Since the conclusion of economic conference, the power industry was listed as Austria to benefit over the next ten years the new pillar industry, with has the heavy industry that it followed. 随着经济会议的结束,电力产业被列为奥地利未来十年新的支柱产业,与之相伴随的还有重工业。 Until now, Austria benefits the heavy industry the industrial scale is also astronomical figures. Related to the industry is mainly: Steel and iron, metallurgy, coal, machinery and chemical industry...... 时至今日,奥地利重工业的产业规模也是一个天文数字。涉及到的产业主要是:钢铁、冶金、煤炭、机械、化工…… From the classification, the electric power can also be one of the heavy industry, relation of both sides is close. Because only started, own industrial scale is also big, single row. 从分类上来说,电力也可以算是重工业的一种,双方的联系非常紧密。只不过因为刚刚起步,自身的产业规模又非常大,才单列了出来。 Pillar industry quantity not possible many, since the electric power and heavy industry turned into the new pillar industry, naturally also has the industry to drop from „pillar industry”. 支柱产业数量不可能多,既然电力和重工业变成了新的支柱产业,自然也有产业从“支柱产业”中跌落下来。 Without a doubt, replaced is „railroad”. Did not mean that the railroad is unimportant, mainly passed through more than 20 years of hard work, most railroads in Austria benefit for the nation had built to complete. 毫无疑问,被取代的就是“铁路”。并不是说铁路不重要了,主要是经过了二十多年的苦干,奥地利国内的大部分铁路已修筑完成。 The railroad industry starts tends to be saturated, what under this condition need is the moderate development, does not need the government to invest too many resources. 铁路产业开始趋于饱和,这种状态下需要的是稳健发展,已经不需要政府投入太多的资源。 Besides the railroad, the agricultural development in fact also reached the limit. The local agriculture growth has fallen, the agriculture is so big, the grain is not the type many earns many. 除了铁路之外,农业发展实际上也到了极限。本土农业增长速度早就降了下来,农产品市场就这么大,粮食不是种得多就赚得多。 The present agricultural growth, is similar to the speed of population growth, Austria benefits occupies 70% of international farm export market, this share is almost impossible to further grow. 现在的农业增长速度,就和人口增长速度差不多,奥地利已经占据国际农产品出口市场的百分之七十,这个份额几乎不可能进一步增长。 How long even could not want, will also be under the Russia agricultural product impact that staged a comeback, wants to preserve the present market share to be difficult. 甚至要不了多久,还会受到卷土重来的俄国农产品冲击,想要保住现在的市场份额都非常困难。 In order to safeguard the healthy development of agriculture, Austria benefitted the agriculture to make the multiple adjustments, from initial agricultural product direct export, to afterward precision work agricultural export. 为了保障农业的健康发展,奥地利农业已经进行了多次调整,由最初的农产品直接出口,到后来的精加工农产品出口。 During this, includes in Lombardy and Venezia area promotion raw silk planter, develops the raw silk industry ; Promotes the grape planter in the Balkan Peninsula, did the wine industry. 这期间还包括在伦巴第和威尼西亚地区推广生丝种植,发展生丝产业;在巴尔干半岛推广葡萄种植,搞起了葡萄酒产业。 These approaches, reduce the grain yield artificially, to guarantee grain price. As the Prussia war breaks out, in the international market was short of Russia person competitor, in recent years the day felt better. 这些做法,都是人为降低粮食产量,以保证粮食价格。随着普俄战争爆发,国际市场上少了俄国人这个竞争对手,最近几年日子才好过了起来。 However this auspicious day, must end immediately. The Tsar government is negotiating with various countries, the debt that prepares before the grain charges reneges. 然而这种好日子,马上就要结束了。沙皇政府正在和各国谈判,准备以粮食冲抵之前赖掉的债务。 This was at the forced sale, if the creditors did not accept, then these debts never. Does not need to think, Franz also knows the plan of Alexander II can succeed. 这是在强卖了,要是债主们不接受,那么这些债务就永远不还了。不用想,弗朗茨也知道亚历山大二世的计划会成功的。 The Russian bear debt is not good to receive, even if sells at a discount, can take back part still to feel better complete wipe-out. Is all governments has the opinion, the capital will also make everyone compromise. 毛熊的债不好收,就算是打个折扣,能够收回一部分也好过血本无归。就是各国政府有意见,资本也会让大家妥协的。 Now disputes nothing but is the relations, sooner or later can come to an arrangement. Prevents the Russia person grain to enter the diplomatic barrier of international market, now had been swept clean by Alexander II. 现在争议的无非是利益问题,早晚都是可以谈妥的。