Chapter 88 idle talk one: Does not eat the charity food 第88章闲话一:不食嗟来之食 Rested ruthlessly some time, everyone Happy New Year. 狠狠地休息了一段时间,大家新年快乐。 Beyond previous time my my chapter, was been unexpectedly harmonious. 上次我番外我自己的那一章,竟然被和谐了。 Ok, why I was also disinclined to ask, did not have the significance in any case, shielding. 算了,我也懒得问为什么了,反正也没意义,屏蔽着吧。 Looked at to comment, discovered that many people asked when opened the new book, oh, ended in this words expressing feelings to have. In March sends the new book, I plan to rest. 看了一下评论,发现好多人问什么时候开新书,唉,完本感言里都有啊。三月份发新书,我打算多休息一下。 Next I discovered before , beyond that writes, some people have not seen, Shan Hai Jing one to four in genuine vol. 1, behind 76 chapters. 其次我发现以前写的番外,有些人还是没看到,山海经一到四都在正版第一卷,七十六章后面。 Small of Zhuanxu falls nine days behind on a main text VIP volume Chapter 970 arrow, the named day passes the science fiction version certainly. 颛顼的小篇在正文VIP卷第970章一箭落九日的后面,名为绝地天通科幻版。 Buddha there, spoke the creativity of new book, stops after getting a smattering. 道佛那里,讲了点新书的创意,浅尝辄止吧。 Because the next this book the lead gold/metal finger is the information sensation, will therefore explain Earth all unsolved mysteries, and from the science fiction angle, gave the explanation the religion and myth as far as possible...... 下本书因为主角金手指是信息感知,所以会解答地球所有未解之谜,并且从科幻角度,尽可能把宗教、神话都给解释了…… Because does not write to receive tolerantly, I estimated that I will throw the street, if the next this book throws the street, I will also finish it. 因为不写收容物,我估计我会扑街,如果下本书扑街,我也会把它写完。 Some people said that makes me say eats, my old swan, this said from where. 有人说让我讲吃,我的老天鹅,这从何讲起啊。 I can only say, eating eats, the good food is the good food. 我只能说,吃是吃,美食是美食。 Did not speak the good food, that can also pull two. 不讲美食,那还能扯两下。 In the pictographic meaning, with the hand capture plain diet for ‚food’, lowers the head with the full meal of household utensils for ‚food’, delicacies of every kind enjoys for ‚meal’ high-level, the god only offered a sacrifice to the tribute that presents for ‚enjoying’. 象形字义上,用手抓取粗食为‘饭’,低头用器皿的正餐为‘食’,山珍海味的高级享用为‘餐’,神祇受祭奉的贡品为‘享’。 Some people pass on the person are two meal systems, very late time live in plenty had the three meals a day system. 有些人说古人都是两餐制,很晚的时候生活富裕了才有三餐制。 This saying to be right, is not right. 这话对,也不对。 In fact China has the three meals a day system very much long time ago, but truly also links up with the productive forces, common people a long time, let alone two meal, even is only a meal. 事实上中国很早就有三餐制,只不过确实也跟生产力挂钩,平民百姓很长一段时间,别说两餐了,甚至只是一餐而已。 But emperors and nobilities, not only three meals a day, even there are four meal. 而皇帝、王侯不只是三餐,甚至有四餐。 At least in Shang Dynasty, had the tradition of fixed time eating meal, in the bone-script the main meal is called ‚big food’ in a day of morning, was very sumptuous, makes every effort to eat to the full. Then is called ‚snack’ another food, ate in afternoon casually on the line. 至少在商朝时,就有定时吃饭的传统,甲骨文里就将主餐称为‘大食’在一天的早上,特别丰盛,力求吃饱。然后将另一顿饭称为‘小食’,在下午随便吃点就行了。 «Analects» also said ‚often does not eat.’ 《论语》也说了‘不时不食。’ The three meals a day system, the words from literature, the Warring States period had most late. 三餐制度,从文献来看的话,最晚战国时期就有了。 «Zhuangzi» has the cloud: Suitable vast and hazy, the three meals a day return, abdomen still. 《庄子》有云:适莽苍者,三餐而返,腹犹果然。 