MHAG :: Volume #2

#131: Math and waterwheel

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„Other city-state think that the land is the maximum wealth, therefore they are not willing to admit the foreigner and freeman, is not willing to share the city-state benefit and wealth with them. But I am just the opposite, I think that „ person” is the city-state maximum wealth! Had the person, can plant the grain, manufactures the artware, the creation wealth! Had the person, can build the weapon, forms the army, defends city-state! Had enough many people, can obtain are more enough much lands! ” Davos spoken language firm saying. “其他城邦认为土地是最大的财富,所以他们不愿意接纳外邦人和自由民,不愿意与他们分享城邦的利益和财富。而我则恰恰相反,我认为“人”才是城邦最大的财富！有了人,才能种植粮食,制作艺术品,创造财富！有了人,才能打造武器,组建军队,防御城邦！有了足够多的人,才能得到足够多得多的土地！”戴弗斯言语坚定的说道。 His words to the Kunogelata unprecedented impact, intelligent such as he do not certainly know how can obtain are more enough much lands, obviously Davos this is vague told him to give the origin that the new citizen „share place” obtained, therefore he was silent...... 他的话给库诺戈拉塔前所未有的冲击,聪明如他当然不会不知道怎样才能得到足够多得多的土地,显然戴弗斯这是隐晦的告诉他给新公民的“份地”获得的来源,因此他沉默了…… Kunogelata eldest son Sostratus saw some warehouses and hotels that on actually the work site have neared to complete, asked: „I heard that you prepare to attract the Thurii merchant and outside the nation merchants come to your here to save the cargo and lodging, is this warehouse and hotel under-construction?” 倒是库诺戈拉塔的大儿子索斯塔图斯看到工地上已接近完成的部分仓库和旅馆,问道:“我听说你们准备吸引图里伊的商人和外邦商人来你们这里存储货物和住宿,这就是在建的仓库和旅馆吧？” „Yes.” “是的。” „I thought that here does prepare to construct many warehouses and hotels, the city-state preparation manages these personally?” Sostratus also asked. “我看这里准备建不少的仓库和旅馆,城邦准备亲自管理这些吗？”索斯塔图斯又问。 The Mersis hear his words intent, says immediately: „Naturally cannot! city-state so many public officials, everyone has not had own matter, we prepare to bid publicly, rents them.” 梅尔西斯听出他的话意,立刻说道:“当然不会！城邦没有那么多的公职人员,大家都有自己的事,我们准备公开竞拍,把它们租出去。” „Bidding” this is a new word, the Greeks fine merchant gene makes Sostratus ravel quickly what's the matter, he asked: „Can we participate?” “竞拍”这可是个新词,希腊人优良的商人基因让索斯塔图斯很快弄明白是怎么回事,他问道:“我们能参加吗？” „Unusual welcome!” Mersis happy reply. “非常欢迎！”梅尔西斯高兴的回答。 ................................. …………………………… Although moved, the arrangement dwelling to bustle about most of the day, the whole family was quite exhausted, but Kunogelata will awake next morning, getting up early was he many years of fostering custom, the slave takes care of him to put on clothes to get out of bed, he decided that was supported by the arm by the slave is taking a stroll, came back to have the breakfast again. 尽管搬家、布置宅院忙碌了大半天,全家人都比较疲惫,但第二天一大早库诺戈拉塔就醒了,早起是他多年养成的习惯,奴隶服侍他穿衣起床,他决定由奴隶搀扶着出去散步,再回来吃早餐。 The Kunogelata dwelling in the Amendolara foot, after allotting new citizen housing, here also many spatial houses, obviously big of beforehand war to Amendolara injury, only when Kunogelata deep place in, why can understand the Amendolara original people to the Thurii so angry reason. 库诺戈拉塔的宅院在阿门多拉腊的山脚,分配完新公民住房之后,这里还有不少空的房屋,可见之前的战争对阿门多拉腊的伤害之大,只有当库诺戈拉塔深处其中,才能了解阿门多拉腊原来的民众为什么对图里伊如此愤怒的原因。 These spatial houses rented to the freeman with the low price most probably, therefore Kunogelata goes out, can see that 3322 freeman hurrying to of hurriedly work, on their faces all brims with the vigor and fervor that the Thurii city-state freemen do not have, even saw Kunogelata this stranger, they are also holding joint exercises strange cavity strange accent Greek, friendly greeting. 这些空房屋大半用低价租给了自由民,所以库诺戈拉塔一出门,就能看到三三两两的自由民急匆匆的赶着去干活儿,他们个个的脸上洋溢着图里伊城邦自由民们所没有的活力和激情,甚至见到了库诺戈拉塔这个陌生人,他们也会操着怪腔怪调的希腊语,友好的打个招呼。 