MHAG :: Volume #7

#656: Delphi

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Agesilaus brothers peaceful colored glaze Tiyas died in battle in Carchi Diaz peninsula, Agesilaus by the attack, was fallen ill again. 阿格西劳斯的兄弟泰琉提亚斯在卡尔基狄亚半岛战死,阿格西劳斯倍受打击,再次病倒。 Finally convened an army by another Sparta king Agassi Polis in the allied country of Peloponnese peninsula again, goes to the northern Greece again, attacks Carchi Diaz Union. 最终由另一位斯巴达王阿格西波里斯重新在伯罗奔尼撒半岛的盟邦中招集了一支大军,再次前往北希腊,进攻卡尔基狄亚同盟。 Finally when Agassi Polis arrives in the northern Greece is the midsummer, he misfortune has the fever because of the intense summer heat, has not battled with the enemy dies of illness. 结果阿格西波里斯到达北希腊时正值盛夏,他因为酷暑而不幸染上热病,还未与敌人激战就病死了。 Spartan’s Gerousia in a hurry funeral that holds the king, sends out to expedite the successor of Carchi Diaz Union again, after struggle continually, in the third year spring( i.e. the Theonia 13 years , forcing Olynthos to surrender and dissolve the union in 380 B. C.), meanwhile made other city-state in Carchi Diaz peninsula be forced to join the Sparta union, the Macedonia coastal city also returns King Macedonia Amintas, Sparta obtained in the northern Greece supreme position. 斯巴达长老议事会在匆匆的举行完国王的葬礼之后,再次派出远征卡尔基狄亚同盟的继任者,经过连番的苦战,在第三年春季(即戴奥尼亚十三年,公元前380年),迫使奥林图斯投降并解散了同盟,同时还让卡尔基狄亚半岛上的其他城邦被迫加入斯巴达同盟,马其顿的沿海城市也都归还了马其顿国王阿明塔斯,斯巴达一举获得了在北希腊至高无上的地位。 But is luxurious when the northern Greece war fierce combat, the Sparta person adopts the coercive policy in the Peloponnese peninsula, before they force in peninsula city-state colored glaze recalls, to be sent into exile aristocrat outside, finally the aristocrats and civilians erupted into the war, Sparta supported the aristocrat. After a half year of sieging, forcing Lius to surrender, then according to the Sparta wish, practiced the new regime. 而在北希腊战事激战正酣期间,斯巴达人在伯罗奔尼撒半岛采取高压政策,他们逼迫半岛中部的一个城邦弗琉斯招回之前被放逐在外的贵族,结果贵族与平民爆发战争,斯巴达支持了贵族。经过半年的围困,迫使弗留斯投降,然后按照斯巴达的意愿,实行了新的政体。 But in central Greece, Sparta is controlling Thebes, after supporting Platia, obtains the attachment of other Piaoxia city-state, the Sparta influence starts to expand to the eastern Attica area and western Kiess area in the Piaoxia area of central Greece...... 而在中希腊中部,斯巴达在控制底比斯,扶持普拉蒂亚之后,又得到皮奥夏其他城邦的依附,斯巴达的势力在中希腊中部的皮奥夏地区开始向东部的阿提卡地区、西部的弗基斯地区扩张…… Passed the rain the spring, is the burning hot summer. Commander Polibbi Haddas who north Sparta drafts leads the army to triumph to return from northern Greece. Before entering the smooth fertile Piaoxia area, they must first through Thessaly, Marris, Doris, Kiess and other areas, here have many places to be worth as General Sparta of returning in triumph worshipping. 度过多雨的春季,就是炎热的夏季。斯巴达北征的统帅波利比阿达斯率领军队从北希腊得胜回返。在进入平坦肥沃的皮奥夏地区之前,他们首先要通过塞萨利、马利斯、多利斯、佛基斯等地区,这里有很多个地方是值得作为得胜归来的斯巴达将军去祭拜的。 First is Mount Oeta ( Oeta ), in the hearsay ancestor Hercules of Sparta royal family in this General Shan offers sacrifices on a cremation pile, and ascends to heaven to join the Olympus mountain Gods big family in the flame. 首先是欧伊铁山峰(Oeta),传闻中斯巴达王室的祖先赫拉克勒斯就是在这座山上将自己献祭在一座火葬堆上,并在火焰中升天加入奥林匹斯山众神大家庭的。 Next when bridges over the narrow mountain pass, the narrowest channel can hold two wagons to pass merely abreast in row, this channel is called Thermopylae, its name can arouse the intense resonance among the Sparta officers, because hundred years ago Sparta King Fortin leads his 300 guards to fight against the Persia army here, and died in battle completely, was the Sparta soldier won the immortal glory, almost when every Sparta army after here must worship. 