Qu Qiubai: „Chinese character was the world's is truly dirtiest badly most bastard the latrine pit of middle ages!” 瞿秋白:“汉字真正是世界上最龌龊最恶劣最混蛋的中世纪的茅坑！” Some people wash, said that abolishes the traditional character, very sorry, is not, is completely abolishes, only with letter. Had 1918 magazine newspaper, as well as afterward Lu Xun's pen manuscript was the card. 有人洗地,说只是废除繁体字,很抱歉,并不是,乃是全盘废除,只用字母。有1918年的杂志报纸,以及后来鲁迅的笔稿为证。 Did did, don't even go there, being ambitious everyone was looking for a way out for the country at that time, they were the forerunners, allowed to make mistakes. The individual positions are in our opinion radical, is very normal.( Upholstery, Gun is also so......) 做了就是做了,没啥好说的,当时有志者人人在为国找出路,他们是先行者,允许犯错。个别主张在我们看来过于激进,是很正常的。(铺垫,鲧也是如此……) Naturally, how can the Chinese character abandon? South Korea abandoned the Chinese character, the old book could not understand. 当然,汉字怎么能废呢？韩国就废了汉字,古籍都看不懂了。 In brief also has lots of people to prevent to abolish the Chinese character, finally compromise, to promote the popularization, developed the Pinyin. The Chinese character Pinyin parallel promotion, has today. 总之也有大量的人阻止废除汉字,最后折中了一下,为了推广普及,发展了拼音。汉字拼音并行推广,才有今日。 From the materialistic conception of history perspective, their historical roles are positive, finally advanced the progress of society...... 从唯物历史观角度来看,他们的历史作用是积极的,最后推进了社会的进步…… Pulled far. 扯远了。 About the Xia Dynasty writing, I suspected that the written carrier of Xia Dynasty was not easy to preserve...... the bone-script to remain, was lucky Shang Dynasty superstition, made the carrier divination with the carapace ox bones, wrote the braille while convenient. 关于夏朝文字,我怀疑夏朝的书写载体非常不易保存……甲骨文能留下来,多亏了殷商迷信,用龟甲牛骨做载体占卜,顺带写点字。 Xia Dynasty not this custom, if with the arrange/cloth...... the sheepskin...... that were really cool. What discussed that Shang Dynasty extinguished the summer, destroyed the summer( Erlitou discovered that massively massacred skeleton, I estimated also burnt city). 夏朝没这习惯,如果是用布……羊皮……那真是凉了。更何谈殷商灭夏,毁了夏都(二里头发现大量被残杀的尸骸,我估计还焚了城)。 Second, does the foreign scholar conclusion, manage him to do? 第二,外国学者如何定论,管他干嘛？ Without the writing real diagnosis said that Xia Dynasty fictionalized, under the same standard, Alexander the Great fictionalized, the ancient Greece 80% history, fictionalized. 没有文字实证就说夏朝是虚构的,那么在相同标准下,亚历山大大帝是虚构的,古希腊百分之八十的历史,都是虚构的。 Alexander, all the bases of existence, are several hundred years, and even the millennium later literature records, are precisely the legend forms, is similar to King Arthur. 亚历山大,所有存在的根据,都是几百年,乃至千年以后的文献记录,且是传说形式,类似于亚瑟王。 He biggest, the biggest stone hammer evidence, is Egypt has Alexandria city is named after him. 他最大,最大的石锤证据,乃是埃及有个‘亚历山大港’城市是以他为名的。 However, Dayu also has Yuling, Yellow Emperor also had Yellow Emperor mausoleum, this cannot be counted the evidence. 但是,大禹也有禹陵啊,黄帝都还有黄帝陵呢,这并不能算作证据。 As for the ancient Greece, over 50% literature, stemmed from the renaissance...... 至于古希腊,百分之五十以上的文献,出自于文艺复兴时期…… Aristotle, Plato and other ancient books of ancient Greece flamboyant scholars, did not have the cultural relic stone hammer. The Renaissance ghost knows that revives anything. 亚里士多德、柏拉图等各种古希腊牛逼学者的典籍,都没有文物石锤。文艺复兴鬼知道是复兴什么东西。 