St. Petersburg, since receiving the French ranch plan the news, on the face of Alexander III rarely has the smile again. 圣彼得堡,自从收到法国人大农场计划的消息后,亚历山大三世的脸上就很少再出现笑容。 Now receives the British Parliament through " Grain Self sufficient Plan » news, how the mood of Alexander III, it can be imagined. 现在又收到了英国议会通过《粮食自足计划》的消息,亚历山大三世的心情怎么样,可想而知。 Without the means that the grain export to Russian Empire was really important. Not only occupied the maximum proportion of state exchange income, but also involved the livelihoods of tens of millions people. 没有办法,粮食出口对俄罗斯帝国实在是太重要了。不仅占据了国家外汇收入的最大比重,还牵扯到了数千万人的生计。 Completes the agricultural reform to start from Alexander II, Russian Empire fell into embarrassed of grain supply in excess of demand, besides Prussia war that several years, the Tsar government must worry for the grain sale every year. 从亚历山大二世完成农业改革开始,俄罗斯帝国就陷入了粮食供大于求的窘迫中,除了普俄战争那几年外,沙皇政府每年都要为粮食销路而发愁。 This has the relations with the law of Alexander II period. 这和亚历山大二世时期的一道法令有关系。 At that time was preparing the second Prussia war, the government needs to collect the military provisions, caught up with the agricultural crisis exactly, the folk grain unsalable people no money payment tax revenue, Alexander II ordered to allow the farmer to pay taxes with the grain. 当时在准备第二次普俄战争,政府需要筹集军粮,又恰好赶上了农业危机,民间粮食滞销民众无钱缴纳税收,亚历山大二世就下令允许农民用粮食缴税。 This policy, lets in the Tsar government shortest time, collected enough military provisions, to win the second Prussia war laid the foundation. 这一政策,让沙皇政府最短的时间内,筹集到了足够的军粮,为赢得第二次普俄战争奠定了基础。 The sequela is the Tsar government must receive large quantities of grain every year, particularly the remote areas, almost all farmers take the grain to pay taxes. 后遗症就是沙皇政府每年都要收到一大批的粮食,尤其是偏远地区,几乎所有的农民都拿粮食缴税。 To change is not not possible again. The Russia transportation is bad, the grain of remote areas cannot sell the price, certain areas even cannot sell, is far less than to pay the material object to be cost-effective directly. 想要再改回去已经不可能了。俄国的交通可是非常糟糕的,偏远地区的粮食根本就卖不上价,某些地区甚至根本卖不出去,远不如直接缴纳实物划算。 If abolishes this magic arts command, is opposing with several million farmers, this matter Alexander III naturally does not dare to do. 要是废止这道法令,就是在和几千万农民作对,这种事情亚历山大三世自然不敢干。 If dozens years ago, in the Tsar government hand has so many grain, the god has kept off the deicide and Buddha to keep off to kill Buddha, swept away continental Europe. 要是在数十年前,沙皇政府手中有这么多粮食,早就神挡杀神、佛挡杀佛,横扫欧洲大陆了。 What a pity at this time is different in those days, the present Tsar government most wants is the grain realization. 可惜今时不同往日,现在的沙皇政府最想要的就是把粮食变现。 The home did not need to think, the grain price in itself market was not high, let out so many grain again, the grain market must crash may not. 国内是不用想了,本身市场上的粮食价格就不高,再把这么多粮食放出去,粮食市场非得崩盘不可。 Internationally is also the grain overcapacity, in addition the political factor, Russia road of the grain export is not smooth. 国际上也是粮食产能过剩,加上政治上的因素,俄国的粮食出口之路并不顺利。 If were not the Austria advantage coordinates to do the grain export union, everyone reduced the grain export quantity together, stabilized the grain price, it is estimated that the international market had been played badly. 如果不是奥地利牵头搞了粮食出口同盟,大家一起削减粮食出口量,稳定了粮食价格,估计国际市场早就被玩儿坏了。 After the international grain price stabilizes, the Tsar government also relaxes slightly, apportions their shares, in fact cannot digest the grain that the government receives every year. 国际粮价稳定后,沙皇政府也只是稍微松了一口气,分给他们的份额,实际上还是不能消化掉政府每年收到的粮食。 