The meaning goes to the suburb to play, brings the foot three food, playing a day of going home belly is full full. 意思是去郊外游玩,带足三顿饭,玩一天回家肚子都是饱饱的。 This is not the this solitary one case, «Chankuots'e Uneven Plan Four» also clouds: „Gentleman three food can not eat one's fill, but Monarch goose duck has odd/surplus Shi.” 这不是孤例,《战国策・齐策四》又云:“士三食不得餍,而君鹅鹜有余食。” The meaning is the scholar three meals a day cannot eat to the full, but the king your really chicken duck goose had the grain of being able to finish eating. Extending the meaning is the vermilion gate wine and meat smelly road has to freeze to death the bone. 意思就是士人三餐都吃不饱,而君王你竟然鸡鸭鹅都有吃不完的粮食。延伸意思就是朱门酒肉臭路有冻死骨。 At that time, the scholar had the system of three meals a day, the scholar was not many rich social classes, from the king to the feudal lord again to the doctor, finally was the gentleman. 那时候,士人就有一日三餐的制度,士人并不是多有钱的阶级,从君王到诸侯再到大夫,最后才是士。 The first third-level has the real estate, is the feudal lord, but the gentleman does not have the real estate, only then aristocrat status. 前三级都有地产,属于领主,而士是没有地产的,只有个贵族身份。 Three meals a day can popularize the scholar, explained Spring and Autumn Period Warring States period, had the person of this condition, has extensively popularized the three meals a day to make. 一日三餐能普及到士人,说明春秋战国时期,有这个条件的人,都已经广泛普及了三餐制了。 Han Dynasty even presented four meal systems, naturally was the emperor enjoys specially. 汉代甚至出现四餐制,当然是帝王专享。 Ban Gu's «White tiger Passing» wrote: „King day four food what? clear(ly) had the thing of four directions, when ate four merit.” 班固的《白虎通》写了:“王者之所以日四食何？明有四方之物,食四时之功也。” When four are in the early morning time, were called the day food. In day time eats, called daytime the food. In the afternoon eats again, called the evening food. In the evening the midnight snack, is called ‚evening food’. 四时就是天刚亮的时候,叫旦食。日中的时候吃一顿,叫昼食。下午再吃一顿,叫夕食。晚上来顿夜宵,称为‘暮食’。 What is worth mentioning is, by the Qing dynasty, imperial family one day two full meals. 值得一提的是,到了大清朝,皇室一日两道正餐。 Is called the breakfast and late meals. Seven o'clock eat, 13 o'clock eat. 叫做早膳与晚膳。七点钟吃一顿,十三点钟吃一顿。 Later must wait till next day. You possibly think, in the evening isn't hungry? 之后就得等到第二天了。你们可能会想,晚上不饿吗？ Even were hungry, must so, this is the custom that in the Qing palace the ancestor set, cannot violate, including eating anything, how to do, had the detailed custom. 即便饿了,也得如此,这是大清宫廷里祖宗定下的规矩,不能违背,包括吃什么,怎么做,都有详细的规矩。 Every day what eats is the same, the weight of food has the strict assignment, according to the position, the different people have the different share cases. 每天吃的是一样的,食材的斤两都有严格分配,按照地位,不同的人有不同的份例。 And the approach, additional how much salts, put many spoon of sugar, must strictly according to the recipes. 且做法,加多少盐、放多少勺糖,必须严格按照食谱来。 You pass through Qing, you said like salty food, wants to eat spicily, eats salty? It is not good, two full meals, imperial kitchen whose face will not give. 你穿越到清宫,你说口重,想吃辣一点,吃咸一点？不行,两道正餐,御膳房谁的面子都不会给。 Actually is unpalatable specially, moreover eats daily, year after year eats, many imperial concubine imperial concubine give the private lesson, makes a kitchenette in the side room, oneself prepare food to eat. 其实都特别难吃,而且是天天吃,年年吃,很多嫔妃自己开小灶,在耳房弄个小厨房,自己做菜吃。 However, under the system of so unreasonable taste, most people will not have an empty stomach. 不过,如此不近人情味的制度下,大多数人并不会饿肚子。 