Naturally, such scene appears in the emerging aristocrat mostly. This also by the reason that the established aristocrat despises, is considered as does not have manifestation of education. 当然,这样的场面大都是出现在新兴贵族中。这也是被老牌贵族鄙视的原因,被认为是没有教养的体现。 To a certain extent, Franz's military system reform also depended upon the traditional strength. 某种程度上来说,弗朗茨的军制改革也依靠了传统的力量。 Although Austria has not arrived at Prussia that army to have the situation in country, but the senior government officials also walk mostly from the army. 奥地利虽然没有到普鲁士那种军队拥有国家的地步,可是政府高层也大都是从军队中走出来的。 If some place needed the limit to mobilize, the government officials can also the second change the military officer, in the shortest time formed the army. 如果某一个地方需要极限动员了,政府官员也可以秒变军官,在最短的时间内组成军队。 Because of the aristocrat glorious relations, does not have any aristocrat seeks vengeance the training is too bitter in front of Franz, this point made him very satisfied. 因为贵族荣耀的关系,没有任何一个贵族在弗朗茨面前报怨过训练太苦,这一点令他非常满意。 The rights and obligations are coordinated, if refuses to fulfill including own duty, then this social class really degenerated. 权利与义务对等,如果连自己的义务都拒绝履行,那么这个阶级就真的堕落了。 According to the statistics of Ministry of Defence, the proportion that the Austrian children of the nobility performed military service surpassed 95%, the remaining that were the physical defect and congenitally deficient, without the means entered the army service. 按照国防部的统计,奥地利贵族子弟服兵役的比例超过了百分之九十五,剩下的那都是身体缺陷、先天不足,没有办法进入军队服役。 Before the military system reforms this data is 100%, the cultural tradition of German area takes pride in becoming a soldier, now this fine tradition is naturally retained. 在军制改革前这个数据是百分之百,德意志地区的文化传统就是以当兵为荣耀,现在这一优良传统自然被保留了下来。 From the compulsory education stage, has the basic military training class. Without the area of condition is only the formation training and long-distance race, but the aristocratic school is the reprint junior military academy. 从义务教育阶段开始,都有基础军事训练课。没有条件的地区只是队列训练和长跑,而贵族学校就是翻版的少年军校。 St. Petersburg 圣彼得堡 Underwent the struggle of several years time, the reformist crushed the conservative faction to get the winning side finally. On March 25 , 1863, Alexander II signed and issued «about Being separated from Serf Attaches to Relational Farmer General Law». 经过了数年时间的斗争,改革派终于压倒了保守派占据了上风。1863年3月25日,亚历山大二世签发了《关于脱离农奴依附关系的农民一般法令》。 Stipulated: Abolishes the serfdom, the serf obtains the freeman status, has the personal freedom and general civil rights, including having the right to have the property, taking the post of the public service conducts the lawsuit and is engaged in the industry and commerce. 规定:废除农奴制,农奴获得自由民身份,有人身自由和一般公民权,包括有权拥有财产、担任公职进行诉讼和从事工商业。 In the entire land belongs to under landlord all premises, the farmer can use the certain amount of share place, but must to the landlord payment ransom money. 在全部土地归地主所有的前提下,农民可以使用一定数量的份地,但必须向地主缴纳赎金。 The farmers before signing buys off the contract, but must for the landlord take the service or the payment quitrent. 农民在签订赎买契约之前,还要为地主服劳役或缴纳代役租。 Obviously, the reform of Russian is imperfect, this land buys off the gold/metal is the landlord is definite, far exceeded the current price on market of land, even some place also tall passed/lived several times of market price. 显然,俄国人的这次改革是不完善的,这个土地赎买金是地主确定的,远超过了土地的市场价,甚至有的地方还高过了市价的数倍。 