On June 12 , 1852, the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed «Army Expansion of armaments Bill». 1852年6月12日,英国国会通过了《陆军扩军法案》。 Expansion of armaments that Mike the sago proposed 120,000, sold at a discount, astute parliament member the final expansion of armaments population will define in 80,000. The reason naturally conducts the armament according to the physical demand, cannot waste the money of taxpayer. 麦克西米提出的扩军12万,还是被打了折扣,精明的国会议员将最终的扩军人数限定在了8万。理由自然是按照实际需求进行军备,不能浪费纳税人的钱。 This thrifty host consciousness, directly caused to be a drag on ally in British Army in the Near East war. 这种节俭的主人翁意识,直接导致了在英国陆军在近东战争中拖了盟友的后腿。 Compared the slow-acting English, the efficiency of French on high many. After the determination increases troops, Napoleon III opened to explode the road of soldier, the French armed forces army total military strength leaps to increase 620,000. 相比行动迟缓的英国人,法国人的效率就高的多了。在确定增兵过后,拿破仑三世就开起了爆兵之路,法军陆军总兵力一跃攀升到了62万。 As if in the past that Europe, sweeping away all obstacles France came back vertically and horizontally/able to move unhindered. Europe besides Russian bear, counted their standing armies to be most. 仿佛当年那个纵横欧洲,所向披靡的法兰西又回来了。欧洲除了毛熊之外,就数他们的常备军最多了。 In order to expand international influence of France, Napoleon III this performance unusual is positive, while big expansion of armaments, French Reinforcements already from home. 为了扩张法国的国际影响力,拿破仑三世这次表现的非常积极,在大扩军的同时,法国援军就已经从国内出发了。 At this time the French military power, has dropped the bottom, the army quantity, although increased, but the veteran and recruit are completely two concepts. 这个时候法国本土的军事力量,已经下降到了最低点,军队数量虽然增加了,可是老兵和新兵完全是两个概念。 After anti-France war end, the Austria good dynasty to ease the international pressure, slowed down the development speed of French Army, only retained few elite armies, Great Revolution will restore from now on. 反法战争结束过后,奥尔良王朝为了缓解国际压力,放缓了法国陆军的发展速度,只保留了少量的精锐部队,大革命过后才恢复过来。 Talent of Napoleon III not militarily, when expands the army, neglected the reserve force to construct, with the rationalization reform of mobilization system. 拿破仑三世的才华不在军事上,在扩充军队的时候,忽略了预备役部队建设,和动员机制的合理化改革。 In the history in the Franco-Prussian War, the French fights the failure to recognize instigated. Is because the French then mobilization system was imperfect, cannot mobilize enough army to defend Paris promptly. 历史上普法战争中,法国人一战失败就认怂。就是因为法国当时的动员机制不完善,没有能够及时动员出足够的军队守住巴黎。 This is the weakness of French style development mode, placed Paris the core industry of country mostly peripheral, once Paris falls to the enemy to stage a comeback difficultly. 这是法国式发展模式的弱点,把国家的核心产业大都放在了巴黎周边,一旦巴黎沦陷想要卷土重来都难。 After Bulgaria Battle ended, the Russian force advanced Balkan Mountains the front, tested the Russia person time arrived. 保加利亚会战结束后,俄军将战线推进到了巴尔干山脉,考验俄国人的时候到了。 At this time the Balkan Expeditionary force had the difference, headed by General Bach Ivanov the military officer, advocated that first attacked and captured Sophia ; Military officer headed by Gorchakov, advocates to surmount Balkan Mountains, takes the Edirne province area. 这个时候俄巴尔干远征军内部发生了分歧,以巴赫-伊万诺夫将军为首的将领,主张先攻克索非亚;以戈尔恰科夫为首的将领,主张翻越巴尔干山脉,直取埃迪尔内地区。 The final strategic target is the same- attacks and captures Constantinopolis, closes Str. of Bosporus. 最终的战略目标都是一样-攻克君士坦丁堡,封锁博斯普鲁斯海峡。 The reason that the position first attacks and captures the Sophia area is: The Ottoman empire just experienced the rout, is weak in the troops of this area, militarily the difficulty is low. 主张先攻克索非亚地区的原因是:奥斯曼帝国刚刚经历大败,在这一地区的兵力薄弱,在军事上难度低。 Sophia is the Bulgarian regional influence biggest city, once attacked and captured here, the influence politically is important, can summon that more Bulgarians revolt against the Ottoman person's rule. 