Because of besides two food rich full meals, breakfast and evening's plain meal. 因为除了两道菜肴丰富的正餐,还有早点和晚上的便饭。 Earlier is various types of cakes and pastries snacks, evening's plain meal is the stew and clear gruel. 早点是各种糕点小吃,晚上的便饭则是羹汤、清粥。 Words that this is counted, is actually four meal. 这都算上的话,其实是四餐。 Let alone, the harem many imperial concubine imperial concubines have the special mess hall, rich, that wants to eat anything to eat anything, making one buy the food, is done by the personal palace maid. 更别说,后宫很多嫔妃都有小灶,有钱,那想吃啥就吃啥,让人买来食材,由贴身的宫女做。 Really has to have an empty stomach, that is the position is definitely low. 真有饿肚子的,那肯定是地位低的。 The empress dowagers will not have an empty stomach, every day has a pig sheep head, the chicken duck respectively one, in addition various types of spices, the new meter/rice, wheat flour, honey and vegetables, make dozens meals. 皇太后怎么也不会饿肚子,每天都有猪羊个一头,鸡鸭各一只,再加上各种香料、新米、白面、蜂蜜、蔬菜,做成数十道膳食。 The empress also 16 jin (0.5 kg) pork, 16 jin (0.5 kg) mutton, the chicken duck respectively one, in addition various types of new meter/rice wheat flour and so on, form dozens meals every day. 皇后每天也有十六斤猪肉,十六斤羊肉,鸡鸭各一只,再加上各种新米白面之类的,形成数十道膳食。 The analogy, gradually lowers the meals standard in turn. 依次类推,逐步降低伙食标准。 Arrived imperial concubine imperial concubine lowest first-grade complying, eaten is poorer, one jin (0.5 kg) 82 pork prepares food every day, then every month, the attention is every month, 15 plates of mutton, each about one jin (0.5 kg), then has five chicken ducks every month. 到了嫔妃最低一等的答应,吃的就寒酸很多,每天有一斤八两的猪肉做菜,然后每月,注意是每个月,有十五盘羊肉,每盘大约一斤,然后每月有五只鸡鸭。 Again low? Accepted a lower status again is the palace maid, every day one jin (0.5 kg) pork, the fresh vegetables 32, the old rice seven gathered five spoons. Did not have. 再低呢？再低就是宫女了,每天一斤猪肉,鲜菜十二两,老米七合五勺。没了。 One about is 180 grams, one spoon is 30 grams. A total of 1410 grams meter/rice. 一合是一百八十克,一勺是三十克。总共一千四百一十克的米。 A day two full meals calculate separatedly, namely one has 705 grams meter/rice. 一天两顿正餐分开算,即一顿有七百零五克的米。 Also Ok, the-and-a-half jin (0.5 kg) pork and most jin (0.5 kg) vegetables, in addition a about three jin (0.5 kg) meter/rice, can eat to the full, this was the treatment of palace maid. 还可以吧,一顿半斤猪肉、大半斤的蔬菜,外加近三斤的米,能吃饱,这就是宫女的待遇了。 If must say the good food, our country good food were too many, cannot say. 倘若要说美食,我国美食太多了,根本讲不完。 If introduced the vegetable/dish, then I can water several million characters...... 如果只是介绍菜,那么我可以水几百万字…… Therefore chatted the point with eating the related history with you. 所以还是跟你们聊点跟吃有关的历史。 After all asked is ‚eating’, was not ‚good food’. 毕竟问得是‘吃’,不是‘美食’。 First asked a question, Chinese high and low those who lived in ages, before the present age, which historical period did you most like? 首先问个问题,中华上下历朝历代,当代之前,你们最喜欢哪个历史时期？ I think that everyone has a preference. 我想每个人心里都有个偏好。 Some people may want to pass through Tang, some people may want to pass through the three countries, some people may want to go to Ming Dynasty. 有人可能想穿越盛唐,有人可能想穿越三国,有人可能想去大明。 But I, most like was that so-called ‚ritual collapsed is wild with joy’ the period, Eastern Zhou Dynasty. 而我,最喜爱的便是那所谓‘礼崩乐坏’的时期,东周。 Namely Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States. 即春秋与战国。 We historically over 50% idioms, stem from that time. Various historical stories, behavior precedent, all birth at that time. 