January 1 , 1855 is in the European history the commemorable big day, on this day «Four Country Conventions» officially became effective, continental Europe entered the new Vienna system time. 1855年1月1日是欧洲历史上值得纪念的大日子,这一天《四国公约》正式生效,欧洲大陆进入了新维也纳体系时代。 Various countries stipulated according to the treaty, starts to fulfill several liability and duty. „Astraying” the British soldiers in Serbian area, starts to be repatriated. 各国按照条约规定,开始履行各自的责任与义务。“误入”塞尔维亚地区的英军士兵,也开始被遣返回国。 Originally when negotiated, these British soldiers can leave, however stayed in the Serbian area was so long, they have not been idling. 本来在谈判开起的时候,这些英军士兵就可以离开了,但是在塞尔维亚地区待了那么久,他们也没有闲着。 Although the London government paid the life expenses to them, but in everyone captures does not have the spending money, the bureaucrats of London government will not deliver the soldier's rations and pay. 虽然伦敦政府给他们支付了生活开销,可是大家兜里没有零花钱啊,伦敦政府的官僚们可不会把军饷送过来。 Austria benefitted disarmed their, has not restricted their personal freedom. Besides the fixed place lodging dines, a surrounding area several kilometers casual wave, the tavern is their most loves. 奥地利只是解除了他们的武装,并没有限制他们的人身自由。除了固定的地方住宿用餐外,方圆几公里随便浪,酒馆就是他们的最爱。 The Austria Libyan government is also responsible for providing three meals a day, the extra expense, oneself pick pockets! The day of sitting idle and eating made the British soldiers poor quickly, without the day of money did not feel better, the time grew definitely could not bear. 奥地利政府也只是负责提供一日三餐,额外的消费,自己掏腰包吧！坐吃山空的日子很快就让英军士兵赤贫了,没钱的日子不好过,时间长了肯定受不了。 Violates violates discipline? Now the Serbian area be at the military control condition, seized to have the head risk. 违反乱纪？现在塞尔维亚地区处于军管状态,逮住了是可是存在掉脑袋风险。 At this time the local area is reconstructing, lacks the young labor force, for own day was more comfortable, many soldiers did to hold concurrent jobs to make the spending money. 这个时候当地在进行重建,缺乏青壮劳动力,为了自己的日子更加舒坦一些,不少士兵就干起了兼职赚零花钱。 The Serbian area young loss is serious, the male and female proportion is out of balance seriously, the mixed time grew, many British soldiers still formed the family in the area. 塞尔维亚地区青壮损失惨重,男女比例严重失调,混的时间长了,不少英军士兵还在当地组建了家庭。 Had the family, naturally had worrying with the local area. This age transportation is inconvenient, this do not part forever to most people, if not the British government urged repeatedly, it is estimated that must drag is longer. 有了家庭,自然就和当地有了牵挂。这个年代交通不便,这一别对大多数人来说就是永别,如果不是英国政府一再催促,估计还要拖的更久。 The Austria Libyan government altogether accepted 2183 British soldiers, finally leaves this team has expanded 3128 people, increases naturally was the family member. 奥地利政府一共收容了2183名英军士兵,最后离开的时候这个队伍已经壮大到了3128人,增加出来的自然就是家属了。 British Cabinet receives this message to have anything to feel regardless of now on for the time being, Franz receives this message , in any case the whole person hoodwinked the circle. 英国内阁收到这个消息过后有什么感受姑且不论,反正弗朗茨收到这个消息后整个人都蒙圈了。 However considering the peculiar circumstance in Serbian area, he also understood. The female of age must always get married, local young insufficient can only outside look. 不过考虑到塞尔维亚地区的特殊情况,他也就理解了。适龄女子总是要出嫁的,当地的青壮不足就只能外面找了。 The sign age of English is very easy-to-use, at least to the Serbian natives, this status has the attraction. 英国人的牌子这个年代还是很好用的,至少对塞尔维亚当地人来说,这个身份还是有诱惑力的。 