索非亚是保加利亚地区影响力最大的城市,一旦攻克了这里,在政治上的影响非常重要,可以号召更多的保加利亚人起来反抗奥斯曼人的统治。 Reason that cannot talk about, attacked and captured Sophia, the Russian force, even if cannot attack and capture Constantinopolis, still occupied most Bulgaria, built the foundation for the next war. 还有一个不能说的原因,就是攻克了索非亚,俄军就算没有能够攻克君士坦丁堡,也占领了大半个保加利亚,为下一次战争打下了基础。 This is the traditional strength, this was the ninth Russo-Turkish War, many people think, if cannot perish the Ottoman empire, in the future definitely will have the tenth Russo-Turkish War, now provides for a rainy day is also very important. 这是传统的力量,这都是第九次俄土战争了,很多人都认为如果不能灭亡奥斯曼帝国,未来肯定还会有第十次俄土战争,现在未雨绸缪也很重要。 Swallows the Ottoman empire, this is only the idealism, really thinks that Russia can a person who swallows the Ottoman empire are not many. 一口吞下奥斯曼帝国,这只是理想主义,真的认为俄罗斯能够一口吞下奥斯曼帝国的人并不多。 The political slogan shouted that was OK, perished the slogan of Ottoman empire, the Russia people shouted quick over a hundred years, where now the Ottoman empire still stands erect not but actually. 政治上的口号喊喊就可以了,灭亡奥斯曼帝国的口号,俄国人都喊了快上百年时间,现在奥斯曼帝国依然在哪里屹立不倒。 The position kills the reason of Edirne province area directly is: For rushing to time, this attacks and captures the Constantinopolis recent route, has not arrived while UK and France Reinforcements main force, ahead of time attacks the Constantinopolis odds of success to be bigger. 主张直接杀到埃迪尔内地区的理由是:为了赶时间,这是攻克君士坦丁堡最近的路线,趁着英法两国援军主力没有抵达,提前进攻君士坦丁堡胜算更大。 Naturally the odds of success big risk is also big, does not seize the neighboring region, the Ottoman army may outflank the escape route of Russian force very much, if cannot attack and capture Constantinopolis, has the risk of being annihilated. 当然胜算大风险也大,不去占领周边地区,奥斯曼军队很有可能包抄俄军的后路,要是没能攻克君士坦丁堡,就有全军覆没的风险。 The worry of Russia person, Franz does not care. Can the Russian force be annihilated, he was not worried. 俄国人的烦恼,弗朗茨是不关心的。俄军会不会全军覆没,他是一点儿都不担心。 By the situation in Ottoman empire, only if opened hanging, otherwise the good tactic, they will sell at a discount in the execution. 以奥斯曼帝国的情况,除非是开了挂,不然再好的战术,他们在执行的时候都会打折扣。 Theoretically cuts off the logistics supply line of Russian force in midway any key regulation, they will win this war. 理论上在中途任何一处关键地段切断俄军的后勤补给线,他们就会赢得这场战争。 The army that but is responsible for carrying out the task, must have enough strong battle efficiency, otherwise 35 a few tricks were turned by the Russian force dry/does, is that useful? 可是负责执行任务的这支部队,也必须要有足够强的战斗力,不然三五两下子就被俄军给干翻了,那还有什么用？ Not is only so, wants the peripheral Ottoman army and local government to coordinate similarly closely. So long as a link had the problem, is unable to cut off the enemy's retreat and annihilate them. 不光是如此,同样还要周边的奥斯曼军队、地方政府紧密配合。只要一个环节出现了问题,就无法关门打狗。 This very difficult work, do not expect that the Ottoman empire can complete, most also with cutting off logistic route, frightens the Russia person to draw back troops, then both sides start to put together the consumption honestly. 这种高难度的工作,还是不要期待奥斯曼帝国能够完成了,最多也就是用切断后勤线,吓唬俄国人退兵,然后双方老老实实开始拼消耗。 ...... …… Crown Prince Windisch Gretz said with a laugh: „Your majesty, the Ottoman person withdrew troops from the Serbian area. It seems like the Russia person is too big to their pressures, now they were the preparation concentration of effort and Russia person resist, cannot attend to these areas.” 温迪施格雷茨亲王笑呵呵的说:“陛下,奥斯曼人从塞尔维亚地区撤军了。看来是俄国人给他们的压力太大,现在他们是准备集中兵力和俄国人对抗,顾不得这些地区了。” Can look, his is happy. The Habsburg dynasty and gratitude and grudges of Ottoman empire have several hundred years, looks at the enemy unlucky naturally is refreshing. 看得出来,他的心情非常不错。哈布斯堡王朝和奥斯曼帝国的恩怨已经有几百年了,看着敌人倒霉自然是神清气爽。 