RTW :: Volume #4

#378: Oxygen and nitrogen

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This experiment not only has the great practical significance, is a time extremely good educational opportunity, therefore besides participant Agatha, Silvie, James and Cam Schuire, Roland also entirely called other Witch Union members, Carter, Iron Axe and Barov, to accommodate these No. twenty person, the testing point was chosen in the space biggest fifth laboratory. 此次试验不仅具有重大的实际意义,同时也是一次极佳的教育机会,所以除了参与者爱葛莎、希尔维、查美斯和凯莫.斯垂尔外,罗兰把女巫联盟其他成员、卡特、铁斧和巴罗夫也统统叫了过来,为了容纳这二十几号人,试验地点选在了空间最大的第五实验室。 Stemming from attempts to consider for the first time, fractionating flask vessel has not made too greatly, almost approximately one person of high, diameter one meter, is similar to turreted. The vessel is divided into three, lowest level lets in air, above two for exhaust. 出于首次尝试考虑,分馏容器并没有做得太大,差不多约一人高,直径一米,类似于塔状。容器内部分为三层,最底层进气,上面两层用于排气。 Before the separation starts, Roland took a simple chemical division for all people first, tells matter that they possibly can have, while convenient proposed that several small issues, making everybody seek for answer-- besides to entice the interest of listening, but can also greatly strengthen the teaching the effect, this is also the skill that the chemistry teacher habitually uses. 在分离开始前,罗兰先为所有人上了一堂简单的化学课,告诉他们可能会发生的事情,顺带提出几个小问题,让大家自己寻找答案——除了能勾引起听讲者的兴趣外,还能大大增强教学的效果,这也是化学老师惯用的技巧。 „...... Theoretically, when Agatha reduces the vessel internal temperature, the air gradually the condensation will become the liquid, by the belt hole partition board, will drop the lowest level. When you observe the section has the fluid, tells us.” “……理论上,当爱葛莎降低容器内部温度,空气会逐渐冷凝成液体,透过带孔隔板,滴落到最底层。所以当你观察到底部有积液时,告诉我们。” Because is unable direct visual, must depend on Silvie by the vessel observation, will change to describe, therefore Roland said specially in detail in this part. 由于无法直接目视,必须靠希尔维透过容器观察,将变化描述出来,所以罗兰在这部分讲得特别详细。 Silvie nods halfly believing and half doubting, „can see the liquid to appear really? Isn't the water vapor in jar?” 希尔维将信将疑地点点头,“真能看到液体出现？不会是罐子里的水汽吧？” „Relax, the fluid spatial is pale blue, is completely different from the water vapor.” Roland beckons with the hand saying that „, moreover under that temperature, the water vapor already solidified/coagulated the ice crystal.” Afterward he has given a hand signal toward Agatha, „starts.” “放心,液空是淡蓝色的,和水汽完全不同。”罗兰摆手道,“而且在那个温度下,水汽早就凝固成冰晶了。”随后他朝爱葛莎做了个手势,“那么开始吧。” „Wait/Etc....... Doesn't vessel bottom cave entrance need to stop up?” She asked. “等等……容器底部这个洞口不用堵起来吗？”她问道。 „Later again stops up, otherwise the air in jar were too few, out-of-sight very obvious change.” Because is only the experiment, therefore Roland has selected the simplest method inspiration-- , in the pot the temperature reduces fast, the pressure with it reduction, making outside air emerge in the pot unceasingly. When conventional production like this makes basic gain does not equal the loss, because the cold air/Qi will drain unceasingly, waste energy, what Agatha use is magic power, moreover decreases temperature the efficiency to surpass any refrigerator, therefore Roland was also disinclined to prepare the air pump to gasify. “待会再堵,不然罐子里的空气太少了,观察不到很明显的变化。”由于只是试验,所以罗兰选用了最简单的方法来吸气——当罐内气温快速降低时,压力会随之降低,使得外面的空气不断涌入罐中。常规生产时这样做根本得不偿失,因为冷气会不断流失,浪费能量,但爱葛莎使用的是魔力,而且降温效率远超过任何制冷机,所以罗兰也懒得准备气泵充气了。 Agatha take a deep breath, both hands according to fractionating tower. 爱葛莎深吸了口气,将双手按在分馏塔上。 