The soaring land buys off the price, left the hidden troubles to the future social conflict. In fact in the determination buys off after the price, many places had the conflict. 高昂的土地赎买价格,又给未来的社会冲突埋下了隐患。实际上在确定赎买价格过后,很多地方都发生了冲突。 Alexander II also has a headache, on the one hand he wants to carry out more radical social reform, making Russian Empire enter the capitalist society fast ; On the other hand he is not willing with having the aristocrats of land breaks off. 亚历山大二世也非常头疼,一方面他想要进行更加彻底的社会改革,使俄罗斯帝国快速进入资本主义社会;另一方面他又不愿意和拥有土地的贵族们决裂。 „Landlord” and „landlord” also has the difference, landlord of Russian Empire is an aristocrat, the ordinary freemen rarely have the land. “地主”和“地主”也是有差别的,俄罗斯帝国的地主那就是贵族,普通自由民都很少拥有土地。 Now carries out the social reform, will obviously infringe the benefit of upper crust. Rules the aristocrats in this country naturally not to want, they want to pass the burden the loss. 现在进行社会改革,显然会损害到贵族阶级的利益。统治这个国家的贵族们自然不愿意了,他们想要把损失转嫁出去。 Not only this is the will of conservative faction, many people including the reformist also prepared to sacrifice the interests of farmer, received in exchange for the success of this social reform. 这不光是保守派的意志,包括改革派中很多人也准备牺牲农民的利益,换取这次社会改革的成功。 After as for does, the social contradiction that possibly brings, had been neglected by them, can't really shear own meat? 至于这么干过后,可能带来的社会矛盾,已经被他们忽略了,总不能真的去割自己的肉吧？ Police service minister family/home Rhinow Vyse said in a low voice: „Your majesty, the home altogether had 38 serf rebellions last month, had been suppressed completely.” 警务大臣家里诺夫维斯低声说道:“陛下,上个月国内一共发生了38次农奴暴动,已经全部被镇压了下去。” The serf rebellion in Russian Empire is not the news, if did not erupt that year several times, that is the news. 农奴暴动在俄罗斯帝国已经不是什么新闻了,如果那一年不爆发几次,那才是新闻。 But one month erupts dozens times, Alexander II felt the pressure. The waste slave bill signed and issued, but this reform cannot make the serfs satisfy. 可是一个月爆发几十次,亚历山大二世还是感受到了压力。废奴法案签发了,可是这次改革并不能令农奴们满意。 The Revolutionary Party member has not been idling, they agitate the serf getting up revolution, declared: So long as overthrew the czar government, everyone has probably the land free. 革命党人也没有闲着,他们鼓动农奴起来革命,宣称:只要推翻了沙皇政府,大家就可能免费拥有土地。 The liberals are not radical, they have not at least prepared to promote the czar. The liberal thinks that should release the law to price the land by the government, cannot, whatever the aristocrat exploits the farmer. 自由主义者们没那么激进,至少他们没准备推动沙皇。自由主义者认为应该由政府出台法律对土地进行定价,不能任由贵族盘剥农民。 At present the domestic serf rebellion, is these two schools does mostly. 目前国内的农奴暴动,大都是这两派搞出来的。 Alexander II said: „Continued to take strict precautions, the critical moment cannot make them make the trouble now, destroyed this reform.” 亚历山大二世说道:“继续严加戒备,现在关键时刻不能让他们闹出了乱子,破坏了这次改革。” „Yes, your majesty!” The police service minister quickly replied “是,陛下！”警务大臣急忙回答道 The Near East war Russian won luckily, sealed to enjoy the opportunity of hero using the victory, Nicholas I liberated a group of serfs. 幸好近东战争俄国人打赢了,利用战争胜利封赏功臣的机会,尼古拉一世解放了一批农奴。 These people now are the main forces of czar army, although situated in the army floor, may want these people loyal to the czar mostly, then Russian Empire is still Russia of czar. 这些人现在是沙皇军队的主要力量,尽管大都是处于军队底层,可只要这些人忠于沙皇,那么俄罗斯帝国依然是沙皇的俄罗斯。 