Naturally what is more important is politically. Do not look that now Marshal Radetzky becomes the chief of the general staff, his secretary of war had not responded, in fact Crown Prince Windisch Gretz has been looking for the opportunity to collapse. 当然更重要的还是在政治上。不要看现在拉德斯基元帅出任总参谋长,他这个陆军大臣没有反应,实际上温迪施格雷茨亲王一直都在寻找机会破局。 The strong person on military was not equal to that political strong person, Archduke Karl is an example, dingy goes home to write books. 军事上的强人不等于政治上的强人,卡尔大公就是一个例子,灰溜溜的回家著书。 In fact in Austria Lijun team Marshal Radetzky of noble character and high prestige, previously in also not much, for a long time in the place assignment that the Austria advantage mixed was not well-respected, but was excluded from the right core. 实际上奥地利军队中德高望重的拉德斯基元帅,此前在奥地利混的也不怎么样,长期在地方任职并不是受重视,而是被排斥在了权利核心之外。 But after Franz high-rank, the situation changed, in order to safeguards the smooth implementation of westbound strategy, recalled the center to be the chief of the general staff Marshal Radetzky. 只不过弗朗茨上位过后,情况发生了改变,为了能够保障西进战略的顺利实施,把拉德斯基元帅调回了中央担任总参谋长。 Under this background, Crown Prince Windisch Gretz 10,000 reasons is even useless, no matter holds true by, Franz not possible to give up at this time the support to Marshal Radetzky. 这种背景下,温迪施格雷茨亲王就算是有一万种理由都没有用,不管有什么理由,弗朗茨都不可能在这个时候放弃对拉德斯基元帅的支持。 After knowing this point, Crown Prince Windisch Gretz naturally cannot do the matter. In fact he and relational deterioration of Marshal Radetzky , because of the conflict of right of General Staff Headquarters and war department. 知道了这一点后,温迪施格雷茨亲王自然不会搞事情了。实际上他和拉德斯基元帅的关系恶化,还是因为总参谋部和陆军部的权利冲突。 The buttocks decided the standpoint, the General Staff Headquarters and war department are existences of mutual balance, if relations of both sides ok, Franz must exchange the person. 屁股决定了立场,总参谋部和陆军部本来就是互相制衡的存在,双方的关系要是好了,弗朗茨就要换人了。 Was suppressed by Marshal Radetzky, Crown Prince Windisch Gretz does not have the means. However now the opportunity comes, the Ottoman person withdraws troops from the Serbian area, this means that the Austria advantage can be effortless, can attain the big lands. 被拉德斯基元帅压制住了,温迪施格雷茨亲王没有办法。不过现在机会来了,奥斯曼人从塞尔维亚地区撤军,这意味着奥地利可以不费吹灰之力,就可以拿到大片土地。 The war parties of military are not easy to suppress, they do not know that the real strategy of Austria Libyan government, the fighter aircraft appeared naturally must request a combat assignment. 军方的主战派可不是那么容易压制住的,他们又不知道奥地利政府的真正战略,战机出现了自然要请战。 At this time if Marshal Radetzky could not suppress the subordinate, made nearby the matter Emperor, that was big losing points ; Even if suppressed, should still make the army generals produce is discontented. 这个时候要是拉德斯基元帅压制不住手下人,把事情闹到了皇帝跟前,那就是大大的失分;就算压制住了,也会让军方将领产生不满。 This slightly plans, Franz is naturally clear. However the meaning that he has not interfered with, these struggles can only calculate the pediatrics. What Crown Prince Windisch Gretz uses is the open intrigue, is in the regular range. 这点儿小算计,弗朗茨自然是一清二楚的。不过他没有干涉的意思,这些斗争都只能算小儿科。温迪施格雷茨亲王用的是阳谋,属于规则范围之内。 Among the ministers struggle mutually, is always in cahoots compared with them, joins up and Emperor fight of good. So long as does not delay the proper business, not frank and upright forming cliques, struggle Franz secretly pretends that has not seen. 大臣们之间相互斗争,总比他们串通一气,联合起来和皇帝斗的好。只要不耽误正事,不光明正大的拉帮结派,暗地里的斗争弗朗茨都假装没看见。 The places of some people have the faction, the bureaucratic group in Franz extravagant demands Austria Libyan government will not have the flaw chastely. 有人的地方就有派系,弗朗茨不会奢求奥地利政府的官僚集团纯洁无瑕。 Franz asked: „Belgrade, does the Ottoman person give up?” 弗朗茨问道:“贝尔格莱德呢,奥斯曼人有没有放弃？” Belgrade usually had Balkan Peninsula the name of gateway, so long as grasped here, in the future the business of Balkan Peninsula, no one can neglect the opinion that Austria benefits. 