MHAG :: Volume #11

#1089: Praise of Plato

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Plato is smiling, earnest saying: „My these opinions have said at first several scholar congresses, without the thing of renewal, how to feel all right stands on the platform again. Also, at this scholar congress had many young scholar's speeches also very splendid, particularly your son Pokos, then young had the so fantastic discovery, was really enviable! Moreover these young scholars mostly stem from your Theonia academy, obviously relentless investment of your Theonia in the education finally started to have the great accomplishment all the year round. In comparison, other city-state fell behind including our Athens!” When words at this point, on the face of Plato reveals several points of anxiety. 柏拉图则微笑着,认真的说道:“我的那些见解已经在前几届学者大会上说完了,没有更新的东西,怎么好意思再站在讲台上。再说,这一次学者大会上有不少年轻学者的演讲也非常的精彩,尤其是你的儿子阿波克斯,那么年轻就有如此惊人的发现,真是让人羡慕啊！而且这些年轻学者大多出自你们戴奥尼亚学园,可见你们戴奥尼亚在教育上长年坚持不懈的投入终于开始结出了硕果。相比之下,其他的城邦包括我们雅典都落后了很多！”话说到这里时,柏拉图的脸上露出几分忧虑。 „Yesterday, shielded Poos's speech also to win many scholar's commendations! Plato you do not need to be worried to lack successors completely!” The Lysias comfort said. “昨天,斯庇西普斯的演讲也赢得了众多学者的称赞！柏拉图你完全不用担心后继无人！”吕西亚斯安慰道。 present shields Poos to be busy at setting out to express gratitude to the elders. 斯庇西普斯忙起身向长辈们表示感谢。 Plato but actually not modest, he points at oneself nephew saying: „Compared with the first scholar congress, present shielded Poos really to have very big progress, however my academy until now also only then his can be called ‚young scholar’, but your academies actually emerged many outstanding young scholars, this disparity was very big!” 柏拉图倒也没有谦虚,他指着自己的侄子说道:“和第一届学者大会相比,现在的斯庇西普斯确实有了非常大的进步,但是我的学园至今为止还只有他一个能称为‘年轻学者’,而你们的学园却涌现出很多个杰出的年轻学者,这个差距是很大的！” „ The Theonia academy is the public entity of kingdom, provides for by the Theonia state treasury investment, every year the student who graduates from various kingdom cities schools chooses most outstanding candidate, conducts further training again, the nature maturing rate/lead will be very high. But Aka Desmis academy is you invests to establish, by the fund, location and teachers limit, you are unable to recruit more students, this cannot certainly compare. “戴奥尼亚学园是王国的公共机构,由戴奥尼亚国库出资供养,每年从王国各城镇学校毕业的学生中挑选最优秀者,再进行进一步的培养,自然成才率会很高。而阿卡德米学园是你个人出资建立,受资金、场地和老师人数的限制,你也无法招收更多的学生,这当然是不能相比的。 However I heard that the reputation of Aka Desmis academy has started to spread in eastern Mediterranean, believes that will gradually have came from each Greek city-state outstanding young people willing to arrive in your academy to study, the situation will have very big improvement. ” The Lysias comfort said. 不过我听说阿卡德米学园的名声已经开始在东地中海传扬,相信逐渐会有更多来自各个希腊城邦的优秀年轻人愿意到你的学园里学习,情况就会有很大的改善。”吕西亚斯安慰道。 Plato sighed: „ Just like I write in «New Republic of Plato», ‚a country and city-state want to gain the development of sustained prosperity, must first conduct the education emphatically, the education not only can enable the young citizens to have the wisdom, but can also train them to have the perfect thought and morals since childhood. Only the quality of citizens obtained the enhancement, understood the ponder, the entire country can the development of health......’ 柏拉图叹了口气:“正如我在《新理想国》一书中所写的,‘一个国家、一个城邦想要获得持续繁荣的发展,首先要着重搞好教育,教育不但可以使年轻的公民们拥有智慧,而且可以从小培养他们拥有健全的思想和道德。