In ten big most beautiful physical tests, one was the ancient Greece scholar, Erato color nun, in 240 B. C., used a very simple method, surveyed the story of Earth perimeter. 十大最美物理实验中,有一个是古希腊学者,埃拉托色尼,在公元前240年,用了一个很简单的方法,测量了地球周长的故事。 What used is the mathematical way, detected the Earth perimeter accurate, the computed result of finally obtaining, compared with the modern measurement result, the error is very small. 用的是数学方式,精准地测出了地球周长,最后得出的计算结果,与现代测量结果相比,误差很小。 However that means that study the math perhaps knows, pulls the calf. 但是那个办法,学数学的恐怕都知道,扯犊子呢。 However it looks looks like that a matter. This is a wonderful story, interested can check. 不过它看起来又像那么回事。这是个美妙的故事,有兴趣的可以去查。 However the so-called ancient Greece surveyed the literature record of Earth perimeter, its entire process programs and some details, incomparably approximate «Old Tangshu» recorded stretch/open Sui to survey the article of terrestrial meridian. 但是所谓的古希腊测量地球周长的文献记载,其整个过程大纲和部分细节,无比地近似《旧唐书》中记载张遂测量地球子午线的文章。 Seemingly when also violates some extremely possible are translate the writings in classical style, without the translator understands the mistake that causes. Thinks that the people do not like looking 【Twenty-Four Histories】? 貌似还犯了一些极可能是翻译文言文时,没翻译懂而导致的错误。以为国人不爱看【二十四史】呗？ Some specific people have proven. Here were not many said that after the words that you were interested in said. 具体的有人论证过了。我这里就不多说了,你们感兴趣的话以后再说。 Also, the so-called Aristotle's grave is completely empty, a character does not have, the bottom has a 1.7 x 1.3 meter small stone chamber of together. Showed that this is the evidence of grave of Aristotle, is clue that in the library the 11 th century draft manuscript provided, said Aristotle's grave in that range. This draft manuscript is away from Aristotle's years, enough in 1400 hasn't...... dug early? 还有,所谓亚里士多德的墓空空如也,一个字也没有,底部有一块1.7x1.3米的小石室。证明这是亚里士多德之墓的证据,乃是图书馆里一份11世纪的手稿提供的线索,说亚里士多德的墓就在那片范围。这份手稿距离亚里士多德的时代,足足一千四百年……早怎么没挖出来？ Ok, ok, returns to the proper topic. 算了,算了,言归正传。 In foundation that Dayu has, round trip but actually. 在大禹存在的基础上,往回倒。 The legend Dayu's water governance goes all over the world, exposing to the sun the skin is dark, full hand callus. 传说大禹治水走遍天下,晒得皮肤黝黑,满手老茧。 Sima Qian appraises: „Yu Qin ditches between fields, hand and foot callus. When the word rides for four years, health four. Found a wife to have the day, got married not private. Nine earth manage, profound jade tablet tin this” 司马迁评价:“禹勤沟洫,手足胼胝。言乘四载,动履四时。娶妻有日,过门不私。九土既理,玄圭锡兹” Said that Dayu dredges the drainage ditch personally, the hands and feet is the cocoon, teaches people the water line to ride the boat, goes by land rides in a carriage, the mud line rides the sleigh, mountain line/traverse while carriage, throughout the year in the walk world. Just married the wife to walk, passed by home not to go back to look. So processes until the Nine Provinces flood, Shun granted his black jade jade tablet layer on layer/heavily. 说大禹亲自疏通沟渠,手脚全是茧,教人水行乘舟,陆行乘车,泥行乘橇,山行乘辇,一年四季都在行走天下。刚娶了妻子就走了,路过家门都不回去看。如此直到九州水患处理好,舜重重地赏赐了他玄色的玉圭。 