我们历史上百分之五十以上的成语,出自于那个时代。各种历史典故,行为先例,皆诞生在那个时候。 Eastern Zhou Dynasty various nations, the dispute was unceasing, arouses hundred school of thought contends, the men of insight wanted to damp to struggle to govern chaotically. 东周列国,纷争不断,激起百家争鸣,有识之士都想要抑争治乱。 All kinds of theories and ideological collisions encourage, is the golden age of our culture, the time of ideological large explosion. 各种各样的学说、思想碰撞激扬,是我们文化的黄金时代,思想大爆炸的时代。 During the same period, happen to was also the ideological large explosion period of so-called ancient Greece. 同时期,正好也是所谓古希腊的思想大爆炸时期。 That is an opinion is very free, everyone all has the moral courage time. 那是个言论无比自由,人人皆有气节的时代。 Therefore, eaten words, my actually first response, thinks of the Duke Wen of Jin heavy ear. 因此,吃的话,我其实第一反应,就是想到晋文公重耳。 Duke Wen of Jin eats the earth story, I they disguise as the alien flickering different Earth when the blue white Sheyou elder sister, has mentioned. 晋文公吃土的故事,我在蓝白社悠姐他们假扮外星人忽悠异界地球时,提到过。 The heavy ear drifts about destitute, roams about outside for more than ten years, he and his follower, do not have the food to eat every so often. 重耳颠沛流离,在外流浪十几年,他和他的追随者,很多时候都没有饭吃。 Once arrives at five deer places, was really hungry, saw that an old man is opening new land, then asked for the point to eat to him, asked that the grain helped in an emergency. 有一次走到五鹿这个地方,实在饿极了,看到一个老头在垦地,便向他讨点吃的,问有没有粮食救救急。 Who thinks of that farmer, was calm, took a look at this group of distressed aristocrats, hehe smiled, bends down to take up the mud to give the heavy ear unexpectedly together: „! Grain!” 谁想到那庄稼汉,非常淡定,打量了一下这伙狼狈的贵族,呵呵一笑,俯下身居然拿起一块泥巴递给重耳:“喏！粮食！” The heavy ear was wild with rage, the child of solemn Duke clan, eats the earth to him unexpectedly. 重耳气疯了,堂堂公族之子,竟然给他吃土。 He scolded that old man, the appearance that old man actually did not fear death said: „You look at my such big age, but also opens new land in this, you thought that I have the grain! I only then the loess can give you.” 他呵斥那老头,老头却一副不怕死的样子说道:“你看我这么大年纪,还在这垦地,你觉得我有粮食吗！我只有黄土可以给你。” Heavy ear nearby follower fox Yan, asked: „Your son?” 重耳旁边的追随者狐偃,就问:“你的儿子呢？” The old man said: „My all sons died in battle.” 老头说:“我所有儿子都战死了。” The heavy ear does not speak, he does not want to investigate the old man actually, but this shame made him unable to get out. 重耳不说话了,他其实不想追究老头了,但是这份羞辱又让他下不来台。 Fox Yan said immediately: „This loess is the land, is the state, the common people do not eat the earth to you, but entrusts the state in you.” 狐偃立马就说:“这黄土就是土地,就是社稷啊,百姓不是给您吃土,而是托付社稷于您啊。” The heavy ear takes advantage of the situation to back down without losing face, immediately bursts into tears, holds the loess with emotion, kneels on the ground, looks up at the heaven, pledged, if becomes the monarch, must make the national be able to enjoy a good and prosperous life. 重耳顺坡下驴,立刻流泪,感动地捧着黄土,跪在地上,仰视苍天,发誓如果成为国君,一定要让国民得以安居乐业。 This is Duke Wen of Jin receives earth, thinks by the state, but heavy literary reference. 这就是晋文公受土,以为受社稷而重之的典故。 However he also achieved, his old age succeeds to the throne, maturing slowly, indeed made the Jin national strength phenomenally prosperous, completes the hegemony. 不过他也做到了,他晚年继位,大器晚成,的确让晋国国力空前鼎盛,完成霸业。 During going into exile, the heavy ear has also eaten another bowl of extremely meaningful food. 在流亡期间,重耳还吃过另外一碗极富意义的食物。 