Naturally, the remaining parts have not wasted completely. The Tsar government also tried to find many solutions, for example: Raising draft animal and wine-making...... 当然,剩下的部分也没有全部浪费。沙皇政府也想了不少办法,比如说:饲养牲口、酿酒…… The former was naturally defeated, raising the draft animal is easy, what a pity must sell to be difficult. 前者自然是失败了,饲养牲口容易,可惜要卖出去就难了。 The domestic market looks very big, what a pity the general public are poor, can fill the belly is not easy, cannot spend. 国内的市场看起来很大,可惜普通民众穷,能够填饱肚子都不容易了,根本就消费不起。 Although the international market must be bigger, the issue is living the draft animal transports difficultly, after slaughtering, cannot maintain freshness, the salt meat internationally market cannot sell the price. 国际市场虽然要更大一些,问题是活着的牲口运输起来困难,屠宰后又不能保鲜,腌肉在国际上市场卖不上价。 Originally this year food safety on hidden danger numerous, if hears „the Russia product” again four characters, it is estimated that 99% consumers will run away in fear. 本来这年头食品安全就隐患重重,要是再听到“俄国出品”四个字,估计百分之九十九的消费者都会被吓跑。 This is the name effect, the Russia food makes one feel relieved. 这就是品牌效应,俄国食品就是这么令人放心。 Other national exit|to speak food, is only the possible existing problem ; But food of Russia exit|to speak, basically existing problem. 别的国家出口食品,只是可能存在问题;而俄国出口的食品,基本上都存在问题。 This is the European People with personally can experience the conclusion. 这是欧洲民众用亲身经历得出来的结论。 In order to change this image, the Tsar government has also made effort, but comes to naught under the joint effort of bureaucrats and capitalists. 为了改变这一形象,沙皇政府也进行过努力,但是都在官僚和资本家们的共同努力之下化为了泡影。 Can refer to the meat product sales figure in Russia market specifically, price high is the imported goods, domestic-made cannot sell the price. 具体可以参考俄国市场上的肉制品销售情况,价格高的都是进口货,国产的都卖不上价。 As long as is the economic condition permits, everyone will purchase makes the import food that one feels relieved. Not is only the meat product, the bread flour is also so. 但凡是经济情况允许,大家都会购买更加令人放心的进口食品。不光是肉制品,就连面粉也是如此。 Even if many people know, these bread flour are the wheat of Russia production exit|to speak Austria to benefit, after the processing is completed, buys back is still the same, everyone rather spends the high price to buy one to feel relieved. 即便是很多人都知道,这些面粉就是俄国生产的小麦出口到奥地利,加工完成后返销回来的也一样,大家宁愿花高价买一个放心。 The result of development animal husbandry , the mariculture operator on boundary area profits finally, can rush to Austria of next door to benefit the sale the draft animal. 发展畜牧业的结果,最后也就边界地区的养殖户受了益,可以把牲口赶到隔壁的奥地利销售。 The industrial development do not count on, because these draft animals pasted on Label Russia from the beginning imports. 产业发展还是不要指望了,因为这些牲口从一开始就被贴上了标签-俄国进口。 Once the inherent cognition forms, is not easy to change. 固有的认知一旦形成,就不是那么容易改变的了。 Had this label, makes some meat products not have the market in the Austria advantage directly. Processed the salt meat and canned food, finally returned to the Russia market. 有了这个标签,直接让这部分肉制品在奥地利没有市场。很多都加工成了腌肉、罐头,最后又回到了俄国市场上。 Compares the fish breeding and poultry raising the throwing street, the wine-making enterprise of Tsar government is the vigorous development, now is European biggest liquor water supplier, and sells is the inexpensive liquor. 相比养殖业的扑街,沙皇政府的酿酒事业可谓是蓬勃发展,现在已经是欧洲最大的酒水供应商,并且销售的都是廉价酒。 Really is very inexpensive, even if some people want to imitate are impossible. Because in the price calculation of grain according to the market, after these grain liquor sells, insufficiently recoups the cost. 真的是很廉价,就算是有人想要效仿都不可能。