Otherwise by the aristocrats of alerting the enemy, has been possible not to compromise to the czar easily, the conservative faction strength of Russia is Europe is all along strongest. 不然早就被打草惊蛇的贵族们,可没有这么容易就向沙皇妥协,俄罗斯的保守派力量一贯都是欧洲最强大的。 This abolishes the serfdom to be different in the rebellion with Austria everywhere. At that time the Austrian aristocrats were scared by the revolution, looks that each family aristocrat exterminated an entire family, when for fear that was one's turn itself, has to agree to abolish the serfdom. 这和奥地利在遍地叛乱中废除农奴制不一样。当时奥地利贵族是被革命吓着了,看着一家家贵族被灭门,生怕什么时候就轮到了自己,不得不同意废除农奴制。 In the face of the survival, everyone's expectation at heart naturally reduced. The land price cuts a blade downward, cut, to save lives and properties, everyone has to choose the compromise. 在生存面前,大家的心里预期自然降低了。土地价格往下砍一刀,也就砍了,为了保住身家性命,大家不得不选择妥协。 Now czar the aristocrats may be unable to feel the survival pressure. Although Russia had the serf rebellion, but these are inadequate the scale. Without the pressure, everyone naturally wants to make up for the loss, even prepares to take the opportunity to gain one again. 现在沙皇贵族们可感受不到生存压力。尽管俄罗斯发生了农奴暴动,可这些都不成规模。没有压力,大家自然想要弥补损失,甚至准备借机再赚上一笔。 First Lord of the Treasury Khurda Sya anxious saying: „ Your majesty, the reason that because reforms, it is expected that this year our 's tax revenues will also drop five percentage points again, but the expenditure actually must rise 15%. 财政大臣库尔达西亚比焦急的说道:“陛下,因为改革的缘故,预计我们今年的税收还会再次下降五个百分点,而财政支出却要上涨百分之十五。 If continues to get down, perhaps does not wait for the domestic reform to complete, our your finance must first go bankrupt. Ministry of Finance suggested to delay to abolish the package tax systems of some remote areas, to reduce fiscal expenses. ” 要是继续这么下去,恐怕不等国内改革完成,我们你财政就要先破产了。财政部建议延缓废除部分偏远地区的包税制,以减少财政开销。” Wrapping the tax system is also the difficult problem that the czar government faces. Russian Empire was too huge, before then because of the reason of communication and transportation, the czar government simply does not have the means to manage this huge empire, has to implement package of tax systems. 包税制也是沙皇政府面临的难题。俄罗斯帝国太庞大了,在此之前因为通讯和交通的缘故,沙皇政府根本没有办法管理这个庞大的帝国,不得不实施包税制。 Now because of the appearance of telegram, the issue of communication has been able to solve. The czar government abolishes package of tax systems on the preparation, clears away the barrier for the capitalist economy development. 现在因为电报的出现,通讯的问题已经可以解决了。沙皇政府就准备废除包税制,为资本主义经济发展扫清障碍。 But such a, the administrative expenses considerably increased. Tax that many remote areas receive, not necessarily enough administrative expenses. 只不过这么一来,行政开销就大大增加了。很多偏远地区收到的税,都不一定够行政开销。 Alexander II asked back: „Light postponement abolishes package of tax systems, perhaps couldn't solve the problem? Our unmet needs, are not every year several million rubles can solve.” 亚历山大二世反问道:“光延缓废除包税制,恐怕还是解决不了问题吧？我们的资金缺口,可不是每年几百万卢布就能够解决的。” First Lord of the Treasury Khurda Sya replied: „Yes, your majesty. This year's financial deficit should over 40 million rubles, delay to abolish package of tax systems to save 8 million rubles.” 财政大臣库尔达西亚比回答道:“是的,陛下。今年的财政赤字应该会超过四千万卢布,延缓废除包税制可以节省八百万卢布。” Alexander II thinks saying: „Even if the postponement abolishes package of tax systems, then remaining unmet needs what to do?” 