The transnational marriage, is legitimate in the Austria money pouch, so long as both sides are voluntary, then completes the registration to the church, was protected by the law. 跨国婚姻,在奥地利是合法的,只要双方自愿,然后到教堂完成登记,就受法律保护。 Not is only the British soldiers, many Austria benefit in Selway Runner-up also has the similar situation, for this reason the General Staff Headquarters have also had the dispute, finally under the big background that the nationality fuses, government giving the green light. 不光是英军士兵,不少奥地利驻塞尔维亚军队也有同样的情况,为此总参谋部还发生过争议,最后在民族融合的大背景下,政府给开了绿灯。 The stop is not possible, this childishness Franz has, your sentiment am I willing to beat the affectionate couple to do? But increased British soldiers family member living expenses, making the London government pay. 阻拦是不可能的,这点儿气度弗朗茨还是有的,人家你情我愿棒打鸳鸯干嘛？只不过增加了一笔英军士兵家属生活费,让伦敦政府买了单。 Politically, this also becomes the testimony of British Austria friendship, at least the media of Britain reported. John Bull is also attaches great importance to face-saving, the real reason no one has investigated. 在政治上,这还成为了英奥友谊的见证,至少英国的媒体是这么报道的。约翰牛也是要面子的,真实原因已经没有人追究了。 This is only a small interlude, nothing but left behind the joke of spare time to people, quick on the past. 这只是一个小插曲,无非就是给人们留下了茶余饭后的笑谈,很快就过去了。 On the same day that the treaty becomes effective, Austria benefits also and Ottoman empire completes to exchange notes. The Ottoman empire acknowledged defeats, cedes Serbia, Wallachia, Moldavia and Bosnia to benefit to Austria, the above local territorial sovereignty had the change officially. 在条约生效的当日,奥地利也和奥斯曼帝国完成换约。奥斯曼帝国承认战败,割让塞尔维亚、瓦拉几亚、摩尔达维亚、波黑地区给奥地利,上述地区领土主权正式发生变更。 Cession of territory there is nothing well hesitant, was separated by France and Russia, even if this area gives the Ottoman empire, they are still helpless. 领土割让这没有什么好犹豫的,都被法俄两国隔开了,这种地区就算是就给奥斯曼帝国,他们也无能为力。 In comparison, the territory transaction of French and Ottoman empire argued, French representative started out a loan receipt payment directly, the Ottoman person is naturally unsatisfied. 相比之下,法国人和奥斯曼帝国的领土交易就发生了争执,法国代表直接开出了一张贷款收据付款,奥斯曼人自然不满意了。 Can the cash transaction of reaching an agreement, how renege on a promise now? However the French did not think, subtracts 200 million francs from the debt, isn't the cash payment? 说好的现金交易,现在怎么能够反悔呢？不过法国人就不这么认为了,从债务当中减去两亿法郎,不也是现金支付么？ How the casual Ottoman person protested in any case, the Paris government decides, the cash is impossible to give, reduces the debt. 反正随便奥斯曼人怎么抗议,巴黎政府都打定了主意,现金不可能给的,就是减持债务。 Without the means that the French government now is not wealthy. The Near East war projected on the present, the military expenses expenses of French government are also astronomical figures, Napoleon III similarly for the fiscal issue headache. 没有办法,法国政府现在也不富裕。近东战争打到了现在,法国政府的军费开销也是一个天文数字,拿破仑三世同样在为财政问题头疼。 After losing the Balkan Peninsula, the credit capacity of Ottoman empire also drops significantly, if not reduce the debt, these loans can receive are an issue. 况且丢失了巴尔干半岛后,奥斯曼帝国的偿债能力也大幅度下降,如果不减持债务,这些贷款能不能收回来都是一个问题。 The capitalists are not willing to take this risk, the agitation French government raised one's head to receive this debt, to win over the will of the people Napoleon III naturally was the agreement. 资本家们不肯承担这个风险,就鼓动法国政府出头接过这笔债务了,为了拉拢人心拿破仑三世自然是同意了。 