Black jade jade tablet what meaning? The jade tablets of different name are give to have the bases of different power, the faith token that for example with the natural disaster, the emperor sends the minister who comforting and aiding a bereaved family common people holds, is called Jane|treasure. The holders exercise the function of conciliatory or marriage, is called valley Gui. The holders perform the function of praise to be called Wan jade tablet, the holder perform the function of punishment, is called Yan jade tablet. 玄色玉圭什么意思呢？不同名称的圭是赋予持有不同权力的依据,比如遇自然灾害,天子派去抚恤百姓的大臣所持的信物,叫做珍圭。持有者行使和解或婚娶的职能,叫做谷圭。持有者行使嘉奖的职能叫做琬圭,持有者行使处罚的职能,叫做琰圭。 As for especially big meritorious achievements, then bestows the profound jade tablet. 至于特大功业,则是赐玄圭。 Sima Qian was Western Han Dynasty, was earlier. 司马迁是西汉的,那么更早呢。 «Shangshu»: „Yu even water and soil, chief offender mountains......” 《尚书》:“禹平水土,主名山川……” Again earlier, Spring and Autumn Period period «Shi Jing»: „Flood is boundless, under Yu Fu folk recipe.” 再早点,春秋时期《诗经》:“洪水茫茫,禹敷下土方。” «Shi Jing» is the very important historical data. When studying pre-Qin history, it is more credible than Records of the Grand Historian. 《诗经》是非常非常非常重要的史料。在研究先秦历史时,它比史记更可信。 «Shi Jing» has the ode that the ancestor starts an undertaking, the sacrificial offering fairy music movement, there is an feasting contact between aristocrats, the indignation of uneven distribution of work and rest, has to reflect that the work, goes hunting, as well as massive love, marital and moving chapter in social usage. 《诗经》有先祖创业的颂歌,祭祀神鬼的乐章,也有贵族之间的宴饮交往,劳逸不均的怨愤,更有反映劳动、打猎、以及大量恋爱、婚姻、社会习俗方面的动人篇章。 Said that Shi Jing regarding Zhou Dynasty, was equivalent to the writing that on the animal bones of divination wrote, regarding significance of Shang Dynasty. 这么说吧,诗经对于周朝而言,就相当于占卜的甲骨上所书写的文字,对于殷商的意义。 However, these eventually are the literature, rather than cultural relic. 不过,这些终究是文献,而不是文物。 Then records the Dayu's water governance, has the cultural relic of writing, has? 那么记载大禹治水的,有文字的文物,有没有呢？ First has the uncle foreign bell of Spring and Autumn Period period, on the bell has the engraved inscription, because was the Song person digs, taking care was bad, can only identify vaguely: The scissors cut down the summer to offer sacrifice...... have Nine Provinces salty, locates Yu to stop up...... 首先就有春秋时期的叔夷钟,钟上有铭文,因为是宋朝人挖出来的,保管不善,只能依稀辨认:剪伐夏祀……咸有九州,处禹之堵…… Does the cultural relic that then unearths modern, have? 那么现代出土的文物,有没有呢？ Then in 2002, Duke xu that bought from the overseas, the Western Zhou Dynasty bronzeware, the engraved inscription writes: Destiny Yu Futu, along with the mountain dredges Sichuan, is supposes badly drafts, falls the people to supervise virtue, is the original work with the countrymen, to become the parents. Lives my Wang Zuochen, faints the mei only virtue, people good Mingde, widowed...... to attend to the world. With fainting Shao good, the profit does the excellent virtue, Kang Wang is not diligent. Is a filial son and a caring brother, implores to be well-versed in the classics neat, is good to offer sacrifice waste. Heart good virtue, marriage gou also only to cooperate. The day thousandth uses to test, god multiplying exorcism wealth, forever governing in Ning. Then Duke said: People only to subdue|grams with, perishes to teach. 2002年,从国外买回来的遂公盨,西周青铜器,铭文写:天命禹敷土,随山浚川,乃差地设征,降民监德,乃自作配乡民,成父母。生我王作臣,厥沬唯德,民好明德,寡……顾在天下。用厥邵好,益干懿德,康亡不懋。孝友,訏明经齐,好祀废。心好德,婚媾亦唯协。天厘用考,神复用祓禄,永御于宁。遂公曰:民唯克用兹德,亡诲。 