因为按照市场上粮食的价格计算,这些粮食酒卖出去后,都不够收回成本。 Naturally, „inexpensive” is also only not enough to make the Russia person European biggest liquor water supplier, most critically Russian Empire is European biggest liquor water consumes the country. 当然,光“廉价”还不足以令俄国人成为欧洲最大酒水供应商,更关键的是俄罗斯帝国本身就是欧洲最大的酒水消耗国。 Population size similar Austria benefits, every year liquor water consumption also half of Russian Empire. If calculates the alcohol-to-oil ratio, this disparity will be bigger. 人口规模差不多的奥地利,每年的酒水消耗量还不到俄罗斯帝国的一半。要是计算酒精消耗量,这个差距还会更大。 In some sense, the overcapacity of grain promoted the development of Russia people alcohol culture, making „the country of cask” name will follow reality. 某种意义上来说,粮食的产能过剩推动了俄国民众酒精文化的发展,让“酒桶之国”变得实至名归。 This was compelled, the Tsar government is not willing is so luxurious, but does not bring the wine-making realization the unnecessary grain, cannot pile in the warehouse rots! 这都是被逼出来的,沙皇政府也不愿意这么奢侈的,可是不把多余的粮食拿来酿酒变现,总不能堆在仓库里烂掉吧！ Processed the unnecessary grain with great difficulty, now UK and France start to toss about. 好不容易才处理掉了多余的粮食,现在英法两国又开始折腾了。 Although in a short time has minimal impact, but their plans, once becomes the reality, the Tsar government biggest making foreign exchange project did not have thoroughly. 虽然短期内影响不大,可是他们的计划一旦变成现实,沙皇政府最大的挣外汇项目就彻底没了。 Sombre-looking Alexander III interrogated: „The British Parliament has passed the grain to plan self sufficient, does not care about us to withdraw from the free trade system, then who can tell me Austria to be altruistic is doing?” 脸色阴沉的亚历山大三世质问道:“英国议会已经通过了粮食自足计划,丝毫不顾及我们退出自由贸易体系,那么谁能告诉我奥地利人在干什么？” This is very obvious issue, the British Parliament can such smooth through the proposal, the Austria Libyan government definitely not try to prevent. 这是非常明显的问题,英国议会能够这么顺利通过提案,奥地利政府肯定没有尽全力阻止。 By influence that Austria benefits, even is unable to control the decision of English, however delays some time in the parliament, does not have the issue. 以奥地利的影响力,就算是无法左右英国人的决策,但是在议会中拖延一段时间,还是没问题的。 In light of the matter of this period of time, Alexander III has the reason to suspect that the Austria Libyan government in has the transaction with UK , France secretly, betrayed the interests of Russian Empire. 结合这段时间发生的事情,亚历山大三世有理由怀疑奥地利政府在暗地里和英法有交易,出卖了俄罗斯帝国的利益。 Foreign minister Austria Scar Jimenez: „ Your majesty, the Vienna government made the agricultural upgrade announcement some time ago. 外交大臣奥斯卡・希门尼斯:“陛下,不久前维也纳政府发布了农业升级公告。 According to the above content, Austria will benefit in the next five years will reduce: 5% wheat acreages and 3% potato cultivation areas...... to resolve the new round agricultural crisis. 按照上面的内容,在未来五年内奥地利将会削减:百分之五的小麦种植面积、百分之三的土豆种植面积……以应对新一轮的农业危机。 If this plans to realize, their domestic markets, consume the domestic grain capacity sufficiently, basically got rid the dependency on the international market. ” 如果这个计划全部实现,他们的国内市场,就足以消耗掉国内的粮食产能,基本上摆脱了对国际市场的依赖。” In fact Franz does, was forced. The importance of grain was needless saying that if can monopolize the grain export market, even if loses money he still dead to knock. 实质上弗朗茨这么干,也是被逼无奈。粮食的重要性自不用说,如果能够垄断粮食出口市场,就算是赔钱他也会死磕到底。 Very regrettable, Austria benefits does not meet the monopoly grain export requirement now. 很遗憾,奥地利现在不具备垄断粮食出口的条件。 Even if grabbed the maximum share in the international farm export market, market share nearly in monopoly, but this hegemon position is unstable. 即便是在国际农产品出口市场中占据了最大的份额,市场占有率近乎于垄断,但是这个霸主地位并不稳固。 