亚历山大二世想了想说:“就算是延缓废除包税制,那么剩下的资金缺口怎么办？” Russian Empire mainly implements the area of package of tax systems in Siberia, Far East and Central Asia, because the reason these regional economies of transportation are not much, delays to reform also has minimal impact. 俄罗斯帝国主要实施包税制的地区在西伯利亚、远东和中亚地区,因为交通的缘故这些地区经济都不怎么样,延缓改革也影响不大。 First Lord of the Treasury Khurda Sya proposed: „Your majesty, I suggested to sell out Alaska, to save administrative expenses, simultaneously received in exchange for a fund making up for the finance to be insufficient.” 财政大臣库尔达西亚比提议道:“陛下,我个人建议卖掉阿拉斯加,以节省行政开销,同时换取一笔资金弥补财政不足。” Alexander II shakes the head saying: „ Sells out Alaska not to have the issue, that lands besides area big, in fact cannot bring any income to us. 亚历山大二世摇了摇头说:“卖掉阿拉斯加没有问题,那片土地除了面积大外,实际上并不能给我们带来任何收益。 Because of the relations with English, will happen the conflict in the future, we cannot defend. 因为同英国人的关系,未来一旦发生了冲突,我们根本就守不住。 But the issue was we could not find the customer, American who possibly bought this lands only, now gets sucked into the civil war unable to extricate oneself. ” 可问题是我们根本就找不到买主,唯一可能买下这片土地的美国人,现在深陷内战中无法自拔。” This is real, before discovering gold ore, Alaska is a stretch of barren land, on 1 million square kilometers land, the Russian is also less than 10,000. 这是真的,在没有发现金矿前,阿拉斯加就是一片不毛之地,一百万平方公里的土地上,俄罗斯人还不到一万。 Even if the central basin has arable lands, is this age land is not valuable, land that particularly has not developed. 即便是中部盆地拥有一片可开垦的土地,可是这个年代土地不值钱,尤其是没有开发出来的土地。 First Lord of the Treasury Khurda Sya proposed: „Your majesty, we look for the customer in the entire world, if could not find the customer to act as the loan interest in arrive next year to Austria!” 财政大臣库尔达西亚比提议道:“陛下,我们在全世界寻找买主,如果找不到买主就充当明年贷款利息抵给奥地利吧！” Alexander II shakes the head: „It is not good, if did, will affect the relations between the two countries. Now Austria is not only our allies, is we biggest trade partner.” 亚历山大二世摇了摇头:“不行,要是这么干了,会影响两国关系的。现在奥地利不但是我们的盟友,还是我们最大的贸易伙伴。” This and moral integrity irrelevant, is completely the benefit decision. Existence of Russia , Austria Union made Russian Empire maintain the European hegemonist status, even if busy with the domestic reform now, still no one shook their position. 这和节操无关,完全是利益决定的。俄奥同盟的存在让俄罗斯帝国保住了欧洲霸权地位,即便是现在忙于内部改革,也没有人动摇他们的地位。 But once this alliance dismissed the situation to be different, is not only the French will challenge their hegemonic positions, Austria will become Challenger of overlord similarly. 可是这个联盟一旦解散情况就不一样了,不光是法国人会挑战他们的霸主地位,就连奥地利同样会成为霸主的挑战者。 Turned into the ally the potential enemy, this czar government in the past dozens years greatest diplomatic achievement. 把潜在的敌人变成了盟友,这沙皇政府最近几十年来最大的外交成就。 In the past Austria got sucked into the revolution time, Nicholas I have not hit a person when he is down, therefore Russian Empire earned the support of Austria to win the Near East war, captured Constantinople. 当年奥地利深陷革命的时候,尼古拉一世没有落井下石,因此俄罗斯帝国获得了奥地利的支持赢得了近东战争,夺取了君士坦丁堡。 Before Nicholas I passed away, warned over and over the importance of his Russia , Austria Union, Alexander II is not silly, knows that this is the alliance of cooperation will benefit both sides, for some benefits affect relations between the two countries that are not good. 