It‘s nothing the translation, among some characters have not been able to identify, I send was actually short of many characters, therefore you looked at happily on the line. 没什么好翻译的,这中间有很多字已经无法辨认,我发上来的其实少了很多字,所以你们看个乐就行了。 In brief, its history was in 2900. 总之,它的历史距今两千九百年。 However is very regrettable, had in 1000 from Yu. 但是很遗憾,距离禹还有一千年。 What is worth mentioning is, then the country, is a ancient country. All previous generations then Duke said oneself are Yu Shun descendant, their ancestor worship offers a sacrifice to is Shun. 值得一提的是,遂国,是个古国。历代遂公都说自己是虞舜后裔,他们祭祖祭得就是舜。 Xia Dynasty FengYu Shun's descendant in Sui, Duke, experience summer, business and Western Zhou Dynasty three generations. When Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Huan of Qi assembles the feudal lord for the first time, asking everyone to make treaties of alliance, then Duke, therefore Duke Huan of Qi extinguished then the country. Later then the people want to restore, pretend to reward with food and drink simultaneous/uniform army, got drunk the soldier with the liquor, then seized the chance to kill all simultaneous/uniform army. 夏朝封虞舜的后裔于遂,公爵,历夏、商、西周三代。春秋时,齐桓公第一次九合诸侯,叫大家来会盟,当时的遂公不去,于是齐桓公灭了遂国。之后遂国人想复辟,假装犒劳齐军,用酒灌醉了士兵,然后趁机杀死了所有齐军。 Duke Huan of Qi is angry upon learning this, orders to massacre city, then the country Duke clan all dies. 齐桓公得知后大怒,下令屠城,遂国公族全死。 As Shun's descendant, their incomparable esteems Dayu's meritorious achievements, obviously Yu has not compelled Shun, son who has not exiled Shun. 作为舜的后裔,他们无比的推崇大禹的功业,可见禹没有逼过舜,更没有流放舜的儿子。 Stopped, does not have plentier evidence. 到此为止,没有更多的证据了。 Finally, is Shan Hai Jing. 最后的,便是山海经。 Shan Hai Jing is earliest is a method chart, on the chart has the writing, therefore I said the Xia Dynasty person used did not help taking care the writing carrier, chart type of carrier, several hundred years did not have. 山海经最早是一套套图,图上有文字,所以我说夏朝人用的是不利于保管的文字载体,图这种载体,几百年就没了。 In brief according to afterward to the rumor of Shan Hai Jing, was said Shan Hai Jing was ‚Yu book’. 总之根据后来所有对山海经的传言,都是说山海经乃是‘禹书’。 Truly, Dayu definitely is one of the Shan Hai Jing authors, moreover Yu contributed most contents. 确实,大禹肯定是山海经的作者之一,而且禹贡献了其中大部分内容。 Edition that the Jin Dynasty person saw, was different from us. 晋朝人看到的版本,就跟我们不一样。 Natives of Shanxi mentioned a paragraph of writing that Shan Hai Jing that we read, does not have. 晋人提到了一段我们看的山海经,所没有的一段文字。 【Yu says: The world famous mountains, after 5370 mountains, 64,056 li (0.5 km), occupy. Word his five servants, cover other hills really numerous, records to say insufficient. The thing of 28,000 thousand li (500 km) world, the north-south 26,000 thousand li (500 km), the mountain of eight thousand li (500 km) water leakage, by the water eight thousand li (500 km), had/left the mountain of copper 467, the mountain of tapping 3690. This world divides the soil tree valley, Lance sends , blade spear gets up. Those who are able have, clumsy is insufficient. Seals in Mount Tai, Zen in Mr. Liang, 72, the number of success and failure all in this, is the saying country uses.】 【禹曰:天下名山,经五千三百七十山,六万四千五十六里,居地也。言其五臧,盖其余小山甚众,不足记云。天地之东西二万八千里,南北二万六千里,出水之山者八千里,受水者八千里,出铜之山四百六十七,出铁之山三千六百九十。此天地之所分壤树穀也,戈矛之所发也,刀鎩之所起也。能者有馀,拙者不足。封于泰山,禅于梁父,七十二家,得失之数皆在此内,是谓国用。】 