Kunogelata knows that they to the life enthusiastic reason, transferred the freeman from the slave, their employers also to city-state handed over so-called „prepare citizen tax” for them, so long as they observe law and discipline, works diligently, two years later can become city-state to prepare the citizen. 库诺戈拉塔知道他们之所以对生活充满激情的原因,从奴隶转为了自由民,他们的雇主还为他们向城邦交了所谓的“预备公民税”,他们只要遵纪守法,努力干活,两年后就能成为城邦预备公民。 Had arrived in June, the weather starts becomes burning hot. But relatively is quite cool in the Amendolara city, because it constructs on the mountain, the sea breeze and mountain breeze are swaying this small town in turn. 已经到了六月,天气开始变得炎热。而在阿门多拉腊城还相对比较凉爽,因为它建在山上,海风、山风轮流吹拂着这座小城。 Kunogelata walks following the path upward, often can bump into the citizen who descends the mountain, they are go to the paddies to work, the old citizen, is the new citizen, gave regards and chats mutually, seemed very harmonious, followed their slaves also seems has the spirit very much, definitely was these mercenaries slaves can become the deeds of citizen to make them see the hope. 库诺戈拉塔顺着道路往上走,不时可以碰到下山的公民,他们都是去田地里干活的,不论是老公民,还是新公民,都相互问好、说笑,显得十分和谐,跟随他们的奴隶也显得很有精神,肯定是那些雇佣军奴隶能成为公民的事迹让他们看到了希望。 Truly those who make Kunogelata surprised is, accompanying also has the woman, listens to the wife of talk or citizen, is not the woman of freeman( for livelihood, the wife of freeman will often come out to work, makes money subsidy home, for example sets up a stall, restaurant employee wait/etc), but also prepares to accompany the husband under to work together. Remembered the son to raise him to mention in some strange stories in city yesterday afternoon probably, looked at the look of woman again, was really the Lucania woman, if were the traditional conservative foreigner has made much ado about nothing, what however mingled among many years of Kunogelata first to think in the political arena was this phenomenon represents the city-state significance that obviously Davos was not the light says orally, he is attempting to assimilate Lucanians with various ways. 真正让库诺戈拉塔吃惊的是,随行的还有女人,听谈话还是公民的妻子,不是自由民的女人(为了生计,自由民的妻子往往会出来干活,挣钱补贴家用,比如摆摊、餐馆雇员等等),还准备陪同丈夫一起下地去干活。想起昨天下午儿子提起他在城内的一些奇异见闻中好像有说起过,再看女人的相貌,果然是卢卡尼亚女人,如果是传统保守的外邦人早就大惊小怪起来,但是在政坛混迹多年的库诺戈拉塔首先想到的是这个现象所代表的城邦意义,显然戴弗斯不是光口头说说而已,他在尝试着用各种方式同化卢卡尼亚人。 This young people have the unusual ambition! Amendolara this small town under his leadership, is so strange and unusual, actually in such a short time sends out the vitality, is vital! The Kunogelata interest was keener, he discovered the person who descends the mountain are many, but also the people of many climbing mountains, have many children, found out that in the square has the disciple of Pythagoras school of thought to teach the math free. 这个年轻人有着非同一般的野心啊！阿门多拉腊这座小城在他的领导下,是如此的古怪而与众不同,却在这么短的时间内重新散发生机,充满活力！库诺戈拉塔的兴趣更浓了,他发现下山的人很多,但也有不少上山的人,这其中有很多儿童,一问才知道广场上有毕达哥拉斯学派的门徒免费讲授数学。 Here really has the Pythagoras school of thought! When Kunogelata is startled, recalls the scene at first meeting suddenly, understands instantaneously: This definitely is the line that Archytas pulls! But the Pythagoras school of thought the opposition democracy, supports the aristocratic politics, can Davos also tolerate?! 这里竟然有毕达哥拉斯学派！库诺戈拉塔吃惊之余,恍然记起最初见面的情景,瞬间明白:这肯定是阿契塔牵的线！毕达哥拉斯学派可是反对民主、支持贵族政治的,戴弗斯也能容忍？！ But Kunogelata changes mind thinks: Davos as lifelong archon , the Amendolara can it be that democratic government! 可库诺戈拉塔转念一想:戴弗斯身为终身执政官,阿门多拉腊又岂是民主政体！ Goes to the square, has some people to gather round the front platform, in the platform has young people to teach the foundation the math. 来到广场上,已有了一些人围着前方的平台,平台上有一个年轻人正在讲授基础的数学。 