According to the origin story of Cold Food Festival described, heavy ear subsidized grain, stole away. Their group did not have the grain, is hard to take in the wilderness hungrily, suddenly the meson pushed, sheared own thigh meat, cooked the meat soup to eat to the heavy ear. Known as: Shears the meat to present Mr . 根据寒食节的起源故事描述,有一次重耳被资助的粮食,给人偷走了。他们一行人没了粮食,在荒郊野外饥饿难耐,突然手下介子推,割了自己的大腿肉,熬了肉汤给重耳吃。史称:割肉奉君。 Han Dynasty Han Yingxie «Shi Jing Leaking» highly praised. 汉代韩婴写的《诗经外传》对此大加赞赏。 When Duke Wen of Jin is one generation of clear(ly), the hunger is hard to take, is used the earth shame, finally endured. 晋文公乃是一代明君,饥饿难耐之际,被人用土羞辱,最终还是忍了。 However his grandson Duke Ling of Jin is not good. 然而他的孙子晋灵公就不行了。 „Duke Ling of Jin not Mr . Collects the weak wall thick. Ball person from stage, but observes his pioneer/monarch Wan. Who butchers husband er bear's paw not, kills it, sets at various Ben, making the woman carry by toward.” “晋灵公不君。厚敛以彫墙。从台上弹人,而观其辟丸也。宰夫胹熊蹯不孰,杀之,寘诸畚,使妇人载以过朝。” What do you mean? Duke Ling of Jin lordless posture, looking not monarch! Liking stands on the tall wall, shoots below person with the crossbow, then watches them to dodge the appearance of projectile. 什么意思呢？晋灵公毫无君主的之姿,望之不似人君！喜欢站在高墙上,用弹弓射下方的人,然后观赏他们躲闪弹丸的样子。 He likes eating the bear's paws, after , asked, the chef said also not ripe, after all is the bear's paws, without the pressure cooker, which is so easy to boil till mushy? 他喜欢吃熊掌,等了后就去问,厨子说还没熟,毕竟是熊掌啊,又没有高压锅,哪那么容易煮烂？ However Duke Ling of Jin is angry very much, the heart said that I waited ripe such for a long time also not! Was tired, was in a rage, killed the chef...... then made the palace maid dump the corpse it. 然而晋灵公就很生气,心说我等了这么久还没熟！烦死了,一怒之下,将厨子杀了……然后让宫女将其抛尸。 After this story, has, that was promote country's name feudal official Zhao shield and his younger brother Zhao Chuan knows this matter, finally could not bear this fellow was stupid, to its expostulation, Duke Ling of Jin did not listen again, finally quarrelled very much not happily. 这故事之后还有,那就是晋国名臣赵盾和他弟弟赵穿得知此事,终于受不了这家伙的昏庸了,再度向其谏言,晋灵公不听,最后吵得很不愉快。 Later Duke Ling of Jin looked to want to kill Zhao shield by, under the arrange/cloth ambushes, because there is a chivalrous person to assist, Zhao shield can escape. 之后晋灵公找了个由头想害死赵盾,布下伏击,因为有义士襄助,赵盾得以逃亡。 Again later is famous ‚Zhao Chuan kills one's sovereign’ event. 再之后就是著名的‘赵穿弑君’事件。 Zhao Chuan attacked to kill Duke Ling of Jin, welcomed Zhao shield, then Zhao shield has not processed own younger brother Zhao Chuan. 赵穿袭击杀了晋灵公,迎回了赵盾,然后赵盾并没有处理自己的弟弟赵穿。 Therefore promote Grand Historian Dong Huxie: „Zhao shield murders his Mr .” 于是晋太史公董狐写:“赵盾弑其君。” Zhao shield was very undeserved, says made a mistake in writing, was not I kills one's sovereign. However Dong Hu does not change, said that although Zhao Chuan kills one's sovereign, you but who to welcome to go into exile, you go into exile have not left the border, after coming back, actually does not handle the thief of killing one's sovereign, you kill one's sovereign the chief instigator. 赵盾很冤枉,说写错了,不是我弑君。然而董狐就是不改,说虽然赵穿弑君,可却是为了迎回流亡的你,你流亡没有离开国境,回来之后却不处置弑君之贼,你就是弑君主谋。 This is also in the song of righteousness famous ‚in promote Dong Hubi’. 这也是正气歌里著名的‘在晋董狐笔’。 Duke Wen of Jin wants to eat miscellaneous grains, was used the earth shame, has not killed that old man. Was hungry is dying, depends on the thigh meat that the loyal minister cut to live. 