This paragraph of writing, it is said in «Shan Hai Jing end of Five Zang Shanjing» Jin Dynasty edition. 这段文字,据说是在《山海经・五臧山经》晋朝版本的末尾。 From the tone, after this obviously is Yu died, some people write. But how long as for Yu dead, then I don't know. 从口吻来看,这明显是禹死了以后,有人写的。但至于禹死了多久,那就不知道了。 This is also I rarely explains «Mountain after» the reason of content. Because of mountain Jing, was the Xia Dynasty person writes. 这也是我很少解读《山经》内容的缘故。因为山经,是夏朝人写的。 The content that his Zhongshan passes through, is benefitted the summary by Dayu, uncle. 其中山经的内容,是由大禹、伯益总结的。 But I explain with you, actually majority are within the four seas foreign economics and trade, with content that the serious famine passes through. 而我跟你们解读的,其实大多数都是海内外经,与大荒经的内容。 As for mountain, I rarely raise, because is too rigorous, rigorously to is the data report , there is nothing to explain. 至于山经,我很少提,因为太严谨,严谨到就是数据报告,根本没什么好解读的。 Shan Hai Jing, is divided into five Zang Shanjing, within the four seas to pass through, overseas to pass through, serious famine. 山海经,分为五臧山经、海内经、海外经、大荒经。 Five Zang Shanjing, a mountain is linking a mountain, is separated by many li (0.5 km), has what product, has what animal, how the animal eats, the water from there round, where the class/flow toward goes to...... 11 detailed records. 五臧山经,一山连着一山,相隔多少里,出什么产物,有什么动物,动物吃起来怎么样,水从那里发,流往哪里去……都一一详实记录。 And each mountain range, will write down the method of mountain spirit and sacrificial offering of correspondence finally, should to what tribute, should by what specification sacrificial offering, to have the detailed record. 并且每一条山脉,最后都会写下对应的山神与祭祀的方法,该给什么贡品,该以什么规格祭祀,都有详细记录。 The world always said that Shan Hai Jing is the living map will, what actually said is «Shan Hai Jing Five Zang Shanjing» is the living map will. 世人总说山海经是地理图志,其实说的是《山海经・五臧山经》是地理图志。 The mountain passes through is detailed and rigorous, is completely the geographical data record, the animal encyclopedias. The sea passes through the multi- historical event, everywhere nations and outstandingly able person strange thing. 山经非常详细、严谨,完全就是地理数据记录,动物百科。海经则多历史事件,海内外邦国与奇人奇物。 Shan Hai Jing, is «Mountain after» «Sea after» gathers, the meaning is: Delicacies of every kind. 山海经,就是《山经》《海经》合起来,意思便是:山珍海味经。 It is not right, is the hill sea collects, is the comprehensive meaning. 不对,是山包海汇经,也就是包罗万象的意思。 «Mountain after " in record, a mountain is so linking a mountain, I suspected that is « even the mountains of legend mid summer towards after». 《山经》内的记载,如此一山连着一山,我怀疑就是传说中夏朝的《连山经》。 Still remembers that I have said that three I Ching? 还记得我说过的,三大易经吗？ Xia Dynasty had ‚even the mountains to be easy’, Shang Dynasty had ‚turns over to conceals to be easy’, Zhou Dynasty had ‚Book of Change’. 夏朝有‘连山易’,商朝有‘归藏易’,周朝有‘周易’。 Book of Change by good that the Confucianist takes care, always spreads, turning over to conceals to be lost, but also the modern archaeology unearthed to us. 周易被儒家保管的很好,始终流传,归藏失传但也给我们现代考古挖掘出来了。 Only «even the mountains» never knows the trace, perhaps, it has not been lost, «Shan Hai Jing» ‚mountain’ is even the mountains. 唯独《连山》始终不知所踪,也许,它并没有失传,《山海经》的‘山经’就是连山经。 Naturally, without the evidence, listened to happily on the line. 当然,没有证据,听个乐就行了。 