The idea of Chapter 82 about Shan Hai Jing 第82章关于山海经的一点想法 Shan Hai Jing this work, two explanation attitudes, one type treats as the myth it, another type, is the encyclopedia and history book. 山海经这部著作,有两种解读态度,一种是将其当做神话,另一种,则是百科全书兼史书。 As a rule, Shan Hai Jing has the strong myth color, but I always believe, any natural myth, mostly is the phenomenon of ancient actual observation, a more ancient myth is so, it has certainly the prototype. 通常来说,山海经具有浓烈的神话色彩,但我始终相信,任何一种自然神话,多半都是古人实际观察的现象,越古老的神话越是如此,其一定是有原型的。 Shan Hai Jing in my eyes, is the objective record, its comprehensive, includes dozens domains, is completely ancient's intelligent crystallization. 山海经在我眼中,都是客观的记载,其包罗万象,囊括数十个领域,完全是古人智慧的结晶。 Part was treated as the myth, purely is the cognitive difference of ancient and modern people, the observation angle, the difference from description way causes. 其中一部分被当做神话,纯粹是古人与现代人的认知差异,观察角度,与描述方式的不同所导致的。 The glossary is deficient, through piecing together the way fuzzy description of analogy, causes the misunderstanding subsequently easily. 词汇匮乏,通过拼凑类比的方式模糊描述,继而容易造成误解。 In brief, is description is too subjective, thing that but he described, was actually objective existence, rather than wants to come out blindly. 简而言之,是描述者太主观,但他描述的事物,却是客观存在的,而非瞎想出来。 The fact how, all depend on explanation the attitude. 事实如何,一切取决于解读者的态度。 Explanation thinks that fictionalizes, the content that explains naturally fictionalizes. 解读者认为是虚构的,那解读出来的内容自然是虚构的。 However since allows some people indelib it is fictionalizes, then naturally can also suppose directly it is the real record, but explains. 不过既然允许有人先入为主它是虚构的,那么自然也可以直接假定它是真实记载而去解读。 Chooses former's person is the mainstream, but world also person who chooses a latter explanation attitude many, but I am one of them. 选择前者的人是主流,但世间也不乏选择后一种解读态度的人,而我就是其中之一。 For example. 举例来说。 «Shan Hai Jing South Serious famine Passing through» has the record: „In serious famine, some personal names said the huan head. Mrs. Gun respects, the gentleman respects the child to say the flame to melt, lives the huan headman surface bird beak to have the wing, eats in the sea the fish, the stick wing the line. Suitable grain mentioned in ancient texts ju, lu Yang is the food. Has the country of huan head.” 《山海经・大荒南经》有记载:“大荒之中,有人名曰驩头。鲧妻士敬,士敬子曰炎融,生驩头人面鸟喙有翼,食海中鱼,杖翼而行。维宜芑苣,穋杨是食。有驩头之国。” The meaning is very simple: In the serious famine, a person called the huan head. Gun's wife is the gentleman respect, the gentleman respects a son to call the flame to melt, the flame friendly descendant is huan people. The person surface bird mouth has the wing, what eaten is fish, when walks seems like the wing to treat as the walking stick. They form groups, often holds the wing to patrol through the streets in the seashore, waits for an opportunity is eats with their bird mouth capture fish. 意思很简单:大荒之中,有一种人叫驩头。鲧的妻子是士敬,士敬有个儿子叫炎融,炎融的后裔则是驩头国人。人面鸟嘴有翅膀,吃的是海里的鱼,走路时像是翅膀当做拐杖。他们成群结队,经常扶着翅膀游巡于海边,伺机用他们的鸟嘴捕捉鱼是来吃。 The angle of the fairy recording strange or supernatural events explains, can definitely devise bird headman who one type will not fly, the look can be very strange. 