This young people Metoticles, initially he and Marticoris obtained the commitment of Davos, prepared to go all out, must receive the apprentice broadly, but they strictly according to the traditional request of Pythagoras school of thought: The disciples must have certain mathematical foundation, must therefore test. 这个年轻人正是门托提克埃尔斯,当初他和马提科里斯得到戴弗斯的承诺,准备大干一场,要广收学徒,但他们严格按照毕达哥拉斯学派的传统要求:门徒必须得有一定的数学基础,所以要进行测试。 When their inquiries from house to house in high spirits, was rejected. First, the new citizens cultural level is mostly low, now just divides to the paddies dwelling, is busy handling all, where has the time to test the learn/study, there is a few to learn/study, thinks that in the future will participate in the public service preparing, but one hear must first through the test, immediately big ; But the old citizens the educational level new citizen was been high, may be busy giving the family member to participate in funeral ceremony at the same time, on the other hand the Pythagoras school of thought does not comment in the Magna Graecia wind well, what secret society, worships the evil god( they to present „number” for god), opposed that city-state wait/etc had spread over various city-state, naturally they are unpopular. 可当他们兴冲冲的挨家挨户的询问时,均遭到拒绝。首先,新公民们大多文化水平低下,如今刚分到田地宅院,忙着打理一切,哪有时间去测试学习,有少数想学习的,以为将来参与公职做准备,可一听要先通过测试,立刻头大;而老公民们虽然受教育水平较新公民高,可一方面忙着给亲人送葬,另一方面毕达哥拉斯学派在大希腊的风评不好,什么秘密结社,崇拜邪神(他们奉“数”为神),反对城邦等等早就传遍了各城邦,当然他俩不受欢迎。 Was busy for several days, a disciple has not recruited, two people is disappointed, strolls in city-state all day, made them discover Davos taught Mersis for the Hades digit that facilitating to keep accounts( is actually the Arabia digit), must know the Greek scholars who this time research math had a very headache issue, because was tedious on behalf of Greek character writing of digit, once surpassed the digit 10,000, was very difficult to write, this was the scholars conducts the formula operation to bring very big trouble. But Hades digit simple and ease-to-learn, changed/easy record, actually solves the problem that the mathematics circles most had a headache about with ease, will certainly raise the efficiency of mathematical research, the math will be the most important thing is easier to popularize in the people.( Person who historically, solves Greeks this difficult problem is Archimedes, he originated the method of recording large number) 忙了好几天,一个门徒都没招收到,两人大受打击,整日在城邦闲逛,无意间让他们发现了戴弗斯教给梅尔西斯用于方便记账的哈迪斯数字(其实是阿拉伯数字),要知道这个时代研究数学的希腊学者们有一个很头痛的问题,由于代表数字的希腊字书写繁琐,一旦超过数字一万,很难书写,这为学者们进行公式运算带来了很大的麻烦。而哈迪斯数字简单、易学、易记,却轻松解决了数学界最头疼的问题,必将提高数学研究的效率,最重要的是数学将更容易在民众中普及。(历史上,解决希腊人这一难题的人是阿基米德,他首创了记大数的方法) Thinks of these, two people as if one had found a treasure, how however Mersis requests to teach regarding them uses this symbol the secret, expressed the rejection, and said: „This is Sir Davos teaches, it is said is the Hades gracious gift, you must obtain his agreement to learn/study!” 一想到这些,两人如获至宝,然而梅尔西斯对于他俩要求传授如何使用这种符号的秘诀,表示了拒绝,并说:“这是戴弗斯大人传授的,据说是冥王的恩赐,你们必须得到他的同意才能学习！” Two people have to look for Davos again, originally they think that this will be quite difficult. However, Davos immediately expressed the agreement, he said: „Math came from the daily life, I naturally hope that everyone can learn, in order to utilize in the life, with the aim of solving in the life the difficult problem, provides the convenience for the life, this is learns the knowledge the real sense to be at!” 两人只好再次来找戴弗斯,本来他们以为这会比较困难。但是,戴弗斯立即表示了同意,他说:“数学来自于日常生活,我当然希望所有人都能学会,以便能运用到生活中去,以便解决生活中遇到的难题,为生活提供便利,这才是学习知识的真正意义所在！” Davos these words make two young people be touched. 戴弗斯的这番话让两个年轻人大受触动。 