Said so many, recombination 【The repertoire of antiquity emperor】, 【Spirit photo hundred li (0.5 km) intelligent light】 Some people of explanation suppose, we can come to see Shan Hai Jing now. 说了这么多,再结合【上古帝王的套路】、【灵照百里的智慧之光】解读的一些人设,我们现在可以来看山海经了。 «Shan Hai Jing»: „Northeast corner river water leaves, by the line its north, the southwest enters Bohai, has the overseas, namely west, but north, enters Yu to lead Jishishan.” 《山海经》:“河水出东北隅,以行其北,西南又入渤海,又出海外,即西而北,入禹所导积石山。” This is within the four seas west longitude describes empty one of the Kunlun Mountains, introduced ‚river water’ from Kunlun Mountains empty, Northeast rock of origin network. 这是海内西经描述昆仑之虚的一段,介绍了‘河水’从昆仑虚,东北方向的冈之岩发源。 Around this, but also introduced scarlet water and Blackwater respectively, if water, foreign water and other river systems. 在这段前后,还分别介绍了赤水、黑水、若水、洋水等水系。 What water then ‚river water’ is? I want to understand the history knows, in the pre-Qin period, our country, only then a river system with being called ‚river’, that is the Yellow River. 那么‘河水’是什么水？我想懂历史的都知道,在先秦时期,我国只有一条水系配称为‘河’,那就是黄河。 Right, ‚river’ is not we now this meaning, in the antiquity it was a designated noun, is name that the Yellow River was in sole possession. 没错,‘河’不是我们现在这个意思,在上古它是个特指性的名词,是黄河独有的名字。 Before I explained Kua Fu time also has raised, I ‚river and Wei’ was insufficient when translation, said was the Yellow River and Weishui insufficiently drinks. 以前我解读夸父的时候也提过,我在翻译‘河、渭’不足时,说的就是黄河与渭水不够喝。 Similarly, ‚river’ does not refer to other, refers in particular to Yangtze River specially. 同样,‘江’也不是指别的,专门特指‘长江’。 He Bo is not the water god of other place, but is the Yellow River water god. 河伯不是别的地方的水伯,而是黄河水伯。 In our present cultures writes what river and what river, wrote what water and what water in the ancient times. The Yellow River called the river water, the Yangtze River to call the river water. 我们现在文化中写什么河、什么河,在古代写作什么水、什么水。黄河叫河水,长江叫江水。 Shan Hai Jing here writes unusual is strange, it writes the Yellow River to originate northeast Kunlun Mountains, toward the north class/flow, then southwest enters Bohai, then has the overseas, toward the west toward north, after Jishishan that Dayu passes sparsely. 山海经这里写的非常奇怪,它写黄河发源于昆仑东北,往北边流,接着又西南入渤海,然后又出海外,往西又往北,经过大禹疏通过的积石山。 Where is Jishishan at? 积石山在哪？ Shan Hai Jing original text: „The mound of Xuanyuan...... also west 300 li (0.5 km), said that accumulates the mountain of stone, west its under has stone door, the river water braves to flow, is the mountain , the myriad things have all.” 山海经原文:“轩辕之丘……又西三百里,曰积石之山,其下有石门,河水冒以西流,是山也,万物无不有焉。” The concrete research wants the inferential reasoning of big section, I estimated that you have no interest in the geography, in brief is added to calculate by the distance that mentioned Xishan, knew this mountain, was not far from Kunlun Mountains, is counted detours also 1900 li (0.5 km). 具体考证要大段的推导,我估计你们对地理没兴趣,总之把西山经里提到的距离加起来一算,得知这座山,距离昆仑并不远,算上绕路也就一千九百里。 The answer I told you directly, because Jishishan has not changed name, now also calls Jishishan. 答案我直接告诉你们,因为积石山并没有改名,现在还叫积石山。 In a mountain that austere province, Qilian Mountains extend now, there truly accumulates the stone to proliferate, the great stone pile of bulk place, the canyon, had obviously the excavating trace, and there is a water erosion trace, that possibly was one of the once Yellow River old paths, the overseas scholar also had the research, Jishishan has the oversized flood. 