从神鬼志怪的角度来解读,完全可以构想出一种不会飞的鸟头人,相貌可以十分怪奇。 But if treats as the objective reliable historical account it directly, that this said is completely the penguin, the wing by the body, the body of erectness walks swings in a flash. 但若直接把它当做客观信史,那这说的完全就是企鹅,翅膀在身体两侧,直立的身体走路一摇一晃。 Penguin the deportment, is vivid, looked like the person. When their monogamy, goes to the seashore is lining up, side also following small penguin, when with human migration is exactly the same. 企鹅无论是仪态,还是形象,都太像人了。它们一夫一妻,去海边时排着队,身边还跟着小企鹅,跟人类迁移时是一模一样的。 Early South America indigenous, once treated as people the penguin, thinks that in south white Big Island, is living a large crowd. 早期的南美土著,也曾把企鹅当做人,认为南边的白色大岛上,生活着一大群人。 This is two explanation ways. 这便是两种解读方式。 A previous person can say that the latter type is unscientific, stems from Shan Hai Jing of Huaxia, how possibly to describe the penguin of Antarctic? Is separated by ten thousand li (0.5 km), is this so-called serious famine south, is it possible that Antarctic? Really is unbelievable. Must know , if no Internet, without aquarium, then most modern people have not seen the penguin. 前一种人可以说后一种不科学,出自华夏的山海经,怎么可能描述南极的企鹅呢？相隔万里,这所谓的大荒之南,莫非是南极？实在难以相信。要知道如果没有互联网,没有海洋馆,那么大多数现代国人都是没有见过企鹅的。 Then one type, can say that a previous person is proud, is the ancient certainly why impossible to see the penguin? Perhaps had the penguin in the past South Sea also perhaps, or the original of Shan Hai Jing had compared with a earlier period that we imagined, when it gathered the early human migration story. Also or, several thousand or 10,000 years ago, human has this skill to go to Antarctic! 而后一种,也可以说前一种人过于自负,为何古人就一定不可能见过企鹅呢？或许在昔日的中国南海就有企鹅也说不定,亦或者山海经的原版比我们想象的更早时期就有了,它汇聚了早期人类迁移时的见闻。更亦或者,几千或一万年前,人类就是有这个本事去南极！ Behind this is certainly hiding some truth, saving nearing is reasonable, this book there. How to explain, to does not have to test mistakenly, everyone has own world outlook. 这背后一定隐藏着某种真理,存在即有道理,这本书就在那里。如何解读,对错已无可考,每个人都有自己的世界观。 Beyond this, on the book friend requests, to tell Shan Hai Jing in my heart. 此篇番外,应书友要求,讲述一下我心中的山海经。 But before telling, must first mention from this book. 而在讲述之前,首先要从这本书本身说起。 The edition of Shan Hai Jing most primary, has been lost. 山海经最原初的版本,早已失传。 Edition that nowadays spreads, is Liu Xiang Liu Xin father and son has reorganized, when spread Jin Dynasty Guo Pu edition. 现今流传的版本,是刘向刘歆父子整理过,流传到晋朝郭璞时的版本。 But in Records of the Grand Historian, has to the description of Shan Hai Jing, what a pity is, Sima Qian said that inside content ‚does not dare to say also’, his instigated, making us miss Shan Hai Jing that ended the full page. 而早在史记中,就有对山海经的描述,可惜的是,司马迁表示里面的内容‘余不敢言也’,他这一怂,使我们错失了完整版的山海经。 Shan Hai Jing earliest is not, but was many recorded strange book of various knowledge similarly, compiled. Some strange book do not even have the character, only then chart. Therefore it is comprehensive, from time to time spoke the geography, from time to time spoke the folk customs, from time to time spoke the geology, from time to time talked about the history. 