The dispute turns over to the dispute, does not affect fulfillment of treaty. The international loan usually is the overlord contract, the quick French found explanation provision on the loan contract, proved the validity that they do that lets shutting up of Ottoman person little darling. 争议归争议,还是不影响条约的履行。国际贷款通常都是霸王合同,很快法国人就找到了贷款合同上的解释条款,证明了他们这么做的合法性,让奥斯曼人乖乖的闭了嘴。 The treaty fulfills completely normally, the new Vienna system was established, covers the war dark clouds in continental Europe vanishes into thin air. 条约全部正常履行,新维也纳体系建立了起来,笼罩在欧洲大陆上的战争阴云烟消云散。 ...... …… St. Petersburg 圣彼得堡 Main street and small alley are celebrating this great victory, but this does not include the Tsar senior government officials, one of us knows from the family affairs, moisture content of their very clear this victory big. 大街小巷都在庆祝这次伟大的胜利,不过这不包括沙皇政府高层,自家人知道自家事,他们非常清楚这次胜利的水分有多大。 If not the sudden plague, damaged the confidence of French, it is estimated that at this time the Russian force still engaged in fierce battle in Constantinopolis. 如果不是突如其来的瘟疫,打击了法国人的信心,估计这个时候俄军还在君士坦丁堡鏖战。 In Winter Palace Nicholas I roared: „How great Russian Empire, couldn't the post-war pension take continually?” 冬宫中尼古拉一世咆哮道:“怎么伟大的俄罗斯帝国,连一点儿战后的抚恤金都拿不出来么？” The gray draft animal is not valuable, but wins a battle after all, can dying how many comfort and aid a bereaved family to? Lives must to the praise, be promoted they not to suffice on, a little monetary reward must always send! 灰色牲口不值钱,可毕竟是打了胜仗,死掉的多少总要给点儿抚恤吧？活下来的也要给点儿嘉奖,加官晋爵他们够不上,一点儿赏金总是要发的！ If these work do not complete, the next time who gives back to Tsar to work oneself to death? 这些工作如果不做好,下一次谁还给沙皇卖命？ First Lord of the Treasury Arui Stanley Rhode smiles bitterly to reply: „Your majesty, the casualties of this war are too big, Constantinopolis needs to reconstruct, the finance of government has been unable to make ends meet. Now must put out over a hundred million rubles one time, was really difficult.” 财政大臣阿瑞斯坦利罗德苦笑着回答道:“陛下,这次战争的伤亡太大,君士坦丁堡又需要重建,政府的财政早就入不敷出了。现在要一次性拿出上亿卢布,实在是太困难了。” Constantinopolis must reconstruct, this is the dual demands in political and religion, that fears loses everything, the Tsar government can only brace oneself. 君士坦丁堡必须要重建,这是政治、宗教上的双重需求,那怕是砸锅卖铁,沙皇政府都只能硬着头皮上。 Comforts and aids a bereaved family, monetary reward also to send after the war, both are the same importance. This to the Russia finance, without doubt is a test. 战后抚恤、赏金也必须要发,两者是同样的重要。这对俄国财政来说,无疑是一个考验。 The Russia person must thank this plague to make the war finish ahead of time, if drags last one year or so again, even if loses everything they unable to collect money. 俄国人必须要感谢这场瘟疫让战争提前结束了,如果再拖上一年半载,就算是砸锅卖铁他们也凑不出来钱。 Nicholas I scolded sternly: „ Without money, tries to find the solution. Matter of financial difficulty does not need you to remind, now the duty of Ministry of Finance is to try to find the solution solves this financial crisis. 尼古拉一世厉声呵斥道:“没钱,就去想办法。财政困难的事情不需要你提醒,现在财政部的任务是想办法解决这次财政危机。 In any event, the post-war pension must provide, the Constantinopolis reconstruction expenses must collect. ” 无论如何,战后的抚恤金都必须要发放,君士坦丁堡的重建费用也必须要筹集出来。” „ Your majesty, now best way to folk fund-raising Constantinopolis reconstruction expenses, if were not really good can only increase taxes. “陛下,现在最好的办法就是向民间募捐君士坦丁堡重建费用,如果实在不行就只能加税了。 The government is short of money, rewards us to avoid after the war as far as possible directly to the cash, for example gives the soldier together with the family member freeman status. 