贝尔格莱德素来有巴尔干半岛的门户之称,只要掌握了这里,未来巴尔干半岛的事务,谁也不能够忽视奥地利的意见。 However now the strategic center of gravity of Austria Libyan government in the Balkan Peninsula, the Ottoman empire does not have the large army in that side, Austria benefitted has not then attacked and captured Belgrade. 不过现在奥地利政府的战略重心不在巴尔干半岛,奥斯曼帝国又在那边驻扎了重兵,奥地利这才没有攻克贝尔格莱德。 If the Ottoman person gave up on own initiative, sending out several thousands armies to seize, Franz is impossible to give up, Austria benefits does not lack point(s) the military. 如果奥斯曼人主动放弃了,派出万儿八千军队就可以占领,弗朗茨也不可能放弃,奥地利还是不缺这么点儿兵力的。 The chip in hand are more, the benefit that can attain after the war is also bigger, such simple truth everyone understands. 手中的筹码越多,战后能够拿到的利益也就越大,这么简单的道理大家都懂。 Wants in unifying the Southern Germany will situation, annexes the interests of Balkan Peninsula again, Austria benefits did not have that good appetite. 想要在统一南德意志的情况下,再吞并巴尔干半岛的利益,奥地利还没有那么好的胃口。 Only if the Russia person opens hangs, can attack and capture Constantinopolis, then UK and France have not folded with suddenly Austria Union, the Austria advantage swallowed these fat also to swallow. 除非俄国人开挂,能够攻克君士坦丁堡,那么英法两国拿俄奥同盟没折,奥地利吞下了这些肥肉也就吞了。 „No, but the Ottoman person reassigned the military from Belgrade, now that side garrison troops have dropped 20,000 people.” Crown Prince Windisch Gretz replied “没有,不过奥斯曼人还是从贝尔格莱德抽调了兵力,现在那边的守军已经下降到了两万人。”温迪施格雷茨亲王回答道 About paced back and forth a while, Franz opened the mouth to shout: „Jennie, sends people to inform the cabinet and Marshal Radetzky meets.” 左右徘徊了一会儿,弗朗茨才开口喊道:“珍妮,派人通知内阁和拉德斯基元帅过来开会。” The plan always cannot catch up changes quickly, after the Austria advantage occupied the Danube basin two duchies, receives the hand, this can also say that sits mountain Guanhu to fight. 计划总是赶不上变化快,奥地利占领了多瑙河流域两公国后收手,这还可以解释说坐山观虎斗。 Now the Ottoman empire withdraws troops from the Serbian area, Austria benefits does not dispatch troops to seize, that was too strange. Do not say the Russia person, even if various European countries will have the suspicion. 现在奥斯曼帝国从塞尔维亚地区撤军,奥地利都不出兵占领,那就太古怪了。不要说俄国人,就算是欧洲各国都会产生怀疑。 But seizes, Austria benefits the land that seizes in the Balkan Peninsula to be getting more and more. Then the issue came out, originally the going south strategy to shield the westbound strategy, turned into starting out insincerely but ending up seriously finally unexpectedly. 可是一路占领下去,奥地利在巴尔干半岛占领的土地越来越多。那么问题就出来了,本来南下战略只是为了掩护西进战略,结果居然变成了假戏真做。 Do not think many that the meat eats certainly are the good deeds, but may also be makes one gain weight, losing weight shenma most made one have a headache. 不要以为肉吃的多就一定是好事,还有可能是让人长胖的,减肥神马的最令人头疼了。 Present Austria benefits also similarly, now many with occupies, after the war can various European countries comply? 现在的奥地利也差不多,现在多拿多占,战后欧洲各国能答应么？ The envy can make in the will of the people twist, if everyone envied, Austria benefits must not have the friend, Franz does not want that passive state. 嫉妒会使人心里扭曲,要是大家都嫉妒了,奥地利就要没朋友啦,弗朗茨可不想出现那种被动局面。 But the present issue is, aspect not by the control of Franz. The Ottoman person instigated, does not have their ancestor that spirit of struggle. 可现在的问题是,局面根本就不受弗朗茨的控制。奥斯曼人太怂了,一点儿都没有他们祖宗那种拼搏的精神。 That feared that is they look like the typical form forms one group of militiaman coming out strong momenta, Franz can pretend was deceived, had not discovered that promptly the conspiracy of enemy, bungled the military opportunity. 那怕是他们象征式的组建一帮民兵出来壮声势,弗朗茨都可以假装被欺骗了,没有及时发现敌人的阴谋,贻误了战机。 The present arrives, the withdrawal of troops of Ottoman person unusual hoodlum, done Franz is in a dilemma. 现在到好,奥斯曼人非常光棍的撤军了,搞的弗朗茨是进退两难。