山海经最早并不是一本经,而是好多类似的记录了各种知识的奇书,汇总而成。有的奇书甚至没有字,只有图。所以它才包罗万象,时而讲地理,时而讲民俗,时而讲地质,时而讲历史。 Latter reorganized after Han Dynasty Liu Xiang Liu Xin father and son proofreads, synthesizes a Shan Hai Jing, 18. 后经过汉代刘向刘歆父子整理编校,合成一部山海经,共十八篇。 Has to say Liu Xin this person to here me, because he is we cannot see the chief criminal of complete Shan Hai Jing. 到这里我不得不说一下刘歆这个人,因为他是我们看不到完整山海经的罪魁祸首。 This father and son two are the study big grandmaster, after Zhang Binglin even appraises Liu Xinwei Confucius, most great person. 这父子两个都是经学大宗师,章太炎甚至评价刘歆为孔子之后最大人物。 They the position in study, are extremely the ranks. 他们在经学上的地位,是绝顶级别的。 And when Liu Xiang was Emperor Cheng of Han was ordered to get the school secretary, in special school entire man (Han) palace a lot of ancient books and scrip­tures. Reason that must reorganize , because in the man (Han) palace had preserved almost all ancient books since pre-Qin, but these ancient books, mostly not complete, is scattered in disorder. The eastern bamboo slip recorded a few words together, the western bamboo slip recorded a few words together. Piles in together big pile of bamboo slips, possibly respectively came from more than ten volumes of different books. 其中刘向是汉成帝时奉命领校秘书,专门校整汉宫中大量的古书、经文。之所以要整理,是因为汉宫中存留有从先秦以来几乎所有的典籍,但是那些典籍,大多不成套,也就是散乱的。东一块竹简记了一句话,西一块竹简记了一句话。堆在一起的一大堆竹简,可能分别来自于十几卷不同的书。 And many illegible handwriting, because even past Xiang Yu set on fire to burn Xianyang, therefore some bamboo slips only burnt remain half a word words, or several characters. 其中还有不少字迹模糊,甚至因为昔日项羽放火烧了咸阳,所以有些竹简烧得只剩半句话,或几个字。 That piles up with the bamboo slips of innumerable royal palace, is a piece of buried treasure. Often when has the writer enters the palace, while convenient washes Taobao, takes advantage of a mistake. 那堆满无数宫室的竹简,就是一片宝藏。经常有文人进宫时,顺带淘淘宝,捡捡漏。 In the Emperor Wen period palace had fire, burnt much, therefore Emperor Wen is thinking protected these things, ordering makes one reorganize, the calibration integration became record/native place, but the progress has been very slow, because was too difficult to reorganize, were too many, often more than ten years reorganized one set of book. 文帝时期宫里发生了一场大火,烧了不少,于是文帝才想着保护这些东西,下令让人整理,校准统合成籍,但进度一直很慢,因为实在是太难整理,又太多了,往往十几年才整理出一套书来。 Until Liu Xiang Liu Xin period, the efficiency progressed by leaps and bounds afterward, two generations of reorganized. After Western Han Dynasty, all ancient book classics that spread, basically was these two proofreads to reorganize, therefore they were study everyone. 直到后来刘向刘歆时期,效率才突飞猛进,两代人就整理完了。西汉之后流传的所有典籍经典,基本上都是这两人编校整理过的,所以他们是经学大家。 In other words, after Western Han Dynasty , before reading Western Han Dynasty work, basically was the edition that looked at them to decide. 也就是说,西汉之后读西汉以前的著作,基本就是看他俩决定的版本。 Their efficiencies quick? Quickly to the bamboo slip that more than ten royal palaces put, finally only uses a royal palace attire. 他们的效率有多快呢？快到原本十几座宫室盛放的竹简,最后只用一个宫室装。 I said actually not they cheat on labor and materials intentionally delete, but is some bamboo slips truly has no way to reorganize, some remains one or half a word words. 