尼古拉一世去世前都再三告诫了他俄奥同盟的重要性,亚历山大二世不傻,知道这是合则两利的联盟,为了些许利益影响到两国关系那就不好了。 First Lord of the Treasury Khurda Sya explained: „ Your majesty, does not need to affect the relations between the two countries. So long as you write one to poor-mouth the letter/believes to Franz, explained that we were difficult, making him help on the line. 财政大臣库尔达西亚解释道:“陛下,不需要影响两国关系。你只要向弗朗茨陛下写一封哭穷信,说明一下我们困难,让他帮帮忙就行了。 In the past, the Austrian suppressed Hungary rebelled the time, Nicola Great Emperor also prepared to dispatch troops to help, but just arrived in the boundary, Austrian oneself handled. 当年,奥地利人镇压匈牙利叛乱的时候,尼古拉大帝也准备出兵帮忙的,只不过刚刚抵达边界,奥地利人就自己搞定了。 No matter how said, this favor Lineaments families led. Therefore, in afterward Near East war, the Vienna government has stood us. ” 不管怎么说,这个人情哈布斯堡家族都领了。因此,在后来的近东战争中,维也纳政府一直站在我们这边。” Khurda Sya this is reminding Alexander II to take seriously the two countries imperial families to relate indistinctly, cannot because of the own individual standpoint, neglect the national interest. 库尔达西亚比这是在隐约提醒亚历山大二世重视两国皇室关系,不能够因为亲普的个人立场,就忽略了国家利益。 Alexander II nods, his own general Gui own, is not Peter III that idiot, ignores the national interest. 亚历山大二世点了点头,他个人亲普归亲普,可不是彼得三世那个蠢货,置国家利益于不顾。 Had not looked that now general E the relations still don't have the improvement? 没看现在普俄关系依然没有起色么？ The Kingdom of Prussia after Bismarck dies, deeply feels William I who is insulted, has not bowed to Russia again. Alexander II also has not offered the good intentions to Prussia. 普鲁士王国在俾斯麦死后,深感受辱的威廉一世,就再也没有向俄罗斯低过头。亚历山大二世同样没有向普鲁士释放过善意。 This is the national interest decision. On the one hand as the European overlord, Russian Empire cannot lower the head on own initiative ; On the other hand Danish this little brother's mood must look, depends on these year of Kingdom of Denmark to provide 20 million rubles loan to the czar government one after another, the friend or stranger is clear at a glance far and near. 这都是国家利益决定的。一方面作为欧洲霸主,俄罗斯帝国不能够主动低头;另一方面丹麦这个小弟的情绪也要照顾,就凭这些年丹麦王国陆续向沙皇政府提供两千万卢布的贷款,亲疏远近就一目了然。 Alexander II tranquil reply of: „Does not have the issue, I will write this letter/believes as soon as possible.” 亚历山大二世平静的回答道:“没有问题,我会尽快写这封信的。” Saw Alexander II to accept this suggestion, First Lord of the Treasury Khurda Sya relaxed, sighed that this sum of money may not be really good to gain. 见亚历山大二世接受了这个建议,财政大臣库尔达西亚比松了一口气,直感叹这笔钱可真不好赚。 He goes all out agitates Alexander II, but not only to deepen the relations of Russia and Austria, does not certainly remove has the factor in this aspect. 他这么卖力的鼓动亚历山大二世,可不仅仅只是为了深化俄奥两国的关系,当然也不排除有这方面的因素。 What are more is because collected 100,000 aegis public relations fees of Austrian ambassador to Russia. Khurda Sya is the smart person knows that what money can receive, what money cannot receive, receives money must handle matters. 更多的还是因为收了奥地利驻俄大使的十万神盾公关费。库尔达西亚比是聪明人知道什么钱可以收,什么钱不能收,收了钱就要办事。 The Austrians want to further deepen the relations between the two countries, Khurda Sya naturally cannot reject, this also serves the Russian interests. 奥地利人想要进一步深化两国关系,库尔达西亚比自然不会拒绝,这也是符合俄罗斯利益的。 As for the issue of Alaska, decisive was disregarded by him. This is just continues to deepen the relations between the two countries by the head, stretch of place of barbarian desolate. 至于阿拉斯加的问题,果断的被他无视了。这只不过是继续深化两国关系的由头,一片蛮荒之地而已。