Counts breaths, the admission line presented the organing, that is the sound that the air current emerges fast. Around the orifice appears layer upon layer the hoar frost at naked eye obvious speed, and expands the rapid congealment of moisture content in-- air unceasingly under the low temperature of overflow, and attaches on the vessel outer wall. Anna will cremate the silk thread black, is cleaning up the ice crystals of these unceasing accumulations. 数息之间,进气管道就出现了啸音,那是气流快速涌入的声音。管口周围以肉眼可见的速度浮现出层层白霜,并不断扩大——空气中的水分在溢出的低温下迅速凝结,并依附在容器外壁上。安娜将黑火化成丝线,清理着这些不断增厚的冰晶。 Before long, Silvie then with amazement said, „I noticed on the partition board presented the liquid, but more was the white glazed frost.” 不一会儿,希尔维便惊讶地说道,“我看到隔板上出现液体了,但更多是白色的凝霜。” „White glazed frost possibly is the water vapor that emerges, possibly is the carbon dioxide of crystallization,” Roland answered, „considered in the air the carbon dioxide content to be extremely low, therefore the majority should be the water vapor.” “白色凝霜可能是涌入的水汽,也可能是结晶的二氧化碳,”罗兰解释道,“考虑到空气中二氧化碳含量极低,所以大部分应该是水汽。” When produces officially, before the air sucked in the fractionating tower, but must carry on the drying process first, otherwise after these water vapor congeal, is easy to stop up to divide the plywood and air vent, making the production efficiency reduce. 若正式生产时,空气被抽入分馏塔之前,还得先进行干燥处理,否则这些水汽凝结后容易堵塞分层板和排气孔,使得生产效率降低。 About after half quarter, bottom of the Silvie report vessel had been filled up by the blue liquid, Roland makes Soraya block the air feeder, and seals with the coating. 大约半刻钟后,希尔维汇报容器底部已被蓝色液体填满,罗兰才让索罗娅堵住进气管,并用涂层密封。 Then is the essential elevation of temperature. 接下来是关键的升温。 According to the nitrogen and oxygen melt boiling point, the nitrogen will be the boiling point, changes to the gas upward escape, thus realizes the separation. This temperature he already does not remember the concrete value, currently does not have the method to survey, can only grasp by Agatha. The concrete manifestation is, the air vent of fractionating tower peak has the gas to discharge, but the bottom remaining liquids will be getting more and more blue, this means that the liquid oxygen purity constantly is enhancing. 根据氮、氧熔沸点不同,氮气会率先达到沸点,化作气体向上逃逸,从而实现分离。这一温度他既不记得具体数值,目前也没有手段可以测量,只能靠爱葛莎自己把握。其具体表现便是,分馏塔顶端的排气孔有气体排出,而底部剩下的液体会越来越蓝,这意味着液氧的纯度在不断提高。 Is good is not strange regarding the control of magic power because of Agatha, she adjusts the temperature decrease scope precisely, making it rise again slowly, before long Silvie also observed the liquid level boiling phenomenon. Passed over in the coating tube in water to start to emit the air bubble, the Cam use draining water gathering of gas law collects several bottles of gas quickly. 好在爱葛莎对于魔力的控制并不陌生,她精确地调整降温幅度,使其慢慢回升,不一会儿希尔维也观察到了液面沸腾现象。通入水里的涂层管中开始冒出气泡,凯莫使用排水集气法很快收集到了好几瓶气体。 „Is this nitrogen?” Lily curls the lip saying that „anything cannot see.” “这就是氮气？”莉莉撇嘴道,“根本什么都看不到嘛。” „This is the first issue of my premise,” Roland asked that „how to show that it and air were different?” “这便是我之前提的第一个问题,”罗兰问道,“如何证明它与空气不同？” „Ignition,” Tilly answer, „«Elementary Chemistry» said that the combustion needs the oxygen, if it is another gas, should make the combustion the log extinguish instantaneously.” “点燃,”提莉率先回答,“《初等化学》里说燃烧需要氧气,如果它是另一种气体,应该会让燃烧的木块瞬间熄灭。” „Cooled liquid to know it, after” Agatha has pondered over the moment said that „after you did not say the nitrogen liquefication, was colorless?” “把它重新冷却成液体就知道了,”爱葛莎思忖了片刻后说道,“你不是说氮气液化后是无色的吗？” „Or in remaining the liquids the vessel leads, showed that latter is the pure oxygen can also prove the air ingredient the multiplicity.” Anna opens the mouth to say. “或者把容器中剩下的液体导出来,证明后者是纯净的氧气也可以证明空气成分的多样性。”安娜开口道。 