我倒不是说他们故意偷工减料地删,而是有些竹简确实也没法整理,某一篇就剩一句或半句话。 However, does not remove, when they delete has the selfishness. 但是呢,也绝不排除,他们删减时有私心。 When they collate books, will inscribe the attached list, deletes the explanation. 在他们校书时,会写上附表,也就是删减说明。 For example «Xun Zi» 322, Liu Xiang revised, remains 32. 比如《荀子》原本有三百二十二篇,刘向校定完,就剩三十二篇。 This deletion scope was too odd, matter that no wonder 200 years have not completed, his father and son two generations of handled. 这删减幅度太离谱了,难怪两百年没做完的事,他父子两代人搞定了。 About the deletion reason, he wrote the deletion explanation to keep the files, was roughly three types. 关于删减原因,他写了删减说明留档了,大体为三种。 The first type is to repeat the table of contents, therefore deleted. 第一种是重复篇目,所以删了。 The second type, Liu Xiang thinks is the pseudograph, therefore deleted. 第二种,刘向认为是伪作,所以删了。 The third type, is because did not tally some revered the thought of Confucianist method at that time alone, but was deleted. 第三种,则是因为不符合当时一些独尊儒术的思想,而被删了。 Dong Zhongshu advocated that the Celestial induces, universal, reveres the Confucianist method alone. By Liu Xiang Liu Xin father and son period, is the mainstream idea. 董仲舒提倡天人感应、大一统、独尊儒术。到了刘向刘歆父子时期,已经是主流思想。 Xun Zi advocated ‚day line has often, does not save for Yao, does not perish for Jie’, these words do not conform to the Celestial to induce the theory very much, but well, because is too famous, does not need him to reorganize everyone to know, therefore he did not delete. 荀子则主张‘天行有常,不为尧存,不为桀亡’,这句话就很不符合天人感应理论,但好在因为太有名,不用他整理都人人知道,所以他也删不了。 But it can be imagined, hidden hidden in innumerable bamboo slip, is not known, so long as did not conform to at that time the environment, was deleted when the reorganization. 但可想而知,一些隐藏在无数竹简中的隐篇,不为人所知的,只要不符合当时大环境的,都在整理时都被删除了。 Xun Zi's work shrank ten times like this. 荀子的著作就这样缩水了十倍。 Shan Hai Jing also such as is, there is such a deletion explanation. 山海经亦如是,也有这样的删减说明。 After Liu Xin calibrates, wrote «On Shan Hai Jing Table», the general idea/careless is: I calibrated Shan Hai Jing 32, now kept 18. 刘歆校准完后,写了个《上山海经表》,大意是:我校准了山海经三十二篇,今留了十八篇。 He collated books was short of 14 the Shan Hai Jing school while still alive! 他校书活活把山海经校少了十四篇！ As for that 14 content, he simply has not raised, has been lost thoroughly, the later generation definitely is unable to know. Qinshihuangling that only if has not dug, will give a pleasant surprise in the future. 至于那十四篇的内容,他根本没提,已经彻底失传,后人完全无法知晓了。除非尚未挖完的秦始皇陵,未来给个惊喜。 Liu Xin is the Confucianist study grandmaster, his reorganization makes many ancient books be able to be handed down for generations, subsequently remains today. 刘歆是儒家经学宗师,他的整理让很多典籍得以传世,继而留到今天。 May also let a lot of table of contents contents, did not have from his hand directly. 可也让很多篇目内容,直接就从他手上没了。 Moreover Liu Xin moral behavior is truly not much, in his eyes, the scrip­tures itself/Ben is a tool. 而且刘歆的人品确实不怎么样,在他眼里,经文本就是工具。 He is Wang Mang usurps the throne the biggest hero, Wang Mang depends on the public opinion high-rank, but in person who at that time flattered Wang Mang innumerably, Liu Xin is a lead goat, was at that time the academic culture domain highest authority. 