晋文公想吃点杂粮,被人用土羞辱,也没有杀那老头。饿得快死了,靠着忠臣割下的大腿肉活下来。 He grew strong the Jin national strength, the grandson actually to eat the bear's paws killed the chef, was remonstrated by the loyal minister, but also wants to kill the royal government high-ranking court official, finally therefore died of official's hand. 他把晋国国力发展壮大,孙子却为了吃熊掌而杀了厨子,被忠臣劝谏,还想杀朝廷重臣,最终因此死于臣子之手。 The bear's paws, in the spring and autumn Warring States period, is a big good food. 熊掌,在春秋战国时期,是一大美食。 Similarly also before, likes eats the bear's paws having King Cheng of Chu at the point of death specially. 同样在临死之前,特别爱吃熊掌的还有楚成王。 King Cheng of Chu wants to kill the crown prince business feudal official, trades the prince duty to succeed to the throne, has prepared in secret. 楚成王想杀太子商臣,换王子职继位,已经暗中筹划。 When preparatory stage, business the feudal official hears the wind sound/rumor indistinctly, very anxiously, but does not know real. 正在准备阶段时,商臣隐约听到风声,很急,但是又不知道是不是真的。 His teacher Pan Chong said, you suppose invite King Cheng of Chu younger sister river Mi Chifan, at the banquet intentionally numerous profanes her. 他的老师潘崇就说,你设宴请楚成王的妹妹江芈吃饭,宴席上故意猥・亵她。 Therefore business the feudal official complied, invited river Mi, and did not respect about it extremely, really river Mi cursed: Inexpensive type, no wonder on the king must kill you to set up the prince duty is the crown prince! 于是商臣照做,请来了江芈,并对其极为不尊重,果然江芈大骂:贱种,难怪王上要杀你立王子职为太子！ Ok, business the feudal official therefore determined, the father really must kill itself. 好了,商臣于是确定了,父亲真的要杀自己。 Business feudal official who strikes the first blow has the advantage, in the buy palace guarded the imperial palace hastily, dispatches troops into battle to surround the royal palace, compelled to kill own father. 商臣连忙先下手为强,收买宫中禁卫,起兵包围了王宫,逼杀自己的父亲。 Because of river Mi Xiemi, King Cheng of Chu was hit to be caught off guard, without the preparation, does not have the strength of resistance, was being compelled the suicide. 因为江芈泄密,楚成王被打了个措手不及,没有准备,毫无反抗之力,被强逼着自杀。 Before King Cheng of Chu, put forward a request at the point of death: „Invited the food bear's paw!” 在楚成王临死之前,提了一个要求:“请食熊蹯！” Yes, I must eat the bear's paws! 就是,我要吃熊掌！ However his son, has not met his request. 然而他的儿子,并没有满足他这个要求。 But, King Cheng of Chu brings unable before eating and eating heedlessly the regret of bear's paws, hung oneself the suicide. 无奈之下,楚成王带着没能临死吃口熊掌的遗憾,上吊自杀了。 Gluttons desperate, killing me is unimportant, can't make me before eating and eating heedlessly bear's paws? 吃货的绝望啊,杀我不要紧,就不能让我临死吃口熊掌吗？ Haha, actually before the point of death, because the son does not comply to give the bear's paws to eat, King Cheng of Chu backs off, after asking I die, to me what posthumous name. 哈哈,其实临死前,因为儿子不答应给熊掌吃,楚成王退而求其次,问我死后给我什么谥号。 Business the feudal official said directly: Spirit. 商臣直接说:灵。 This is censures the posthumous name, in other words, he also called King Ling of Chu. 这是个贬谥,也就是说,他本来也是叫楚灵王的。 Chu King was anxious, your bear's paws bear's paws do not give to eat, the posthumous name posthumous name is so coarse, I do not commit suicide! You had to plant to kill me. 楚王急了,你熊掌熊掌不给吃,谥号谥号还这么难听,我不自杀了！你有种杀了我。 In order to let him can commit suicide as soon as possible, business the feudal official has to promise him: Good, posthumous name to become. 