Wants the consolidated hegemon position, must first several grain producers suppressing, particularly Russian Empire of next door. 想要巩固霸主地位,先要把几个粮食生产国给打压下去,尤其是隔壁的俄罗斯帝国。 Situation internationally changes constantly, today UK , France and Russia or the enemy, might become the friend tomorrow. 国际上的局势风云变幻,今天英法俄三国还是敌人,明天就有可能变成朋友。 By the Russia person own ability, wants to develop the venture in agroindustry, but also nothing to be worried, but there is an external force to support is different. 以俄国人自己的能力,想要发展农产品加工业,还不足为虑,可是有外力支持就不一样了。 If by some chance which day of Russia person and French, or were the English reached the agreement, attracted one group of UK , France capitalists to run to invest. 万一哪天俄国人和法国人、或者是英国人达成了协议,吸引一帮英法资本家跑过去投资。 Does the agricultural product processing factory in the coastal city, the consequence was serious, after all: „Market = of advanced technical inexpensive industrial material inexpensive labor length and breadth succeeds.” 在沿海城市搞农产品加工厂,后果就严重了,毕竟:“先进的技术廉价的工业原材料廉价劳工广袤的市场=成功。” Bumps into such combination, Austria benefits also can only follow passively the dozen of price wars, by this offends somebody by the financial resource. 碰到这样的组合,奥地利也只能被动跟着打价格战,靠财力以本伤人。 clear(ly) knew „money way” dim, related to the interests of more than ten million farmers, Franz naturally not possible, for spiteful, hurricane in this road of no return. 明知道“钱途”一片昏暗,又涉及到了上千万农民的利益,弗朗茨自然不可能为了赌气,就在这条不归路上狂飙。 To arrive at lowly the loss, naturally must before throwing off the table, first promoted the domestic agriculture conversion. 为了把损失将到最低,自然要在掀翻桌子前,先推动国内农业转型了。 In age that this technological progress changes with each new day, reduces the grain cultivation acreage, is not equal to reducing the grain total capacity, this is two completely different concepts. 在这个科技发展日新月异的年代,削减粮食种植面积,可不等于削减粮食总产能,这是两个完全不同的概念。 Naturally, from the outside Vienna government this was at the end of the rope, had no recourse only to reduce the grain capacity, to deal the following agricultural crisis. 当然,在外界看来维也纳政府这是技穷了,迫不得已只能削减粮食产能,以应对接下来的农业危机。 „Bang” a sound, Alexander III front coffee cup had flown. Austria benefitted flinches now, to Russian Empire was not the good deed. “砰”的一声响,亚历山大三世面前的咖啡杯已经飞了出去。奥地利现在退缩了,对俄罗斯帝国可不是什么好事。 Since the food production can draw back, then the venture in agroindustry can also draw back similarly. Once the UK , France real grain were self sufficient, Austria benefits can also discard some benefits similarly. 既然粮食生产上可以退,那么农产品加工业同样也可以退。一旦英法真的粮食自足了,奥地利同样也可以舍弃这部分利益。 With the economical unceasing development, economy of the agricultural products processing industry in the Austria benefit for the nation in the proportion of accounting for is also more and more low. 随着经济不断的发展,农产品加工产业在奥地利国内经济中所占的比例也是越来越低。 Lost some foreign markets, was not equal to that the agricultural products processing industry was finished, real affected is also some flour mills and so on unprocessed food grains processing industry. 况且,丢掉了部分国外市场,也不等于农产品加工产业就完蛋了,真正受影响的也就是一些面粉厂之类的原粮加工企业。 Other agricultural and sideline products processing enterprises, will basically not be attacked, to the entire agricultural products processing industry, is not in fact big. 别的农副产品加工企业,基本上不会受到冲击,对整个农产品加工行业来说,实际上并不大。 The one who is truly hapless is Russia this raw material exporter, after all the processing industry can transform, can pass the burden the loss, the Tsar government does not have the means to pass the burden the loss. 真正倒霉的还是俄国这种原料出口商,毕竟加工企业可以转型,也可以转嫁损失,沙皇政府却没办法把损失转嫁出去。