他是王莽篡位最大的功臣,王莽靠舆论上位,而当时无数吹捧王莽的人中,刘歆就是领头羊,是当时学术文化领域的最高权威。 Two people this on the intersection dozens years, is a pal. Wang Mang to realize the political ambition, needs a new theory to take oneself theoretical weapon, but classical economics that Liu Xin promoted, quite some favored it usurping the content that the man (Han) seized power, therefore Wang Mang vigorously supported Liu Xin to carry out the classical economics using the strength of political power, simultaneously received in exchange for Liu Xin and the others, usurping power for its solid position using the classical economics with reforms creates the public opinion, provided the rationale. 两人本就相交几十年,是铁哥们。王莽为了实现政治欲望,需要有一种新的学说作为自己的理论武器,而刘歆所鼓吹的古文经学,其中颇有一些利于其篡汉夺权的内容,所以王莽利用政权的力量大力支持刘歆推行古文经学,同时换取刘歆等人利用古文经学为其固位、篡权和托古改革造舆论,提供理论基础。 After Wang Mang usurps the throne, presents Liu Xinwei country master, basically is to make Liu Xin his public opinion mouthpiece. 王莽篡位后,奉刘歆为国师,基本就是让刘歆成为他的舆论喉舌。 During Wang Mang is ‚fake emperor’, Liu Xin made a foolish matter. 然而在王莽做‘假皇帝’期间,刘歆做了一件蠢事。 He unfortunately, in making a name for oneself, life peak time, does not know what reason, changes name to itself Liu Xiu. Some people said that he also wants to be the emperor by the public opinion, who knows that for the time being regards as does not know what reason. 他好死不死,在功成名就,人生巅峰的时候,不知道什么原因,把自己改名刘秀。有人说他也想靠舆论当皇帝,但谁知道呢,姑且视为不知道什么原因。 In brief after Wang Mang usurps the throne ascends the throne, the society has a prophecy word to be even more popular, meaning is roughly Liu Xiu works as is an emperor. 总之在王莽篡位登基后,社会有一句谶言越发热门起来,大体的意思就是刘秀当为天子。 What character is Wang Mang? Devotes to the man of reform, was the emperor he first step to realize, how to allow a Liu Xiu to do the trick? Therefore did not think of the former friendship, the charge that to plot to assassinate the emperor directly, killed Liu Xin this most important Wen Xuan. 王莽是什么人物？致力于改革的男人,当了皇帝他的第一步已经实现,怎么允许出来一个‘刘秀’搞幺蛾子？于是丝毫不念旧情,直接以谋刺皇帝的罪名,把刘歆这个最重要的文宣员杀了。 Does not name well, changes this to make the name that. 叫什么名字不好,改这个作死的名字。 When kills Liu Xin, true Liu Xiu is a farmer, cowherds at home, and joked: ‚How you know Liu Xiu who that will work as the emperor, isn't I?’ 杀死刘歆时,真正的刘秀还是个农民,在家放牛,并且与人开玩笑说:‘你们怎么知道那个会当天子的刘秀,不会是我呢？’ Naturally, did Emperor Guangwu have real said that these words do not know, but really had that prophecy word at that time, and almost all people, think Liu Xiu who the prophecy called the turn, was Liu Xin. 当然,光武帝有没有真说这句话就不知道了,但当时确实有那句谶言,并且几乎所有人,都认为谶言中的刘秀,就是刘歆。 Liu Xin this name is much good, is from Shi Jing Daya: ‚Its fragrant beginning rises, God occupies admires’. Finally must change name, hence keeps integrity in later years. 刘歆这名字多好,取自诗经・大雅:‘其香始升,上帝居歆’。结果非要改名,至此晚节不保。 Said so many, actually wants saying that with his moral behavior, I thinks Liu Xin in Shan Hai Jing, deleted very important antiquity history. 说这么多,其实就是想说,以他的人品,我认为刘歆在山海经上,删减了很多很重要的上古历史。 