只有公民们的素质都获得了提高,懂得了思考,整个国家才能够健康的发展……’ What a pity, our Athens citizen does not think, they only place great emphasis on the present benefit, hopes to be able the property equal distributions in state treasury, therefore a few years ago they unanimously agreed on ecclesia, practices the ecclesia subvention system( i.e. any Athens citizen who attended congress, provides half drachma to take compensation each time, as price rises, this allowance also increases correspondingly, even expands to participating in other conferences can also obtain allowance compensation). 可惜,我们雅典公民并不会这么想,他们只看重眼前的利益,希望能够将国库里的财产平均分配,所以前些年在公民大会上他们一致同意,实行公民大会津贴制度(即凡是出席大会的雅典公民,每次发放半个德拉克马作为补偿,随着物价上涨,这种津贴也相应增加,甚至扩展到参与其他会议也能获得津贴补偿)。 After tasting to share the city-state wealth the advantage, they will formally pass in the year before last ‚implemented to provide to observe play subvention system’( to provide the subsidy of purchase play gate ticket price during the Athens celebration to poor citizen occasionally, this tradition started the Uncle Yu Licolli years earliest), for this reason also especially set up a financial officer, came to conduct the management to the play allowance...... ” 在尝到分享城邦财富的好处之后,他们又在前年正式通过了‘实行发放观剧津贴制度’(在雅典庆典期间偶尔会对贫困公民发放购买戏剧门票钱的补贴,这个传统最早开始于伯里克利时代),为此还专门设立了一个财政官员,来对戏剧津贴进行管理……” Saying of Plato quite worry: „ Now the Athens citizen enjoyed the advantage that shared the city-state wealth, they hope the subsidy fund that city-state provided was more frequent, quantity more, but the remainders of Athens tax revenue will be getting fewer and fewer, can deal with the economic situation the ability is also getting more and more bad. However the Athens civil life comfortably, becomes less willing to be engaged in the difficult and dangerous military action. 柏拉图颇为忧心的说道:“现在雅典的公民享受到了分享城邦财富的好处,他们希望城邦发放的补贴款项更频繁、数量更多,而雅典税收的剩余部分就会越来越少,能够应付经济状况的能力也就越来越差。但是雅典公民生活得越来越舒适,就变得不愿意去从事艰苦而危险的军事行动。 A while ago, the son of branch agriculture raised Hughes to propose at the powwow, ‚should lead the navy link navigation Peloponnese peninsula, hurt the Sparta navy, established the advantage of Athens navy thoroughly.’ The powwow adopted his proposition, but has not actually appropriated the fund of going to battle with, the people enlist in the military not enthusiastically, raises Hughes to raise money, hires the soldier, the payment reward, formed the fleet of going to battle. 前段时间,科农的儿子提摩修斯在议事会上提出,‘应该率领海军环航伯罗奔尼撒半岛,打击斯巴达海军,彻底确立雅典海军的优势。’议事会通过了他的提议,但却没有拨付出征的款项,民众参军也不踊跃,提摩修斯不得不自己筹钱,雇佣士兵,支付报酬,才组建了出征的船队。 Finally after conquering Kerkyra, because the funds lack, the sailors refuse to battle for him again, the entire military action conducted the halfway to end in a hurry. Suffers such difficult position military general raises Hughes not only, but also including Iphicrates and Caprae Lancet...... these also calculates that outstanding Athens general was also limited by the military expenses, causing a series of military action of Athens to have little effect for these years. 结果在征服克基拉岛之后,因为经费缺乏,水手们拒绝再为他作战,整个军事行动才进行到半途就匆匆结束了。遭遇到这样困境的军事将领不光是提摩修斯,还包括伊菲克拉特斯、卡布里阿斯……这些还算优秀的雅典将领同样也遭受到军费的限制,导致这几年雅典的一系列军事行动都收效甚微。 This also causes to be willing for outstanding general that Athens works to have to frequently for outside nation monarchy potency, enables in their hands to have enough wealth or is capable of supporting them through the loan for the military action of Athens implementation, like Iphicrates not only frequently is the Thracian potency, but also married a Thrace king's daughter is a wife, raised Hughes to have very high prestige in Ionia, similarly married a Asia Minor King's city-state daughter...... 