阻挡俄国人粮食进入国际市场的外交障碍,现在已经被亚历山大二世扫清了。 The market is so big, you sell were many, others naturally little sold. Although this age lacks the grain the place to be many, what a pity has the purchasing power is only Europe. 市场就这么大,你卖的多了,别人自然就卖得少了。尽管这个年代缺粮的地方很多,可惜有购买力的只有欧洲。 If not the transportation of Russian Empire is powerful enough, constrained their grain export hind leg directly, the international grain price can immediately the bloody collapse. 如果不是俄罗斯帝国的交通够给力,直接拖住了他们粮食出口的后腿,国际粮价马上就会血崩。 To the grain capacity of Russia person, Franz has not suspected. Especially Alexander II does greatly opens up wasteland, threw off the table simply. 对俄国人的粮食产能,弗朗茨从来都没有怀疑过。尤其是亚历山大二世搞得大开荒,简直就是掀翻了桌子。 From the recent years, Alexander II encountered more than 20 assassinations, can show that his reform is irritant. 从最近几年,亚历山大二世遭遇了二十多次刺杀,就可以证明他的改革有多么招人恨。 Even the head not miraculous aristocrat still responded. What a pity the situation has become, the land has reclaimed, wanted to draw back again already late. 就算是脑袋再不灵光的贵族也反应了过来。可惜大势已成,土地已经开垦了出来,再想要退回去已经晚了。 Internal fight of Tsar government, Franz does not have the interest ginseng/partake to gather. Charges against the debt including Alexander II with the grain, he does not favor. 沙皇政府的内斗,弗朗茨没有兴趣参合。包括亚历山大二世用粮食冲抵债务,他并不怎么看好。 The good policy must look at the execution, the domestic grain is not Tsar. To be used to repay a debt, must first harvest the grain, and transports/fortunes. 再好的政策都要看执行,国内的粮食也不是沙皇的。想要用来还债,先得把粮食收起来,并且运出来。 Regardless of brought financial pressure for the time being, solely is the purchase grain, can some people carry out? In the face of the benefit, who can guarantee that these bureaucrats do not move. 带来的财政压力姑且不论,单单是收购粮食,这总得有人执行吧？在利益面前,谁能够保证这些官僚不动心。 Must know opens up wasteland greatly, Alexander II stares at that tightly, some people of grain rations that embezzle the farmer, but also has triggered the rebellion, and not only also one time. 要知道大开荒的时候,亚历山大二世盯得那么紧,都有人克扣农民的口粮,还引发过暴动,并且还不只是一次。 Levies grain taxes in the tax revenue form, will happen received 35 fights, or is emits one to be similar to „fire consumes” the words and expressions, legitimate fell to the floating froth. 以税收形式征粮,会发生多收了三五斗,或者是冒出一个类似于“火耗”的词语,合法的给漂沫掉了。 Spends money to buy the grain from the people hand directly, the bureaucrats will also practice fraud. The low price from the farmer hand buys directly, then handed over to sell to the capitalist to seek money, finally kept to report on accomplishments to Tsar on the line casually. 直接用钱从民众手中买粮,官僚们同样会上下其手。直接从农民手中低价强买,然后转手卖给资本家牟利,最后随便留点儿给沙皇交差就行了。 Only if the Tsar government decides a high price, is higher than the current price on market, the bureaucrats can get bigger interests, otherwise cannot receive how much grain. 除非沙皇政府定一个高价,比市场价更高,官僚们可以从中获得更大利益,不然是收不到多少粮食的。 The plan of Tsar government is unable to be carried out, the impact that but the Russia grain brings will not be small. So long as is profitable, the capitalists will transport to sell the grain. 沙皇政府的计划无法实现,但是俄国粮食带来的冲击却不会小。只要是有利可图,资本家们还是会把粮食运出去卖的。 Franz suspected, Alexander II is intentionally. First taking advantage of by grain paying off a debt in labor repertoire various countries, lets their open market. 弗朗茨非常怀疑,亚历山大二世是故意的。先借着以粮抵债套路各国,让他们开放市场。 The Tsar government the typical form charges against the debt to the grain every year likely, then makes the capitalists transport/fortune to sell out the grain. 沙皇政府每年象征式给点儿粮食冲抵债务,然后让资本家们把粮食运出去卖掉。 Does that although seems like the Tsar government not to make a profit, so long as in fact sold the domestic unsalable grain, that gains greatly. 这么做虽然看起来沙皇政府没有获利,实际上只要把国内滞销的粮食卖了出去,那就是大赚。 Even if various countries know the plan of Russia person, they will still push the boat along mostly. To the grain importer, can buy an inexpensive grain always good deed. 就算是各国知道了俄国人的计划,他们多半也会顺水推舟。对粮食进口国来说,能够买到廉价粮总是一件好事。 