In Shan Hai Jing, should have massively the description about five emperors deeds, is only left over few few words now. 原本山海经中,应该有大量的关于五帝事迹的描述,如今只剩下极少数只言片语了。 Why Liu can Xin delete 14 contents? If only the myth, why he does want to compete with a book of occult and uncanny things? 为什么刘歆要删除十四篇内容？如果只是神话,他干嘛要跟一本怪力乱神的书较劲？ Deletes the book in light of him three big reasons, the redundant table of contents, possibly has, but is impossible is. 结合他删书的三大原因,重复篇目,可能有,但不可能全是。 He thinks that is the pseudograph? This is completely not possible, must say the pseudograph, he simply all thinks that is false does not complete? strange book of so mystical, does not know, no pseudograph view the authors. 他认为是伪作？这个就完全不可能了,要说伪作,他干脆全认为是伪作不好吗？一本如此神异的奇书,连作者都不知道,没有什么伪作不伪作的说法。 Finally is only left over one type: Does not conform to the thing that the Confucianist propagandizes. 最后就只剩下一种:不符合儒家宣传的东西。 And this thing, with the extant 18 contents is not a nature, otherwise must delete deletes together. 并且这个东西,跟现存的十八篇内容不是一个性质,否则要删就一起删了。 Therefore in Shan Hai Jing deleted 14, or has massively, is similar ‚past Yao virtue fades to «Bamboo Annals», for Shun imprisons’ and ‚Dayu according to the summer by anti- Shun’ this and so on opinion. 所以山海经被删除的十四篇中,或有大量的,类似于《竹书纪年》中‘昔尧德衰,为舜所囚’、‘大禹据夏地以抗舜’这之类的言论。 This opinion, was ultimate is unharmonious in Western Han Dynasty, in later also basically was the banned book, only has us to be able now freely hundred degrees celsius. 这种言论,在西汉是终极不和谐,在之后也基本是禁书,唯有现在我们才能自由地百度到它。 After all this/should opinion overthrew the Confucianist foundation directly, Confucius before urging for a lifetime returned to three generations, flattered the happiness of Yao and Shun Yu enlightened emperor prosperous times crazily. 毕竟该言论直接推翻儒家根基了,孔子一辈子都在呼吁回到三代以前,疯狂吹捧尧舜禹圣君盛世的美好。 If your Shan Hai Jing is like Bamboo Annals, disseminates what Shun to exile Yao, Dayu persecutes to death Emperor Shun depending on the merit, Liu Xinshan 14 are very normal. 你山海经倘若跟竹书纪年一样,传播什么舜流放尧,大禹挟功劳逼死舜帝,那刘歆删个十四篇很正常。 How however something ban again, will spread, for example has Bamboo Annals this type of ancient book to leave behind the single opinion. For example has Li Bai to write poetry «Is separated by a great distance to»:...... Or clouds: Yao imprisons, Shun wild dies. Nine doubt continuously all similar, is the heavy pupil this solitary one grave unexpectedly what? The emperor's children sob green cloud gap/between, along with the disturbance does not have. The sorrowful cry to look into the distance, sees the remote mountain of Cangwu. The Cangwu landslide Hunan water certainly, on the bamboo the tears then it will be possible extinguish. 不过有些东西再怎么禁,还是会流传的,譬如就有竹书纪年这种古书留下一家之言。譬如就有李白作诗《远别离》:……或云:尧幽囚,舜野死。九疑联绵皆相似,重瞳孤坟竟何是？帝子泣兮绿云间,随风波兮去无还。恸哭兮远望,见苍梧之深山。苍梧山崩湘水绝,竹上之泪乃可灭。 Li Bai this poem showed, in atmosphere open Tang Dynasty, was some small number of ancient books or few words, had to spread about the antiquity history subverts three views another view. 李白这诗说明,在风气开放的唐代,还是有少数典籍或只言片语,有流传关于上古历史颠覆三观的另一种说法的。 Hence, the above elaborated...... 