Therefore, Divers put forward the proposal: Asked them to hold the free mathematical public seminar in the square, teaches the foundation of math to cross the threshold for the city-state citizen who is willing to study, council is willing to endorse for them, advocates the people actively to participate, such time was long, can for the Pythagoras school of thought training many math amateurs, the nature Pythagoras school of thought also be able to take root in Amendolara. 于是,戴福斯提出建议:请他俩在广场上开设免费的数学公开讲座,为愿意来学习的城邦公民讲授数学的基础入门,元老院愿意为他俩背书,倡导民众积极参与,这样时间一长,就可以为毕达哥拉斯学派培养大量的数学爱好者,自然毕达哥拉斯学派也就能在阿门多拉腊扎下根来。 Two young and impetuous disciples are not willing to accomplish nothing, dingy returning Taranto, considers over and over, the decision breaks the Pythagoras school of thought finally the tradition, conducts public teaching. 两位年轻气盛的门徒不愿一事无成、灰溜溜的回塔兰图姆,思虑再三,终于决定打破毕达哥拉斯学派的传统,进行公开授课。 After obtaining the agreement of two people, the Davos great happiness, invites two people of design and manufacture that immediately participates in the waterwheel. 得到两人的同意后,戴弗斯大喜,立刻邀请二人参与水车的设计和制造。 The previous generation, Davos proliferates in the southern China region of rivers and lakes common waterwheel, thing that seeming like one is very easy to make, but after Davos makes the prison make officer Alexius to bring the carpenter is trial producing, the discovery is not easy: It is not because the carriage stress collapses unevenly, is the wheel axle angle of rotating disk varies to cause the rotation not spirit...... wait/etc. The small waterwheel actually involves the utilization of mathematical quite precise calculation and mechanics, but the mathematician of this time often is well-versed in both the physics, because relation between these two is very close, therefore Davos has to seek help from two young Pythagoras school of thought disciples. 前世,戴弗斯在中国南方水乡常见水车遍布,看起来似乎是一个很容易制造的东西,但戴弗斯让监造官阿莱克西斯带着木匠试制后,发现并不容易:不是因为支撑架受力不均而倒塌,就是转轮的轮轴角度不一导致转动不灵……等等。小小的水车其实涉及到数学比较精密的演算和力学的运用,而这个时代的数学家往往都兼通物理,因为这两者之间的联系是非常紧密的,所以戴夫斯只好向两位年轻的毕达哥拉斯学派门徒求助。 When he puts out the simple design of waterwheel and explained when its use, two people were attracted immediately, after careful observation, they think that this is „the god of math” one of the help human better life manifests perfectly( neglects this is completely the Davos creativity), in addition under the leadership of Archytas, the Pythagoras school of thought of Taranto has started to involve research several years of mathematical mechanics, happen to can study for the purpose of application, two people expressed willingness to help develop the waterwheel immediately full power. 当他拿出水车的简易图案并说明它的用途时,两人顿时被吸引住了,经过仔细观察后,他们认为这是“数学之神”帮助人类更好生活的一个完美体现(完全忽略这本是戴弗斯的创意),加之在阿契塔的带领下,塔兰图姆的毕达哥拉斯学派已经开始涉及数学力学的研究好几年了,正好可以学以致用,两人当即表示愿意全力帮助研制水车。 Today, when Metoticles on the stage teaches, Marticoris in Siris river has started to build the waterwheel. Although Metoticles somewhat worries at heart, but he stands firm the mood with every effort, teaching of maintaining quality and quantity, and replied patiently after the people inquired enthusiastically, then caught up toward the mountain under a hurry...... 今天,当门托提克埃尔斯在台上讲课时,马提科里斯已经在辛尼河边开始搭建水车了。尽管门托提克埃尔斯心里有些着急,但他还是尽力稳住情绪,保质保量的讲完课,并耐心回答完民众们踊跃的提问后,便匆匆地往山下赶…… When a Siris river narrow section, the river water of galloping promotes the giant waterwheel wheel axle to rotate slowly, scoops up the full river water the sink changes to center the water wheel above, turn over downward, plunges the wooden tank the water, then by the wooden tank the river water introduction canal, the every large or small and curving canal the cool clear Siris river water will introduce the topography high field on this...... 在辛尼河一处狭窄的河段,奔腾的河水推动巨大的水车轮轴缓缓转动,舀满河水的水斗转到水轮上方正中时,翻转向下,将水倾入木槽,然后由木槽将河水引入水渠,大大小小、弯弯曲曲的水渠就这样将清凉澄澈的辛尼河水引入了地势较高的田间……
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