为了让他能尽快自杀,商臣只得答应他:好吧,谥号为成。 Therefore he called King Cheng of Chu, cannot eat the bear's paws, actually traded a beautiful posthumous name. 于是他就叫楚成王了,没能吃上熊掌,却换得了个美谥。 Mentioned the glutton king, Zheng Linggong also refused to admit being inferior. 说起吃货君王,郑灵公也不甘示弱。 Right, is a posthumous name is spirit...... 没错,又是个谥号为灵的…… «Zuo Zhuan Proclaimed Duke Four Years of»: „A native of Chu offered sea turtle in Zheng Linggong, young master Song will see with the child family/home, the child Duke index finger moved.” 《左传・宣公四年》:“楚人献鼋于郑灵公,公子宋与子家将见,子公之食指动。” This is ‚the index finger moves greatly’ the literary reference. 这就是‘食指大动’的典故。 Young master Song this person, often boasted, the index finger can practice divination, so long as index finger vibrates, then can taste the good food today inevitably. 公子宋这个人,经常跟人吹嘘,食指会占卜,只要自己食指抖动,那么今天必然能尝到美食。 Really, was quick they to result in the news, a native of Chu offered the great sea turtle to Zheng Linggong, according to the convention, high-ranking court official seeing had the share. 果然,很快他们得了消息,楚人献了巨鼋给郑灵公,按照惯例,公卿见者有份。 Zheng Linggong ordered to make the sea turtle thick soup of delicacy, actually divided the big end, divided the little soup to drink to everyone, and did not give the young master intentionally Song. 郑灵公下令煲了美味的鼋羹,却是分了大头,给大家分了一点点汤喝,并且故意不给公子宋。 Young master Song angry, before arriving at the king cauldron, stretched out that to have the index finger of induction it is said that moistened cooking liquor, placed the mouth suction, then left in a huff. 公子宋怒了,走到君王鼎前,伸出那个据说有感应的食指,沾了一下汤汁,放在嘴里吸吮,然后拂袖而去。 This is idiom ‚bribes in cauldron’. Also bribes the origin of this word. 这就是成语‘染指于鼎’。也是染指这个词的起源。 The cauldron of monarchy, how can the official bribe? Greatly disrespectful. 君主的鼎,臣子怎么能染指呢？大大地失礼。 Therefore Zheng Linggong is angry very much, wants to arrange the person to get rid of young master Song. 于是郑灵公很生气,想安排人干掉公子宋。 How to expect young master Song who strikes the first blow has the advantage...... to be in conspiracy with the spirit Duke son, killed Zheng Linggong...... 怎料公子宋先下手为强……伙同灵公的儿子,把郑灵公杀了…… Although the desire of tip of tongue, indulges it, will ferment on the fatal disaster! 啧啧啧,虽舌尖之欲,放纵它,也会酿就杀身之祸！ Sees this, you will perhaps sigh with emotion, the ritual collapses is wild with joy, often kills one's sovereign. 看到这,你们恐怕会感慨,礼崩乐坏啊,动不动就弑君。 Young master Song Yinwei has not divided to the soup drinks, bribes the cauldron of king, moistens Tang Suo to point, was too disrespectful, if this placed the Qing dynasty, was cut at the scene. 公子宋因为没分到汤喝,就染指君王的鼎,沾着汤嗦手指,太失礼了,这要是放在大清,当场就被砍了。 However, the anger of young master Song at that time was very normal. 然而,公子宋的愤怒在当时是很正常的。 Does not divide the soup to drink to him intentionally, is Zheng Linggong shames in first, this regarding the hereditary scholar class high-ranking court official, the insult that is unable to tolerate. 故意不分汤给他喝,是郑灵公羞辱在先,这对于士族公卿而言,是无法容忍的侮辱。 If young master Song did not have the overact, he later in the aristocrat circle, will not attach great importance. 如果公子宋没有过激反应,他以后在贵族圈子,就会不受人重视。 The Spring and Autumn Period, was our country true feudalism period, unlike afterward the false feudalism of centralization. 春秋战国,是我国真正的封建时期,跟后来中央集权的假封建不一样。 That time culture was the aristocrat culture. The kings, feudal lords, doctor and gentleman, four aristocrats, the first three types have the territory, is the feudal lord, the gentleman does not have the land, but there is an aristocrat status. 