这也导致愿意为雅典效力的优秀将领们不得不经常为外邦君主效力,也使他们手中拥有足够钱财或者有能力通过借款来支撑他们为雅典实施的军事行动,像伊菲克拉特斯不但经常为色雷斯人效力,而且还娶了一位色雷斯国王之女为妻,提摩修斯在爱欧尼亚有着很高的声望,同样娶了一位小亚细亚城邦国王之女…… In, they more time is to usually treat externally rather than in Athens, because such they have more freedoms, can live the luxurious ostentatious life, but not by the accusation of public opinion. Continuously for a long time hence, they regarding some Athens also how many loyalty?! 在平时,他们更多的时间是待在国外而不是在雅典,因为那样他们拥有更多的自由,可以过着奢侈浮华的生活,而不受公共舆论的指责。长此以往,他们对于雅典还有多少的忠诚？！ This simply is a vicious circulation! But the Athens citizens actually cannot see these dangers, most they only regard as important can see a play, every day to go to each conference site to sit free can receive money...... this is most pitiful! ” 这简直就是一个恶性的循环！但雅典的公民们却看不到这些危险,大多数的他们只看重可以免费看戏、每天去各个会场坐一坐就能拿到钱……这才是最可悲的！” Listened to these, Davos does not want to express the opinion at the Athens business, but he thinks, is sincere saying: „The Athens government is not willing to take out money to form the army to go to war from the state treasury will cause a worse result, the Athens generals with money payment mercenaries reward that oneself plan, the mercenaries naturally obeyed generals' order rather than the Athens government, the Athens government completely lost the controlling force to the army, was very difficult the strategy that ordered the army to carry out it to establish. Even if the generals of series army have some ambition to Athens, ordering the army to attack to Athens, you said that these mercenaries can obey?” 听了这些,戴弗斯本不想在雅典的事务上发表意见,但他又想了想,还是正色的说道:“雅典政府不愿意从国库掏钱组建军队打仗会导致一个更糟糕的结果,雅典的将军们用自己筹来的钱支付雇佣军报酬,雇佣军自然听从将军们的命令而不是雅典政府,雅典政府完全失去了对军队的控制力,很难命令军队执行它所制定的战略。甚至于如果统军的将军对雅典还有某种野心,命令军队向雅典进攻,你说这些雇佣兵会不会听从？” Plato hears to stare, slowly puts down to deliver to the wineglass of mouth, long time scruple saying: „ Although raises Hughes and Iphicrates has some contradictions, but these General Athens of nowadays are full of the deep love to Athens...... you said also right, since the army for the city-state potency, city-state should also certainly pay the reward for the soldiers, safeguards their life, both sides have the duty mutually. But a side gave up this duty, the other side also had certainly the right not to carry out this duty...... 柏拉图听得一愣,慢慢的放下送到嘴边的葡萄酒杯,半晌才迟疑的说道:“尽管提摩修斯和伊菲克拉特斯有一些矛盾,但现今的这些雅典将军对雅典还是充满热爱的……不过你说得也对,军队既然是为城邦效力,城邦当然也应该为士兵们付出报酬,保障他们的生活,双方互有义务。可是一方放弃了这个义务,另一方当然也就有了权利不执行这个义务…… The day before yesterday, I arrived at Thurii, had heard that ‚Theonia through increasing the tax formed border army’ the matter, the Theonia people had one powerful and government of wisdom truly was a very happy matter! ” 前天,我来到图里伊,已经听说‘戴奥尼亚通过增税来组建边境军队’的事情,戴奥尼亚民众拥有一个强大而且智慧的政府确实是一件很幸福的事情！” Plato drank a liquor, does not want to discuss again this irritating issue, then continues saying: „Reason that my time arrives at Thurii just before the end of the scholar congress , because spent some time to tour Theonia other cities.” 柏拉图喝了口酒,不想再讨论这个恼人的问题,转而继续说道:“我这次之所以在学者大会快要结束时才来到图里伊,是因为花了一些时间去游逛戴奥尼亚的其他城镇。” „mysterious!” Davos looks regrettable saying: „You should say one to me beforehand, making me give you to arrange, like this your itinerary will be more convenient and be safer.” “奥！”戴弗斯面露遗憾的说道:“你应该事先给我说一声,让我来给你安排,这样你的旅游行程才会更便利、更安全。” „I did not tell you, for was been more free by own excursion, is been more real by the thing that oneself eyes saw.” Plato referred to the eye, mischievous asking: „Honored King Davos, you want to give me to arrange, is feared that I do see some not good thing?” “我不告诉你,就是为了让自己的游逛更加自由,让自己双眼看到的东西更加真实。”