What the true benefit is affected is only the present grain exporter, Austria benefits is the biggest victim. Politically has not opposed, economically suddenly Austria both countries first gave to. 真正利益受损的只是现在粮食出口国,奥地利则是最大的受害者。政治上还没有对立,经济上俄奥两国先给对上了。 Now leaves Austria to benefit the choice is not big, either using the advantage in transportation and agricultural technology, hits directly the grain price, making the Russia person exit|to speak the grain becomes has no benefits to be gained. 现在留给奥地利选择的余地已经不大,要么利用交通运输、农业技术上的优势,直接把粮食价格打下去,让俄国人出口粮食变得无利可图。 But does, that is kills the enemy 800 to damage 1000. Must know that now Austria benefits is hegemon in international farm export market, every year can get massive interests. 可是这么干,那就是杀敌八百自损一千。要知道现在奥地利才是国际农产品出口市场上的霸主,每年都能够获得大量的利益。 Even won the price war, occupied a bigger market , because of slowdown of grain price, causing the profit to drop, finally is not only unable to get bigger interests, instead must pay a big price. 就算是打赢了价格战,占据了更大的市场,还是会因为粮食价格的下滑,导致利润下降,最后不但无法获得更大的利益,反而要付出不小的代价。 The Russia person is only Challenger barefoot, failed at the worst originally such, succeeded can get massive interests. 俄国人只是光脚的挑战者,失败了大不了还是原来那样,成功了就可以获得大量的利益。 The original space and time American plays the price war, hit to fall face down all competitors, established the grain export hegemony, that was to realize the strategic goal. 原时空美国人玩儿价格战,打趴下了所有竞争对手,建立了粮食出口的霸权,那是为了实现战略目的。 Now the Austria advantage may be unable to imitate, regardless of consumption massive financial resource for the time being, the key now is the colonial empire era, UK , France have massive colonies. 现在奥地利可效仿不了,消耗大量财力姑且不论,关键现在是殖民帝国时代,英法都拥有大量的殖民地。 The local grain is insufficient, but can also make up from the colony. The dependence control international grain exit|to speak, cannot frighten them. 本土粮食不足,还可以从殖民地弥补。依靠控制国际粮食出口,根本就吓不到他们。 Must otherwise, Franz fiddle with the grain export alliance, wins over several grain export country operation international grain markets, by gaining a bigger benefit. 要不然的话,弗朗茨早就捣鼓粮食出口联盟,拉拢几个粮食出口国家操纵国际粮食市场,以获取更大的利益。 It is not able to realize the strategic goal, but must face the challenge of many competitor, can say after completing capital basically accumulates, the importance of agriculture reduced. 无法实现战略目的,还要面临众多竞争对手的挑战,可以说在完成资本的基本积累后,农业的重要性就降低了。 The importance drops is not equal to being able to give up, in fact the agriculture was still Austria benefitted one of the most important industries. Regarding industry chain that the agricultural production forms, occupied Austria to benefit 38.6 of gross national product. 重要性下降不等于可以放弃,实际上农业仍然是奥地利最重要的产业之一。围绕着农业生产形成的产业链,占据了奥地利国民生产总值的38.6。 Although this proportion is dropping year by year, is still lossless its importance. Facing the challenge of Russia person, the industrial adjustment is imperative. 虽然这个比例正在逐年下降,依然无损其重要性。面对俄国人的挑战,产业调整已经势在必行。 The agricultural sector system that Austria benefits has improved, from most primary agricultural product production, to the terminal agricultural product sale, the value good nearly was played the limit. 奥地利的农业产业体系已经完善,从最初级的农产品生产,到终端农产品销售,产品附加值近乎被玩儿到了极限。 For example: From wheat- bread flour and biscuit, from fruit and vegetables- canned food, from grape- wine and raisin, from potato- fries...... 比如说:从小麦-面粉、饼干,从水果、蔬菜-罐头,从葡萄-葡萄酒、葡萄干,从土豆-薯条…… This age is the ecological agriculture, without the chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals additive, does not have the organic foods the view. The people are also too poor, the brand agriculture does not have many markets. 这个年代都是生态农业,没有化肥、农药添加剂,不存在绿色食品的说法。民众们又太穷,品牌农业也没有多少市场。 The complete industry chain increased the risk tolerance, receives the impact time, is also bigger to the impact that the economy has. 完整的产业链增加了抗风险能力,受到冲击时候,对经济带来的影响也更大。 The technique contents of these industries are low, various European countries absolutely do not have the agriculture, oneself have these industries, but limited to raw material inadequate scale. 