其次在跨过狭窄的关隘的时候,其中最为狭窄的通道仅仅能够容纳两辆四轮马车并排通过,这个通道被叫做温泉关,它的名字在斯巴达将士中间能够引起强烈的共鸣,因为百年前斯巴达国王莱昂尼达带领他的300卫士就是在这里抗击波斯大军,并且全部战死,为斯巴达战士赢得了不朽的荣耀,几乎每一次斯巴达军队经过这里时都要进行祭拜。 After climbing mountains and crossing rivers rugged mountain road, entered a scrap for the lowland that is famous bountifully, it called Doris the plain, in the Greek Population the name of Dorian must come from this place( the Sparta person was also Dorian). Several hundred years ago, migrates Greeks that first to rest in the Doris plain from the bleak north temporarily, and invaded the hills to surround and spread in the lowlands of various coastline places finally. Several hundred years pass by, they have put behind own barbarian status, such as the Sparta person has declared oneself were the bloodlines of Hercules, the occupied area Sparta once king black ink Laos descendant. 在跋涉完崎岖的山道后,就进入了一小块以富饶著称的低地,它叫多利斯平原,希腊种群中多利安人的名字就是从这个地方得来的(斯巴达人也是多利安人)。几百年前,从荒凉的北方迁移来的希腊人先是在多利斯平原暂时歇息,并最终侵入了群山环绕、散布在海岸线各处的低地。几百年过去,他们已经忘却了自己的蛮夷身份,如斯巴达人一直宣称自己是赫拉克勒斯的血脉,占领地斯巴达曾经的国王墨涅拉俄斯的后裔。 South of the Doris plain, close to the Corinth bay, has an entire Greek well-known mountain, named Parr Nasos. In the legend on this steep mountain occupies a giant python to call the skin with, to eat the person to be famous, when pulling strings of Hera, had chased down childhood Apollo and Al very Nice brother and sister as well as their mother Retaux. Growing up Apollo arrives on this mountain, found this to swallow the eagle group in the alone gloomy canyon the giant monster, shot dead him with the fatal bow and arrow, thus becomes master who rules this stretch of area. 在多利斯平原以南、靠近科林斯海湾,同样有一座全希腊都知名的高山,名叫帕尔纳索斯。传说中这座陡峭的山上盘踞着一个巨大的蟒蛇叫皮同,以吃人著称,曾经在赫拉的指使下,追杀过幼年时的阿波罗、阿尔忒尼斯兄妹以及他们的母亲勒托。长大成人的阿波罗来到这座山上,找到了这个正在孤寂阴暗的峡谷中吞噬鹰群的巨大怪物,用致命的弓箭射死了他,从而成为了统治这片地区的主人。 Apollo planted the laurel, purifies this sacred lands. Afterward people felled the laurel the branch, and constructed one after another Apollo temple here, here became the entire Greeks oracle sacred place-Delphi. 阿波罗种下了月桂树,来净化这片神圣的土地。后来人们砍伐月桂树的树枝,并在这里修建起一座又一座阿波罗神庙,这里就成了全希腊人的神谕圣地-德尔斐。 This place high mountains and dense forests, are arid and barren, the local residents are hard to live. 这个地方山高林密,土壤贫瘠,当地居民难以为生。 Apollo said to them: „Protects my temple, the crowd that the enthusiasm receives the visit.” 阿波罗对他们说:“守护我的神庙,热情接待来访的人群。” Therefore the Delphi people become the Apollo priest, they construct the huge Apollo temple group, fair charges the same fee to the person who each seeking oracle and worships. Because the rightness of Delphi priest, enabling more and more Greeks to trust Delphi oracle, and believes: In the air pure Parnassus last every year nine months, deity Apollo will live there. 于是德尔菲的民众都成为了阿波罗的祭司,他们修建起庞大的阿波罗神庙群,公正的向每一位来求取神谕和祭拜的人收取相同的费用。正因为德尔菲祭司的这种公正,使得越来越多的希腊人信任德尔菲的神谕,并且坚信:在空气纯净的帕尔纳索斯山上每年有九个月的时间,天神阿波罗都会在那里居住。 When because in the hearsay Zeus just won the throne of dominant world, wants the national territory that measures itself to inherit, respectively emits two eagles to the East and West, quarrels however flies, observes soaring of two eagles, by determining the center of the world, the result two eagles meets in Delphi, Zeus left behind a giant stone egg here- old man Peleg( this stone egg preserves as the mark until now), therefore Delphi is the reputation big chirp, went beyond the Greek race, in entire Mediterranean well-known. Therefore, the Delphi priests also welcome the foreign land person to come to here to implore oracle. 