在甘・肃省,今祁连山脉延伸出去的一座山,那里确实积石遍布,大块大块的巨石堆了一地,有一条峡谷,有明显地开凿痕迹,并且有水蚀痕迹,那可能是曾经的黄河故道之一,国外学者也有考证,积石山发生过大洪水。 The Yellow River changes course repeatedly, is only the record has 26 times. 黄河多次改道,光是记载的就有二十六次。 Therefore the last ancient times, how the Yellow River walks, we have not been able to research. 所以上古时,黄河怎么走,我们已经无法考证了。 This paragraph of writing, you look like very perhaps strange, Yellow River how toward west toward north? 这段文字,你们看来也许很诡异,黄河怎么往西往北？ Actually does not have the issue toward north, the Yellow River upstream toward north, did not have the issue toward the west, the Yellow River whole toward east, but some sections can toward the west. 其实往北没问题,黄河上游本来就是往北的,往西也没问题,黄河整体往东,但是部分河段会往西。 The Yellow River nine curves on this meaning, it is not a straight say/way toward east, if subdivides its section enlargement, will discover that it turns the distortion tune , about, flows in the sea finally. 黄河九曲就这个意思,它并不是一条直道的往东,如果将其河段放大细分,会发现它是扭扭曲曲,上上下下,左右左右,最终流入大海。 Shan Hai Jing here wrote, finally enters Yu to lead Jishishan. 山海经这里写了,最后入禹所导积石山。 But Jishishan in Qilian Mountains, in other words, this segment Zhishi described, Yellow River from origin to flowing through Qilian Mountains, an upstream such small section distance. 而积石山在祁连山脉,也就是说,这段只是描述了,黄河从发源到流经祁连山脉,上游这么一小段的路程。 Such a small section distance, the Yellow River is very normal toward north toward the west. 这么一小段路程,黄河往西往北都很正常。 Actually present Yellow River, is this, since Bayan flows out, flows a distance toward the northeast, suddenly toward the northwest booklet, the class/flow has arrived in southern Qilian Mountains , to continue toward east. 其实现在的黄河,也是这样的,从巴颜喀拉山脉流出,往东北流一段距离,突然往西北折,一直流到祁连山脉南部,才继续往东。 Moreover Shan Hai Jing here Bohai, is not Bohai in our cognition, in my opinion is Qinghai Lake. 另外山海经这里的渤海,不是我们认知中的渤海,在我看来是青海湖。 Because of Qinghai Lake in southern Qilian Mountains, southern Jishishan. 因为青海湖就在祁连山脉南段,积石山南部。 In the antiquity, Yu's years, to regulate waterways, with excavating Jishishan, making the Yellow River change course, flood discharge. 在上古,禹的时代,为了治水,与开凿了积石山,让黄河改道、泄洪。 This Shan Hai Jing, record was then river course. 这段山海经,记载的就是当时的河道。 Empty eighth the sides Kunlun Mountains all have the mountain, makes concrete me not to introduce that later spoke Kunlun Mountains when specially said again. 昆仑之虚八方皆有高山,具体我不介绍了,以后专门讲昆仑时再说。 Therefore Jishishan this meaning is: 【The Yellow River flows out from Kunlun Mountains Northeast that mountain, flowed rapidly toward north a section of road, has flowed to Qilian Mountains is cut off, then when turns back toward the southwest, turns back, flowed in Qinghai Lake. Then the Qinghai Lake appearance of the water rises, impacts a river, is the Yellow River flows in Qinghai Lake to flow, continues toward the west, toward north, Jishishan that chisels until Qilian Mountains Dayu.】 所以积石山这段的意思便是:【黄河从昆仑东北方向的那座山流出,一路往北奔流了一段路,一直流到祁连山脉被阻隔,接着又往西南折返,折返时,流入了青海湖。然后青海湖水势上涨,冲击出一条河,也就是黄河流入青海湖又流入,继续往西,往北,直到祁连山脉大禹凿开的积石山。】 After crossing Jishishan, which class/flow toward, I do not know that here has not written, is actually unimportant. 过了积石山以后,往哪流,我就不知道了,这里没写,其实也不重要。 