至此,以上论述…… Through moral behavior that Liu admires, Liu Xin achievement, original intention and selfishness that as well as he collates books. 通过刘歆的人品,刘歆的作为,以及他校书的初衷和私心。 I think in Shan Hai Jing for the time being, the hidden had massive antiquity history, the main part, was deleted. Leaves behind some geography, animals, plant, gods and ghosts and religious custom and other contents. 我个人姑且认为山海经中,隐藏有大量上古历史,其中主要的部分,被删除。留下一些地理、动物、植物、神怪和宗教风俗等内容。 And, but also stayed behind few, Liu Xin thinks no issue, harmless ‚history’, but these history, is, not realistic legend that we think! 其中,还留下了少量的,刘歆认为没什么问题的,无伤大雅的‘历史’,而那些历史,则是我们所认为的,不现实的神话传说！ I believe that Shan Hai Jing, contained massive historic truth inevitably! 我认为,山海经,必然包含了大量的历史真相！ Liu Xin with own method, the hidden buried that genuine historical text, made the millenniums of antiquity blank. 刘歆用自己的方法,隐藏埋没了那真正历史文本,制造了上古空白的千年。 Must know Sima Qian in the past, was writing a history book, if Shan Hai Jing is only the encyclopedia mixed books, he does not write does not write, why can raise Shan Hai Jing? Why must come one ‚Yu Benji, Shan Hai Jing, doesn't dare to say?’ 要知道司马迁当年,本来就是在写一本史书,山海经如果只是百科杂书,那他不写就不写,为何要提山海经？为何要来一句‘禹本纪、山海经,余不敢言也？’ What kind of standpoint he is, what kind of complex mentality writes down such words? I do not know. 他到底是怎样的立场,怎样的复杂的心态写下这样的话？我不知道。 But at least, Sima Qian believes, Shan Hai Jing contained the history, and has the qualifications to include Records of the Grand Historian, at least affects the Records of the Grand Historian content the thing! Otherwise he raises does not need to raise. 但至少,司马迁自己都认为,山海经包含了历史,并且是有资格列入史记,至少影响史记内容的东西！否则他提都不用提。 He is writing a history time, refers to Yu Benji, refers to Shan Hai Jing, finally the decision does not dare to say. 他在写史记时,参考禹本纪,参考山海经,最后决定不敢言。 Perhaps, that violated his world outlook. 或许,那违背了他的世界观。 Must know that Sima Qian and Dong Zhongshu have masters and disciples to relate, in «Records of the Grand Historian Five emperors Discipline», chose the Confucianist mainstream view. 要知道司马迁与董仲舒有一层师徒关系,在《史记・五帝本纪》中,就选择了儒家主流的说法。 Various legends that if Shan Hai Jing records, contradict with it, he naturally can only choose, but ‚does not dare to say’ to another. 如果山海经记载的各种传说,与其相悖,他自然只能选择其中一个,而对另一个‘不敢言’。 Sima Qian said that the goal of these words, is the history book that because Shan Hai Jing must write with him is related, he is writing five emperors discipline to himself, but conducts an explanation. 司马迁说这句话的目的,就是因为山海经与他要写的史书相关,他是在对自己把五帝本纪那么写,而进行一个解释。 Shan Hai Jing, it has not deleted the edition, perhaps is another historic truth. 山海经,其未删减版本,或许是另一种历史真相。 ...... …… In order to let everyone understands, perhaps was wordier. I have not written the paper, excuses me. 为了让大家看懂,或许啰嗦了一些。我也没写过论文,见谅。 But I need wordy these, because I understood to all of Shan Hai Jing personally, will establish under the above central thought. 但我必须要啰嗦这些,因为我对山海经的一切个人理解,都将建立在以上的中心思想下。 My all explanations to Shan Hai Jing, by this ‚first impressions are most lasting’! 我对山海经的所有解读,都将以此‘先入为主’！ Today in the length, only discusses story «Kua Fu chasing the sun» limitedly temporarily. 今天有限于篇幅,暂时只谈一个故事《夸父逐日》。 This story most has stemmed from Shan Hai Jing, some Shan Hai Jing people said that in the Warring States period book in circulation, I think that early, several are at least earlier. 该故事最早就出自山海经,山海经有人说在战国时期才成书,我认为更早一些,至少其中几篇更早。 My reason is very simple, because Liezi also told this story. 我的理由很简单,因为列子也讲了这个故事。 In «Liezi Tang Asked» in third writes: ‚Kua Fu overestimated one's abilities, wants to pursue the day shadow, by it in Yugu. The thirsty desire drinks, goes to drinks the river and Wei. The river and Wei are less , north will walk drinks Daisawa. Not, thirsty and dies. Abandons its stick, the corpse paste meat soaks, lives Deng Lin. Deng Lin is more broad several thousand li (0.5 km).’ 在《列子・汤问》之中的第三篇写了:‘夸父不量力,欲追日影,逐之于隅谷之际。渴欲得饮,赴饮河、渭。河、渭不足,将走北饮大泽。未至,道渴而死。弃其杖,尸膏肉所浸,生邓林。邓林弥广数千里焉。’ How then Shan Hai Jing writes? 那么山海经是怎么写的呢？ «Shan Hai Jing North Overseas Passing through»: ‚Kua Fu and day drove out, enter day, thirsty, wanted to drink, drinks in river, Wei, the river and Wei were less, north drank Daisawa. Not, thirsty and dies. Abandons its stick, changes into Deng Lin.’ 《山海经・海外北经》:‘夸父与日逐走,入日,渴,欲得饮,饮于河、渭,河、渭不足,北饮大泽。未至,道渴而死。弃其杖,化为邓林。’ Who quotes anyone, clear. 谁引用谁,一目了然。 The Shan Hai Jing expression is brief, regarding the description of Kua Fu mentality, has not had the thing of excessive detail. Some are only the calm writing, and has no statement of subjective thought. 山海经言辞简略,没有对于夸父心态的描写,没有过分细节的东西。有的只是冷静的文字,且没有任何主观思想的陈述。 Compares, Liezi actually wrote ‚Kua Fu to overreach oneself’, wrote ‚Kua Fu to pursue corner valley’, writing ‚the gypsum meat soaked’ and ‚Deng Lin more broad several thousand li (0.5 km)’ this detail. 相比起来,列子却写了‘夸父不自量力’,写了‘夸父追到了隅谷’,写了‘石膏肉所浸’、‘邓林弥广数千里焉’这种细节。 It is well known, «Liezi Tang Asked» is one tenth in the fable book of Warring States period, Yanshi displayed skills, with dogged perseverance and Bian Que close friend, to have groundless fears, Confucius to see two young children to debate day...... to stem from. 众所周知,《列子・汤问》是一本成于战国时期的寓言书,偃师献技、愚公移山、扁鹊换心、杞人忧天、孔子见两小儿辩日……都出自其中。 Lie Yukou, the thing that likes seeing brings specially, reorganizes, expressed own view, made the fable, disseminated some thoughts and feelings. 列御寇这个人,特别喜欢将一些看到的东西拿来,改编一下,表达自己的看法,做成寓言,传播一些思想感情。 Naturally, he also wrote many covert truth, because he has read full page Shan Hai Jing absolutely, and just like the father, read the book collection of many week king royal palace. 当然,他也写了很多隐蔽的真相,因为他绝对看过完整版山海经,并且和老子一样,读了很多周王宫室的藏书。 About something of Liezi, this length is insufficient, not to mention. 关于列子的一些东西,这个篇幅不够,暂且不说。 Does great things, close friend also to have Confucius that obviously is the fables. 只是移山、换心还有孔子那个明显都是寓言。 Kua Fu chasing the sun that he writes, typical contains of thoughts and feelings, was he added subjectively. 他写的夸父逐日,就是典型的包含思想感情的那种,是他加了主观的。 However Shan Hai Jing is not, Shan Hai Jing with the indifferent writing, stated Kua Fu's matter lightly. 但是山海经不是,山海经用冷漠的文字,淡淡地陈述了夸父的事。