又因为传闻中宙斯刚登上统治世界的宝座时,想要丈量自己继承的这片国土,分别向东方和西方放出两只鹰,相向而飞,观察两只鹰的飞翔情况,以确定世界的中心,结果两只鹰在德尔斐会合,宙斯在此留下了一个巨大的石蛋-翁法勒作为标记(这个石蛋留存至今),因此德尔菲更是名声大噪,超越了希腊种族,在整个地中海都知名。为此,德尔菲祭司们还欢迎异邦人来这里祈求神谕。 When city-state of each mutual battle comes to seek the ruling of Delphi oracle, they are complete believes the ruling of oracle. Therefore, the Delphi neutrality must be guaranteed, otherwise his consequence no one can undertake. 当各个互相争斗的城邦前来寻求德尔菲神谕的判决时,它们是完全的相信神谕的判决。因此,德尔菲的中立性就必须得到保证,否则其后果无人能够承担。 200 years ago, neighboring powerful city-state Crissa ( Crisa ) tries to annex Delphi time, the entire Greece was vibrated, and launched the angry counter-attack, many city-state composition allied armies defend this sacred area, they even violate the tradition of Greece, poisons to the rivers that the Crissa person drinks, the Crissa city was broken through, this irreverent city was razed to the ground, separates the bay that to be taken the Greek mainland and Peloponnese peninsula in this great Kiess city-state is called the Crissa bay, after the war ended, in important city-state Corinth by isthmus names. More than 200 years pass by, the wilderness that Crissa was in the past was still a desolateness, no one dares to live, because this was by the place that the god cursed. 200年前,邻近的一个强大的城邦克利萨(Crisa)试图吞并德尔菲的时候,整个希腊都被震动,并且发动了愤怒的反击,很多城邦组成联军来保卫这块神圣的地区,它们甚至违反希腊的传统,向克利萨人饮用的河流中投毒,克利萨城被攻破,这座不虔诚的城市被夷为平地,将希腊大陆与伯罗奔尼撒半岛分隔开的海湾原本摄于这座伟大的佛基斯城邦而叫做克利萨湾,战争结束后则以地峡上的重要城邦科林斯来命名。200多年过去,克利萨当年所在的原野仍然是一片荒芜,没人敢去居住,因为这是受神诅咒的地方。 After experiencing this most frigid lesson, Delphi peripheral city-state established a close neighbor union, namely secure Fike raises Ognes Union, it included Thessalian and to raise Otis person and Locri this person and Kiess person and Piaoxia person and Athenians...... city-state in Peloponnese peninsula also under the leadership of Sparta to join afterward one after another. 在经历了这次最为惨烈的教训之后,德尔菲周边的城邦建立了一个近邻同盟,即安菲克提奥涅同盟,它包括了塞萨利人、弗提奥提斯人、洛克里斯人、佛基斯人、皮奥夏人、雅典人……后来伯罗奔尼撒半岛上的城邦也在斯巴达的带领下陆续加入了进来。 The main purpose of this union is to protect the Delphi neutrality, does not permit any influence injury and annexes Delphi, therefore this union is called the Holy Alliance. Each allied country provides two representatives to take one of the entire union conference, every year the Spring and Autumn Period two seasons hold a conference in Delphi, discussed that governance to the Delphi area, management that the maintenance of temple, conducting and Apollo of Saint Pythia games produces. In this way, Delphi oracle and priest aristocrat obtained the independent position, Delphi also prosperity. 这个同盟的主要目的就是保护德尔菲的中立,不允许任何势力伤害和吞并德尔菲,因此这个同盟又叫做神圣同盟。每一个盟邦提供两名代表作为整个同盟会议的一员,每年春秋两季在德尔菲召开一次会议,商讨对德尔菲地区的治理,神庙的维护,皮提亚运动会的举办以及阿波罗圣产的管理。通过这种方式,德尔菲的神谕和祭司贵族获得了独立的地位,德尔菲也更加的繁荣。 On this day, the aristocrat priests from various Delphi places is stepping on the curving stone steps, arrives on a steep hillside, is built the Apollo Lord God temple that to be situated by the giant stone here. It backs on the Parnassus straight and bare cliff, overlooks the front profound Pryse Tus mountain valley, gives the solemn dignified feeling. 