In brief, this, is introduced that the small section trend of Yellow River upstream, introduced while convenient Dayu excavating mountain road, dredges the canal, tampers with the Yellow River. 总之,这一段,就是介绍黄河上游的一小段走向,顺带介绍了大禹开凿山路,疏通水道,篡改黄河。 Above, is Shan Hai Jing regarding one -sided record of Dayu's water governance. 以上,就是山海经对于大禹治水的一个片面记载。 Shan Hai Jing another paragraph of writing, supported this point: „In serious famine, there is mountain Mingyue first mountain of threshold big meeting, river aid into, Haibei note. The west has the mountain, the name said that Yu accumulates the stone.” 山海经另一段文字,也佐证了这一点:“大荒之中,有山名曰先槛大逢之山,河济所入,海北注焉。其西有山,名曰禹所积石。” This said that eastern Jishishan has first threshold to meet the mountain greatly. The Yellow River and aid water winds through it, Haibei is infiltrating it. This showed indirectly, there ‚sea’ azure island lake. 这段说积石山东边有个先槛大逢山。黄河、济水都流过它,海北浸润着它。这间接证明,那里的‘海’正是青岛湖。 About the Dayu's water governance, does Shan Hai Jing have? Has. 关于大禹治水,山海经还有吗？有。 «Shan Hai Jing»: „In serious famine, there is mountain of mountain Mingxiu the spreading, Qingshui is poor. Has the mountain of sexual intercourse, has wood to say Luan. Yu attack sexual intercourse.” 《山海经》:“大荒之中,有山名朽涂之山,青水穷焉。有云雨之山,有木名曰栾。禹攻云雨。” The meaning was very simple, has to decay Tushan, does not have the Qingshui class/flow to its this. Cloud Yu Shan, on the mountain has Luan wood. Dayu attacks the showers mountain. 意思很简单,有座朽涂山,青水流到它这就没了。还有云雨山,山上有栾木。大禹攻过云雨山。 This attacks very interestingly. 这个攻很有意思。 Similar record also has. 类似的记载还有。 «Shan Hai Jing»: „Outside the western North Sea, the corner of serious famine, has the mountain not to gather, the name said that inconsiderately lost/carrying, there is a two yellow Shoushou it. Some water said the water of cold bureau. Shuixi has the wet mountain, Shuidong has a mountain. Has Yu Gonggong the labor country mountain.” 《山海经》:“西北海之外,大荒之隅,有山而不合,名曰不周负子,有两黄兽守之。有水曰寒署之水。水西有湿山,水东有幕山。有禹攻共工国山。” This involves numerously, not only has Mount Buzhou, and has the labor country altogether, I later write one chapter to explain alone, here I translate for the time being directly. 这段牵扯众多,既有不周山,又有共工国,我以后单独写一章来解释,这里我姑且直接翻译。 The meaning is also very simple: The northwest overseas, in the serious famine, there is a mountain of breaking, called inconsiderately lost/carrying. Two yellow beasts guard. A river called winter and summer the water, west side this river had a wet mountain, the east side had a mountain. Dayu has attacked the mountain of these altogether labor country's. 意思也很简单:西北海外,大荒中,有个破缺的山,叫不周负子。有两黄兽镇守。还有一条河叫寒暑水,这条河西边有座湿山,东边有幕山。大禹攻过这些共工国的山。 Here disclosed two information, one is the Mount Buzhou area, belongs to the labor country altogether. Another is Yu attack crosses here mountain. 这里透露了两个信息,一个是不周山地区,都属于共工国。另一个就是禹攻过这里的山。 ‚Yu Gongyun the Yu Shan’, is ‚Yu Gonggong labor country mountain’, actually with beforehand ‚Yu Dao the Jishishan’ is a meaning. 无论是‘禹攻云雨山’,还是‘禹攻共工国山’,其实跟之前的‘禹导积石山’是一个意思。 Is describes Dayu to quarry a mountain to chisel the road, dredges the Yellow River. 就是描述大禹开山凿路,疏通黄河。 Shan Hai Jing described Emperor Gun Qie the breath soil, to stop flood. 山海经描述了鲧窃帝息壤,以湮洪水。 But regarding Yu's description, is actually he ‚attacking’ mountains. 而对于禹的描述,却是他‘攻’一座座山。