柏拉图指了指眼睛,促狭的问道:“尊贵的戴弗斯国王,你想要给我安排,难道是怕我看到一些不好的东西？” Davos smiles: „You should understand me, I may have nothing to be worried.” 戴弗斯爽朗一笑:“你应该了解我,我可没有什么好担心的。” „Truly, I should to you said that congratulates!” The Plato interest abundant said: „ I went to the south- once Carthage military strategic place so that also went to north big city Rome, but also waited for two days...... the Theonia national territory to be truly broad in the past Samnites small and medium town Behre Toome, light/only spent my a lot of time on the road. “确实,我应该向你表示恭喜！”柏拉图兴致盎然地说道:“我去了南面-曾经的迦太基军事重镇利利俾,也去了北面的大城罗马,还在昔日萨莫奈人的中心城镇贝雷文图姆待过两天……戴奥尼亚的国土确实广阔,光是在路上就花费了我不少时间。 However, I must correct a few words that the king you spoke a moment ago, this is very safe, no matter the sea route, the land route, I have not encountered the pirate, has not encountered mountain bandit, has not seen the war, the place that passes through everywhere appears peaceful and stable, even if by Greeks calls it ‚aggressive barbarian’ the Samnites territory in is still similarly so. 但是,我要纠正国王你刚才所说的一句话,这一路都很安全,不管是海路、还是陆路,我没有遭遇海盗,也没有遭遇山匪,更没有看见战争,所经过的地方处处都显得和平安宁,即使是在被希腊人称之为‘凶悍的野蛮人’的萨莫奈人领地里也是同样如此。 Must know that more than ten years ago, more than 20 years ago, the Magna Graecia area and Sicily area are unceasing with the Greek same war, Greece colonizes the city-state war, to colonize the war between war, Greek city-state and the Carthage city-state and aborigines...... the present Greece war conflict is still continuing, however in the Adriatic Sea west is completely another scene, this is existence of Kingdom of Theonia to the momentous change that western Mediterranean brings about! ” 要知道在十几年前、在二十多年前,大希腊地区、西西里地区跟希腊本土一样战争不断,希腊殖民城邦的战争、殖民城邦与土著人的战争、希腊城邦与迦太基之间的战争……如今希腊本土的战争冲突还在继续,但是在亚得里亚海的西面已经完全是另一幅景象,这是戴奥尼亚王国的存在给西地中海带来的巨大变化！” Plato drank a liquor , to continue to say loudly: „ I have to mention another important change, although the journey is long, but the transportation is very convenient, the marine route is unobstructed, harbor cities that I arrive in regardless of size, its port facilities are quite perfect, the management is also systematic. 柏拉图又喝了口酒,继续大声说道:“我还不得不提到另一个重要的变化,旅途虽然漫长,但是交通却很便利,海上航路通畅,我所到的港口城镇无论大小,其港口设施比较完善,管理也井然有序。 As for speaking of the land route, has to raise you to consume the state treasury and path of massive operation construction, smooth, broad and firm, even in Samnium and Lucania continuous mountain ridge, still had their existences. You still also construct the path in Volscians and territories of Campania person these unions...... oh, you call it ‚road net’, it truly is a net, this net related most races of Italian Peninsula in one, provided very big convenience for their journeys and trades, made among each race people improve the exchange. 至于说到陆路,就不得不提你们所耗费国库、大量经营建造的道路,平整、宽阔、坚固,即使是在萨莫奈、卢卡尼亚连绵的山岭中,仍然有它们的存在。你们还在沃尔西人、坎帕尼亚人这些同盟的领地上也修建道路……噢,你们称之为‘道路网’,它确实是一个网,这个网将意大利半岛的多数种族都联系在了一起,为他们的出行和贸易提供了很大的便利,也让各个种族民众之间加强了交流。 I walk , on main road, the pedestrian on road is always continuous, on their faces mostly has an optimistic spirit, I saw a hope on their faces, this hope forces them to seem very hurried, catches up is conducting the back the car(riage), to carry to wrap is this, but this hurried actually not because of poor, but for good life...... but this hope actually Kingdom of Theonia grants! ” 我走在大道上的时候,路上的行人总是络绎不绝,他们的脸上大多带着一种乐观的精神,在他们的脸上我看到了一种渴望,这种渴望迫使他们显得很匆忙,无论是赶着驮车、还是背着包裹都是这样,但这种匆忙却不是因为贫穷,而是为了更好的生活……而这种渴望却正是戴奥尼亚王国所赐予的！”
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