这一天,来自德尔菲各处的贵族祭司踩着弯弯曲曲的石阶,来到一座陡峭的山坡上,由巨石砌成的阿波罗主神庙就坐落在这里。它背靠帕尔纳索斯山笔直而光秃秃的悬崖,俯视前方幽深的普莱斯图斯山谷,给人以冷峻庄严的感觉。 Nine powerful Apollo priests several hundred years ago lives in Delphi the representatives of nine Greek Tribes, with nine priests sit in the temple is actually a woman. 九位位高权重的阿波罗祭司是从几百年前就生活在德尔菲的九支希腊部落的代表,还有一位与九位祭司同坐在庙内的却是一个女人。 This is a body is withered, on skin relaxation and face water-worn elderly woman. She is ordinary, the prestige in entire Greeks is enormous, because is she enters the oracle institute, in being full of the fumigation of sulfur aura, brings Apollo oracle for the people. She does not have oneself name, she is called Pythia, each representative Apollo issued that oracle called Pythia. 这是一位身体干瘪、皮肤松弛、脸上沟壑纵横的老年妇女。她貌不惊人,在全希腊人中却威望极大,因为就是她走进神谕所,在充满硫磺气息的熏蒸中,为民众带来阿波罗的神谕。她没有自己的名字,她就叫做皮提亚,每一任的代表阿波罗发布神谕者都叫皮提亚。 Ten people sit in a circle in the temple, looks dignified. 十个人围坐在庙内,神情凝重。 Is the senior priest of head is officiating Hill Sittace of this Apollo Lord God temple, he says: „Before one hour, I just sent off Sparta general Polibbi Haddas who conquers Carchi Diaz. Before north the Sparta person drafts, Sparta king Agesilaus sends people for his going to battle to seek oracle, his time comes to thank Apollo to his direction. Sparta person's sincerity to the Apollo, making one sigh! However-” 为首的老祭司是这座阿波罗主神庙的主祭西尔西塔斯,他开口说道:“一个小时前,我刚刚送走了征服卡尔基狄亚的斯巴达将领波利比阿达斯。在斯巴达人北征之前,斯巴达王阿格西劳斯派人为他的出征求取了神谕,他这次来是为了感谢阿波罗对他的指引。斯巴达人对阿波罗的热诚,令人感叹！但是-” A Hill Sittace thread of conversation revolution, the sinking sound said: „He actually brought four fully-armed soldiers, and made them step sacred Parnassus, after I raised the protest, he made these soldiers descend the mountain!” 西尔西塔斯话锋一转,沉声说道:“他却带来了四名全副武装的士兵,并让他们踏上了神圣的帕尔纳索斯山,在我提出抗议后,他才让这几名士兵下了山！” „This is blasphemes! This sacred region does not allow to enter with the person of sharp weapon, this is the well-known matter, these Sparta people should be punished!” Nearby priest angry shouting. “这是亵渎！这片神圣的区域不允许身带利器的人进入,这是众所周知的事情,这几名斯巴达人应该受到严惩！”旁边一名祭司愤怒的喊道。 „Severe punishment? Sparta person barbaric and uncouthly is becomes famous, if they cause havoc, meeting with a disaster, but we, must know their armies stationed in the north not far Doris plain.” Another priest helpless saying. “严惩？斯巴达人的野蛮和粗鲁是出了名的,万一他们大闹起来,遭殃的可是我们,要知道他们的军队就驻扎在北面不远的多利斯平原。”另一名祭司无奈的说道。 „Does the Sparta person also dare to command the army to enter Delphi?! If they dare to do, the entire Greece will organize anti- Sparta union again a time, wants to destroy completely Crissa to be the same, thorough destruction Sparta!” Another priest angry saying. “难道斯巴达人还敢率军进入德尔斐吗？！如果他们敢那么做,全希腊就会再组织一次反斯巴达同盟,想灭掉克利萨一样,彻底的毁灭斯巴达！”另一位祭司愤怒的说道。 „The Sparta person will not make this foolish matter, the respect to Delphi are as good to their ancestor Hercules.” Officiates Sitares to interrupt their quarrels, anxious saying: „But the power balance of Greece had been broken, after city-state more and more attachment Sparta of Greece, the Holy Alliance almost became Sparta to decide alone, the neutrality in Delphi was very difficult maintains, this survival to Delphi was very big threat!” “斯巴达人不会做这种蠢事,他们对德尔斐的尊敬并不亚于对他们的祖先赫拉克勒斯。”主祭西塔尔西斯打断他们的争吵,忧虑的说道:“但是希腊的势力平衡已经被打破,在中希腊的城邦越来越多的依附斯巴达之后,神圣同盟就几乎成了斯巴达独自说了算,德尔斐的中立就很难保持,这对德尔斐的生存是很大的威胁！”
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