政府缺钱,战后奖赏我们可以尽量避免直接给现金,比如说给予士兵本人连同家属自由民身份。 Also can learn/study Austria altruistic, according to the merit size awards the land to the ordinary soldier, reduces the fiscal expenditure. ” Arui Stanley Rhode replied 还可以学习奥地利人,根据功劳大小给普通士兵授予土地,减少财政开支。”阿瑞斯坦利罗德回答道 The Russian Empire serfs get rid of the identity restriction, your majesty became a soldier to go to war for Tsar, establishes the meritorious military service to turn into the freeman. 俄罗斯帝国农奴摆脱身份限制,就是替沙皇陛下当兵打仗,立下了战功就可以变成自由民。 This road very narrow, the serf is the private property of aristocrat, Tsar cannot eliminate, awards the freeman the status at the same time casually, must compensate to the master of serf. 这条路非常的窄,农奴是贵族的私有财产,沙皇也不可以随便剥夺,授予自由民身份的同时,也必须要给农奴的主人进行补偿。 Now Arui Stanley Rhode's meaning, is hitting the land of new occupied area without doubt. Regardless how saying that the land of Bulgarian area be more fertile than most areas in Russian Empire. 现在阿瑞斯坦利罗德的意思,无疑是在打新占领区的土地了。无论怎么说,保加利亚地区的土地要比俄罗斯帝国大部分地区都要肥沃。 These lands are also the wealth, can take and aristocrats trades. The serfs do not have the private property, seals to enjoy the land to the soldiers, might as well said that seals to enjoy the land to the master of soldier. 这些土地也是财富,可以拿出来和贵族们进行交易。农奴是没有私有财产的,给士兵们封赏土地,还不如说是给士兵的主人封赏土地。 Since everyone received the advantage, then awards these serf soldier freeman status, naturally was not the issue, the government must collect the Constantinopolis reconstruction tax also to say. 既然大家都拿到了好处,那么授予这些农奴士兵自由民身份,自然不是问题了,政府要收取君士坦丁堡重建税也就好说了。 This is establishes in the situation at the Near East war winning, otherwise wants to give so many soldier freeman status, it is estimated that the aristocrats may not have such easy compromise. 这是建立在近东战争获胜的情况下,不然想要给这么多士兵自由民身份,估计贵族们可没这么容易妥协。 Liberating the serf is not easy to do, does not dare to say the liberation serf as First Lord of the Treasury Arui Stanley Rhode directly, but is the use circuitous method, released some serfs taking the opportunity of post-war reward. 解放农奴不是那么容易做的,作为财政大臣阿瑞斯坦利罗德都不敢直接说解放农奴,而是利用迂回的手段,借战后奖赏的机会释放一部分农奴。 Nicholas I was not the fool, quick understood Arui Stanley Rhode's meaning. Russian force soldier who attended this Near East war, from all sides in addition quick 2 million people. 尼古拉一世不是傻子,很快就明白了阿瑞斯坦利罗德的意思。参加这次近东战争的俄军士兵,前前后后加起来都快两百万人了。 Majority is the serf family background, if turned into the freeman these people and together with the family members, then ripped open the opening of waste slave without doubt. 这其中大部分都是农奴出身,如果把这些人、连同家属都变成了自由民,那么无疑是撕开了废奴的口子。 Serfdom harms Nicholas I to be clear, if not the resistance is too big, he has started to do. 农奴制的危害尼古拉一世是一清二楚的,如果不是阻力太大,他早就开始干了。 The eruption of Near East war, after letting they experienced the strength of capitalist country, upper level Russia had realized must abolish the serfdom, can pursue. 近东战争的爆发,让他们见识到了资本主义国家的实力后,俄国上层已经意识到了必须要废除农奴制,才能够追上去。 Taking advantage of winning to seal/confer bestows the opportunity does, the feasibility is high. Even this probe failed, the government had not announced that directly abolishes the serfdom, then also leaves leeway the moderate leeway with the aristocrats. 借着大胜封赏的机会这么干,可操作性非常高。就算是这次试探失败了,政府也没有直接宣布废除农奴制,那么和贵族之间还留有缓和的余地。 To be clear all these, Nicholas I nods, expressed agreement with Arui Stanley Rhode's plan. 想清楚了这一切过后,尼古拉一世点了点头,表示同意阿瑞斯坦利罗德的计划。 ...... ……