The scene completely becomes the stage that study the tyrant has performed, the test methods were proposed, then discussed mutually, in laboratory only remaining a few individual sounds. Roland looks all around for one week, discovered that Nightingale, Andrea, Macy , etc. did witch, City Hall Prime Minister and Chief Knight Carter, is bewildered. First Army directs Iron Axe when regardless of being maintaining an expression, regardless of probably said anything, his nod name will be. 现场完全成了学霸表演的舞台,一个个测试方法被提出,然后互相讨论,实验室里只剩下少数几个人的声音。罗兰环顾一周,发现夜莺、安德莉亚、麦茜等一干女巫,还有市政厅总管和首席骑士卡特,皆是一脸茫然。第一军指挥铁斧则无论何时都维持着一种表情,大概无论自己说什么,他都会点头称是。 Good, Roland sighed in bottom of heart, it seems like that this chemical division slightly some ultra outlines. 好吧,罗兰在心底叹了口气,看来这堂化学课略有些超纲了。 If also some people can feel His Highness the Prince to be joyful now, perhaps on only remaining Cam Schuire and James. 如果现在还有人能感受王子殿下欣喜的,恐怕就只剩下凯莫.斯垂尔和查美斯了。 „Your highness, this is really...... Mysterious,” young alchemist exclaims, „you have proven the «Elementary Chemistry» accuracy. Perhaps all alchemist will not expect, including the air that the side finds at everywhere is so complex.” “殿下,这真是……神奇,”年轻的炼金师惊叹道,“您证明了《初等化学》的正确性。恐怕所有炼金师都不会料到,连身边随处可见的空气都是如此复杂。” „Had the pure oxygen, can observe fiercer oxidizing reaction? I many experiments want to do to look,” Cam said excitedly. “有了纯净的氧气,是不是就能观察到更剧烈的氧化反应？我又有许多试验想做做看了,”凯莫兴奋地说道。 Roland nods, in the heart suddenly has actually had another idea. 罗兰点点头,心中却突然冒出了另一个想法。 The nitrogen is the artificial synthetic ammonia main raw material, responded with the hydrogen under the condition of cementite in addition catalyst, can obtain the ammonia gas, not only the latter can be used to make the nitrogen fertilizer, but can also be used to synthesize the nitrogen oxide, thus makes the nitric acid. But this process wants to realize, the work that needs to do also has, for example air pumps, vacuum gas tanks as well as a series of complex conversion units. Even if White Paper can provide the catalyst function, needs the repeated test to be good. 氮气是人工合成氨最主要的原料,在高温高压外加催化剂的条件下与氢气反应,可以得到氨气,后者不仅能用于制造氮肥,还能用来合成氮氧化物,从而制得硝酸。可这个过程想要实现,需要做的工作还有很多,例如气泵、真空储气罐以及一系列复杂的反应设备。就算白纸能提供催化剂的功能,也需要反复试验才行。 Now, since he had pure oxygen and pure nitrogen, why non- direct production nitric oxide? 如今,他既然有了纯氧和纯氮,为何不直接生产一氧化氮？ Indeed, melts the industrial choice with the ammonia gas system nitric acid, lies in the oxygen and nitrogen responded that belongs to the endothermic reaction, is unable to carry on spontaneously, needs the exterior supplies energy, for example discharges-- to realize the gas heating to several thousand degrees through the electric arc instantaneously, place soil more fertile reason that this also frequently thunders. Because of this, this way equipment requirement is high, the energy consumption is big, therefore is not applicable to producing officially. 诚然,化工业选择用氨气制硝酸,就在于氧、氮反应属于吸能反应,无法自发进行,需要外部供给能源,例如放电——通过电弧瞬间将气体加热到数千度来实现,这也是经常打雷的地方土壤更肥沃的原因。正因为如此,该方式设备要求高,能源消耗大,所以不适用于正式生产。 But if enhances the capacity urgently needed, this production method efficiency is highest, does not need the catalyst, only with continually discharges...... Uses other methods to be the high temperature that the electric arc has then. 可倘若急需提高产能的话,这种生产方法效率最高,连催化剂都不需要,只用持续放电……或者利用其它手段达到电弧产生的高温即可。 Roland has naturally thought of the black fire. 罗兰自然想到了黑火。 Black fire heating efficiency is not worse than the electric arc, moreover is extremely also low to the burden of Anna, so long as deputes after the nitrogen oxygen, the proportionate mix pours into the airtight reaction still, can produce the nitric oxide unceasingly. 黑火加热效率并不比电弧差,而且对安娜的负担也极低,只要将氮氧提纯后,按比例混合倒入密闭的反应釜,就能不断生成一氧化氮。 He decided that tries according to this method. 他决定按这个方法试一试。 …… ……
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