那时候的文化是贵族文化。王、诸侯、大夫、士,四种贵族,前三种都有领地,为封建主,士没有土地,但有贵族身份。 The honor and dignity of aristocrat are important, cannot profane. 贵族的荣誉、尊严非常重要,不可轻慢。 Spring and Autumn Period as well as earlier period's war, the aristocrats must enlist in the military to battle, the aristocrat was captured, the victor must allow the opposite party to redeem itself at the ransom money. 春秋以及更早时期的战争,贵族都要参军作战,贵族被俘虏,战胜者必须允许对方以赎金赎回自己。 According to then etiquette, the victor must give a captured aristocrat piece of jade. 按照当时的礼仪,战胜者要送给被俘虏的贵族一块玉。 The value of jade, according to the opposite party position different gives the diverse values the jade. 玉的价值,根据对方地位不同而给不同价值的玉。 The intention is, if cannot hand over the ransom money to Fang Family, that can use this piece of jade, letting the opposite party can redeem itself. 用意是,如果对方家里交不出赎金,那就可以用这块玉,让对方可以自己赎回自己。 Naturally, the usually captured aristocrat, will not use this piece of jade, even if loses everything, must pay the ransom money, later reorganizes the clothes, gives back to the victor this piece of jade respectful and prudent again, goes home dignified. 当然,通常被俘虏的贵族,是不会用这块玉的,哪怕砸锅卖铁,也得把赎金交了,之后整理衣冠,恭谨地再把这块玉还给战胜者,体面地回家。 This is the Zhou rite, what a pity only then early time also observes, in the mid and late part of Spring and Autumn Period starts many places not to observe. 这是周礼,可惜只有早期的时候还遵守,春秋中后期就开始很多地方不遵守了。 Especially because Duke Xiang of Song the justice and humanity and obeys the custom, but after defeating almost the perishing country, this ritual thorough no one observed. 尤其是宋襄公因为仁义和守规矩,而战败差点亡国后,这种礼就彻底没人遵守了。 Naturally, but jade custom was simplified, the customs including some battlefields vanishes. 当然,只是玉这个规矩被简化了,包括一些战场上的规矩消失。 However the honor and dignity of aristocrat have not lost as before, the ritual of non- war was being observed as before. Behind lost this aristocrat dignity gradually, is Qin Shi Huang unifies the world, the book same text, and fusion surname causes. 但是贵族的荣誉、尊严依旧没有丢,非战争的礼很多依旧是被遵守着的。后面渐渐丢了这种贵族尊严,是秦始皇统一天下,书同文,且融合姓氏所导致的。 Warring States period, Meng Changjun four gentlemen, raise the gentleman 3000. 战国时期,四君子之一的孟尝君,养士三千。 At that time, the gentleman as without aristocrat of real estate income, can only work for in the feudal lord, works for Dr. in, is the retainer. 在当时,士作为没有地产收入的贵族,就是只能效力于诸侯,效力于大夫,做门客。 The retainer also called the diner, the popular name dined. 门客又叫食客,俗称蹭饭的。 Four gentlemen raise that the toast, the part will be useful, but many life-long cannot use, eats for free. 四君子养那么多士,有一部分会用得上,但很多终生都用不上,吃白饭。 Why is also raising? Is the expression treats worthies and scholars with courtesy, is similar buys horse bone to the thousand gold (daughter). Even if the useless person, he will also be raising. 为什么还养着？就是表达礼贤下士,类似于千金买马骨。哪怕没有用的人,他也会养着。 Because the scholars entrained, at that time was not a country, but was many countries, therefore the scholar was unpleasant in a place, changed a place, was unpleasant in a country, changed a country. 因为士人都太拽了,当时又不是一个国家,而是很多国家,所以士人在一个地方不如意,就换个地方,在一个国家不如意,就换个国家。 In order to gives shelter to these to have the scholar of skill, must treat with good manners, even if some scholars are useless, cannot be disrespectful. 为了能收留住那些有本事的士人,就必须以礼相待,哪怕有些士人没用,也不能失礼。