这些产业的技术含量非常低,欧洲各国也不是完全没有农业,自身也存在这些工业,只不过受限于原材料才不成规模。 Once massive inexpensive raw material appearances, the capitalists definitely do not mind the expanded production. Even Austria benefits is the Russia grain biggest buyer, the moral integrity of benefit front capitalists is always very low. 一旦大量的廉价原材料出现,资本家们肯定不介意扩大生产。甚至奥地利就是俄国粮食最大的买家,利益面前资本家们的节操从来都很低。 suddenly Austria two countries low tariff system, no doubt was the industry and commerce products outlet that Austria benefitted created the opportunity, similarly also brought the challenge. 俄奥两国低关税体系,固然为奥地利的工商业产品出口创造了机会,同样也带来了挑战。 Facing the external inexpensive grain, these agricultural products processing enterprises will definitely make to conform to the choice of self-interest. This aspect government is impossible to force them, after all the enterprise must survive. 面对外来的廉价粮食,这些农产品加工企业肯定会做出符合自身利益的选择。这方面政府也不可能强迫他们,毕竟企业也是要生存的。 Until now, the profit of agricultural products processing enterprise also drops significantly, from initial 30-40%, drop to current 0% more than ten. 时至今日,农产品加工企业的利润也大幅度下降,从最初的30-40%,下降到目前的百分之十几。 This is the gross margin, the net profit will be lower. Under the fierce market competition, the agricultural products processing enterprise had entered the meager profit time, depends entirely on the quantity to make money. 这还是毛利润,纯利润还会更低。在残酷的市场竞争下,农产品加工企业已经进入了微利时代,全靠走量赚钱。 Profit relatively higher, is between -meal snack processing industries. However the competitions of these enterprises are more brutal, similar products on almost all between-meal snack market conditions have dozens, and even over a hundred. 利润相对较高的,都是零食加工企业。不过这些企业的竞争更加残酷,几乎所有的零食市面上的同类产品都有数十个、乃至上百个。 Good of single unit profit, the issue is the sales volume is not big. Can make the brand, makes the huge profit enterprise radically few. 单件利润的不错,问题是销量不大。能够做出品牌,赚取巨额利润的企业根本就没有几家。 Now Austria benefitted the agricultural sector technology to rise the top of time, became existence of holding the arena stage. 现在奥地利农业产业技术已经升到了时代的顶级,成为守擂台的存在。 Is good is relatively unitary because of the agricultural product of Russia person, nothing but is the potato, wheat and corn, the fruit and vegetables, only if processes the canned food, otherwise has not transported to rot. 好在俄国人的农产品相对单一,无非是土豆、小麦、玉米,水果、蔬菜除非加工成罐头,不然还没运出去就烂掉了。 Obviously the industry of Russia also not with, not much of these industrial development, the product native place won't sell that produces, not to mention international market. 显然俄国的工业还没有跟上来,这些产业发展的都不怎么样,生产出来的产品本土都卖不动,更不用说国际市场。 Arrived this step, the Austria advantage made the agricultural sector adjustment to be imperative, for example: Reduces will receive the agricultural product output of impact obviously, replants in other markets the scarce industrial crop. 到了这一步,奥地利进行农业产业调整已经势在必行,比如说:削减明显会受到冲击的农产品产量,改种其它市场上紧缺经济作物。 Said easily, does difficultly. Austria benefits so many farmers, wish makes them change the planter custom, is not a few words can complete. 说起来容易,做起来难。奥地利那么多农民,想要让他们改变种植习惯,也不是一句话就能够完成的。 Because the market information is not transparent, even Franz cannot accurately judge, the future market will lack what agricultural product. 因为市场信息不透明,就算是弗朗茨不能够准确判断,未来市场会缺什么农产品。 Does not know that in the market lacks anything, this lets the government guidance agricultural product planter, turned into an empty talk. 都不知道市场上缺少什么,这让政府引导农产品种植,变成了一句空话。 Only if the planned economy, otherwise, in future a long time, will have the agricultural product planter disorder. 除非是计划经济,不然的话,在未来很长一段时间内,都会出现农产品种植乱像。 This is a non-solution difficult problem, this year the scarce agricultural product, by next year possibly rottenly in the place, nobody will ask. 这是一个无解的难题,今年紧缺的农产品,到了明年可能会烂在地里,也无人问津。 The farmers according to oneself judgment, are also adjusting the agricultural product planter direction, related to the person are too many, is unable to conduct coordinated. 农民也在根据自己的判断,调节农产品种植方向,涉及到的人太多,根本就无法进行协调。 Franz headache. 弗朗茨头疼了。